18. March

of the 18. March is the 77. Day of the Gregorian calendar (the 78. in leap years), thus 288 days up to the year end remain.

of events

politics

• 3952 v. Chr.: After computations of the monk Beda Venerabilis is the 18. March 3952 v. Chr. the date of the Erschaffung of the world.
• 0 0 37: Caligula replaces Tiberius as Roman emperors .
• 1229: Emperor Friedrich II. crowns itself to the king of Jerusalem.
• 1438: Albrecht II. from having castle German king becomes.
• 1452: Friedrich III. becomes through Pope Nikolaus V. in Rome to the emperor crowned.
• 1522: Juan Sebastián de Elcano discovers the Amsterdam island.
• 1584: After the death of Zar Iwan IV. „the terrible one “ its spirit-ill son Fjodor comes to power. The Regierungsgeschäfte leads Boris Godunow.
• 1662: The first airline service with horse penalties is taken in Paris in enterprise.
• 1673: Lord Berkeley sells his part of new jersey to the Quäker.
• 1766: The British parliament waives the stamp act, thatin the North American colonies of resistances had released.
• 1793: Austria drives out in the battle with Neerwinden the Frenchmen from Belgium.

• 1801: The Kingdom of Etrurienby Spain and France on the area of the Grand Duchy Toskana is created; Ludwig (hereditary prince von Parma) becomes king Etruriens.
• 1805: Emperor Napoléon proclaims the Kingdom of Italy after the conquest of Italy.
• 1839: The emperor of China forbids foreignCommercial companies to import Opium to China and solves thereby indirectly the following 1. Opiumkrieg out.
• 1843: Karl Marx terminates his work as an editor with „the Rheini newspaper “in Cologne because of political censorship.
• 1848: March revolution in the German federation; into Berlin it comes to barricade fights.
• 1869: Flow of the bitter lakes with Mediterranean water for the building of the Sueskanals.
• 1871: The rebellion that Paris municipality breaks out.
• 1890: Germany. Emperor Wilhelm II. forces realm chancellor Otto ofBismarck to the resignation.
• 1913: George I., King of Greece, is murdered by a Greek revolutionary in Saloniki.
• 1915: The First World War: The attack of the British navy on the Dardanellen fails (battle of Gallipoli).
• 1921: End of the Polish-Soviet war by the peace of Riga.
• 1922: In India Mahatma Gandhi is condemned to six years prison because of civilian disobedience. It will serve however only two years.
• 1940: The Second World War of Axis powers. Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini meet at the burner passport in the alps and agree upon the alliance against France and Great Britain.
• 1945: The Second World War: 1250 American bombers fly an attack on Berlin.
• 1953: The German Bundestag in Bonndischarges the GermanIsraeli reparations agreement.
• 1959: The American president Dwight D. Eisenhower signs a regulation to the autonomy of Hawaii.
• 1961: Franz Josef bunch becomes a chairman of the CSU.
• 1962: France and Algeria sign a contract toCompletion of the Algeria war, France dismisses Algeria into independence.
• 1970: Lon Nol entmachtet prince Norodom Sihanouk of Kambodscha.
• 1975: China issues an amnesty for all former functionaries of the Kuomintang.
• 1977: In Windhuk becomesCondition plan for Namibia prepared („conference of gymnasium “).
• 1978: The former Prime Minister of Pakistan Zulfiqar Ali Khan Bhutto is condemned to death.
• 1990: In the GDR the first free elections take place to the people chamber .
• 1990: Estonia. The estnischeMovement of independence wins the elections.
• 1991: Jonas Melheiro Savimbi, which explains leaders of the liberation movement UNITA the civil war in Angola for terminated.
• 1992: Of Finland parliament decides for the entry to the European community.
• 1994: Sign in WashingtonRepresentative of Bosnia-Herzegovina and Croatia federation contract.
• 1996: In Benin Mathieu Kérékou president becomes.
• 2004: In Ottawa the European Union - Canada - summit takes place.

economics

• 1850: American Express becomes of Henry Wells & William fargo based.
• 1874: Hawaii signs a trade agreement with the USA, which grants exclusive commercial laws.
• 1938: Mexico puts all oil fields under state control, which belong to foreigners.
• 1946: The World Bank begins in Washington, D.C. with their activity.
• 1968: That Congress of US waives the regulation that gold reserves for the U.S. currency must be formed.
• 1974: 1. Oil crisis: Most OPEC - nations terminate the five-month oil embargo against the USA, Europe and Japan.
• 1975: The European rear forregional development (EFRE) is established.
• 1992: Microsoft brings Windows to 3,1 on the market.
• 2001: The trade union Ver.di is created in Berlin.
• 2003: The German Wella AG becomes for approximately 6 billion Euro to 81%of the US-American consumer goods giant Procter & Gamble taken over.

