Oil

oil (of Latin oleum; out Greek έλαιον: 'Olive oil ') is a liquid, which does not separate in water, thus hydrophob and/or is lipophilic.

In order to be able to mix oil and water, one needs an emulsifying agent. Otherwiseform very fast again two phases, the oil phase (, there less closely above) and the water phase. Also milk is an emulsion from water and oil, with which the cream sets off above, if it did not homogenize .

1 General
2 groups of oils
3 applications
4 see also
5 Web on the left of

[to work on]

general

oil consists of to one or more liquid hydrocarbon connections. These differof hydrocarbons such as alcohols, Ketone and Ether by the not polarity, of the firm fats by their chain length and the cross-linking of the single of molecules.

The expression “does not go down like oil” has with oil to anything to do,separate designates beer, Danish Øl or English Ale compares.

[Work on]

groups of oils

[work on]

organic oils

organic oils (rarely also called fat oils) are chemically triglycerides, itself from organic fats onlyby their melting point differentiate. The low melting point results from the insatiated connections contained in the molecule. Therefore also of “satisfied”, “insatiated” or “multipleinsatiated” fats/oils one speaks. As healthy the insatiated fatty acids are considered.

Many vegetable oils in this group serve underother one than food and are designated therefore also than food oils (for example rapeseel oil, Sonnenblumenöl, thistle oil, olive oil, linseed oil, cure until core oil, Hanföl).

Animal oils (like z. B. Fischöl or claw oil) is used more rarely than food.They find however use in the chemical industry (z. B. Lubricating oils, soap) or in mechanical engineering (lubricants).

[Work on]

ethereal oils

ethereal oils are volatile, “drying” oils so mentioned, which are in different groups of plants (z.B.Zitronenöl).

[Work on]

mineral oils

of mineral oils occur as oil in the interior of the earth and are hydrocarbon connections. Most of them belong chemically seen to the alkanes. The naturally occurring crude oils are however usually contaminated and possess up tofew exceptions (oil from Libya) for example high sulfur content as well as admixtures of other connections.

Due to their chemical structure these mineral oils are basic material for many connections of organic chemistry, for example for the production of plastics.

Mineral oils preferably become as Source of energy used and into strength and fuel transformed (refines). They represent therefore one of the most important sources of energy of our civilization (for example fuel oil, diesel oil, fuel oil). Mineral oils are continued to use also for lubrication purposes, i.e. metallic, to each otherit induced surfaces in such a way distance to hold that they do not come into direct wear contact (engine oil).

Volatile, substances won from oil (for example gasoline, kerosene) are likewise ranked not among the oils.

Synthetic oils so mentioned are basedalso on oil raffinates, possess a completely special molecular structure, which does not occur in such a way with the crude oil. Synthetically manufactured hydrocarbons and salts are added. The acceptance, synthetic oils chemically and did not contain excluding not in nature occurring substances were manufactured, are wrong.

[Work on]

silicone oils

of silicone oils or also synthesis oils are based on halforganic polymers and copolymers from silicon - oxygen - units and organic Seitenketten. They are relatively insensitive in relation to oxidation, warmth and other influences. Apart from the use as lubricants in thatThey find industry also in hygiene products or special industriellen applications (e.g. the Entschäumung) use.

[Work on]

thermal oil

thermal oil is used for the transmission of heat energy, to Wärmeübertragungsanlagen. It is warmed up in heaters and transported via pipings to the places,at those a product to be warmed up must. This happens in a closed cycle. The large advantage of thermal oil opposite of water is the substantially higher boiling point. So a temperature of over 300 can be achieved °C. Thermal oil can both outSynthetic oils and of organic oils to be made.

[Work on]