science and technology

• 1891: The first telephone call is held from Paris to London over a communication cable by the English Channel.
• 1895: The first Buslinie of the world with one gasoline-operatedBus (5 HP), assigned by the Netphener bus company, built of Carl Benz, takes up its enterprise between Deuz and victories.
• 1931: The first electrical electric shaver comes on the market.
• 1965: The cosmonaut Alexei Archipowitsch Leonow leaves aserster Mensch eine Raumkapsel im Weltraum。
• 1986: For the first time a Concorde in the GDR on the airport lands resounds/Leipzig.

culture

• 1848: In Venice the opera becomes „Allan Cameron “ by Giovanni Pacini in the Teatro LaFenice uraufgeführt.
• 1894: Premiere of the opera „world spring “ of Hans Huber in Basel.
• 1919: Premiere of the opera „Gaudeamus “ of Engelbert Humperdinck in Darmstadt.
• 1922: Premiere of the romantic opera „the tower of the Wojwoden “ of Ernst von Dohnányi in Budapest.
• 1924: The silent movie unusually aufwändig produced with costs of 2 million US Dollar „the thief of Bagdad “ of Raoul Walsh is uraufgeführt in the USA.
• 1950: In Cairo a performance prohibition for films becomes also Elizabeth Taylor due to their participation in a Galaveranstaltung for the financial support of Israel expressed.
• 1989: In Egypt a 4400 years old mummy in the Cheops pyramid is found.
• 1989: Premiere of the amusing opera „the hot furnace “ of Hans's Werner Henze in Kassel.
• 1990: 12 paintings in the total value 100 million US Dollar, are stolen by two thieves, who were disguised as policemen, from the Isabella Stewart Gardner museum in bad clay/tone, Massachusetts. The largest art robbery in the history of the USA is so far not cleared up.
• 1992: Premiere of the opera „Eréndira “ of Violeta Dinescu in Munich.

religion

• 417: Zosimus is crowned to the Pope.
• 1212: Klara of Assisi puts it down Gelübde.
• 1314: The last large master of the Templerordens Jacques de Molay is burned together with Geoffroy de Charnay in Paris as Ketzer on the heap of failure.
• 1965: The the Holy See arranges the holy Kongregation of the holy Offizium again and calls it in Kongregation for the faith teachings over.

disasters

• 1925: A heavy Tornado in the USA demands 2,000 dead ones and 6,500 hurt.
• 1937: Natural gas - explosion in a school in new London, Texas, kills 400 humans, mostly children.
• 1953: An earthquake inwest Turkey demands 250 human lives.
• 1971: With a landslide large Gesteinsmassen fall the released Flutwelle of 30 m height into the lake Yanahuani into Peru, destroy the mine settlement Chungar and kill several hundred persons.
• 1980: On thatRocket launching site Plesetsk in north Russia exploded with the start preparations during the refueling a Wostok-2M - rocket and kills 48 persons.
• 1996: In Manila 150 humans die with a fire in a discotheque because of locked emergency exits.
• 1997: The trunk of a Russian Antonov An-24 - Charter plane breaks apart during a flight into Turkey . 50 persons die, the type of aircraft receive after the misfortune grounding.

sport

• 1877: In Cologne the first German rudder federation, is created the KRV1877.
• 1900:The soccer association Ajax Amsterdam is created.
• 1902: The soccer association material Madrid is created.
• 1919: The football club fiber plastic Valencia is created.
• 1995: To Michael Jordan announced with the words „I to bake “his return to Chicago Bulls.
• 2000: Vladimir Klitschko wins his Boxkampf against Paea wolf gram in the Alsterdorfer sport-resounds in Hamburg by k. o.

Entries from athlete IC world records are under the respective discipline under Leichtathletik; for events within the range formula 1 see there.

born

• 1380: Lidwina the Dulderin, Netherlands catholic holy ones
• 1545: Julius of genuine from Mespelbrunn, prince bishop von Würzburg and Herzog von Franken
• 1578: Adam Elsheimer, German painter
• 1604: Johann IV., King of Portugal
• 1609: Friedrich III., King of Denmark and Norway
• 1654: Catharina Charlotte de la Gardie, wife Otto William count von Königsmarck
• 1690: Christian gold brook, Prussian mathematician
• 1733: Friedrich Nicolai, German writer and publisher
• 1762: Karl Christian Gmelin, German Botaniker and natural scientist
• 1765: David Hendrik Chassé, Netherlands general
• 1792: António José de Sousa one oil de Menezes Severim de Noronha, PortugueseStatesman and general, politician
• 1796: Jakob Steiner, Swiss mathematician
• 1798: Joseph Chmel, Austrian Augustiner Chorherr and historian
• 1802: Alfred Augusts Cuvillier Fleury, French writer and journalist
• 1813: Friedrich Hebbel, German dramatist
• 1816: Carl dig, German painter and Radierer
• 1823: Antoine Chanzy, French general and diplomat
• 1828: William Randal Cremer, British politician and Nobel peace prize carrier
• 1830: Fustel de Coulanges, French historian
• 1832: Wenzel Lustkandl, Austrian politician andLawyer
• 1837: Grover Cleveland, US American 22. and 24. President of the USA
• 1838: Sir William Randal Cremer, British politician and Nobelpreisträger
• 1842: Stéphane Mallarmé, French writer
• 1844: Nikolai Rimski Korsakow, Russian composer
• 1850: Smelling pool of broadcasting corporations von Drasche Wartinberg, Austrian Asia researcher
• 1851: Adalbert Ricken, German Mykologe
• 1853: Emile Alexandre Taskin, French opera singer
• 1853: Emilie Kempin Spyri, first Mrs., those in Switzerland in law attained a doctorate and habilitierte themselves
• to 1858: Rudolf Diesels, German engineer and inventor
• 1860: Josephine Wessely, German actress
• 1869: Neville Chamberlain, British politician and prime minister
• 1874: Bertha servants, Austrian authoress and travel lady journalist
• 1875: Manuel Trucco, Chilean politician
• 1876: Sir Dr.William Hobo, British physician and adventurer
• 1877: Ivo Schricker, German football player and football functionary
• 1879: Grigori Abramowitsch Krejn, Russian composer
• 1880: Walter high man, German test engineer for structural design
• 1881: Paul LeFlem, French composer
• 1882: Gian Francesco Malipiero, Italian composer
• 1884: August Thalheimer, German philosopher and Marxist
• 1886: Briefly Koffka, German psychologist
• 1886: Lothar Arnauld de la Perière, commander of submarine in the First World War
• 1889: Jacob Mangers, Oberhirte of the catholic church
• 1893: Costante Girardengo, Italian wheel running driver
• 1893: Wilfred Owen, English poet
• 1895: Walter Rheiner, German poet and writer
• 1895: William Rexrodt, German politician
• 1897: Clemens Hesemann, German politician
• 1899: January Hendrik de Boer, Physiker and chemist
• 1900: Alfred Poell, Viennese chamber singer
• 1900: Johannes Sobek, German football player
• 1900: Josef Gockeln, German politician
• 1901: Peter Jilemnicky, Czech writer
• 1902: Ludwig butcher, German politician
• 1903: E. O. Plauen, German draughtsman (“father and son”)
• 1903: Galeazzo Ciano count von Cortelazzo, Italian politician
• 1903: Otto Meier, German artist(Ceramic(s))
• 1905: Robert Donat, British actor
• 1905: Thomas Townsend Brown, US-American physicist
• 1906: Karl Sesta, Austrian football player
• 1909: Ljubica Marić, Serbian Komponistin
• 1909: Wolfgang weber (chess), German problem composer
• 1910: Chiang Ching kuo, politicians
• 1913: Hamilton Shirley Amerasinghe, UN-politician and diplomat from Sri Lanka
• 1913: René Clément, French film director
• 1913: Werner Mölders, Air Force Luftwaffe in the Second World War
• 1914: Thaddäus Troll, German writer
• 1915: The Lorenz Giovanelli, Swiss people musician and composer
• 1916: Louis Toebosch, Netherlands composer and professor
• 1918: Heinz Felfe, German SS-Obersturmführer and Soviet feeler gauge
• 1920: Linda Dégh, Folkloristin of Hungarian origin
• 1921: Hellema,Netherlands writer and resistance fighter
• 1922: Egon Bahr, German politician, former Federal Minister
• 1924: Alexandre José Maria DOS Santos, archbishop of Maputo and cardinal
• 1925: Antonio José González Zumárraga, archbishop of Quito and cardinal
• 1926: Peter Graves, US-amerikanischer actor
• 1927: George Plimpton, US-American writer
• 1927: John Kander, US-American composer
• 1928: Alfreds weigh, German lawyer
• 1928: Charlotte of meal village, justified the period of promoterism museum in Berlin
• 1928: Gustav Peichl, Austrian architect and caricaturist
• 1929: Christa wolf, German authoress
• 1930: Adam Joseph Maida, archbishop of Detroit and cardinal
• 1930: Günter Hartmann, German politician
• 1930: Héctor Bianciotti, in France more livingArgentine writer
• 1931: Rolf Losansky, German director
• 1932: John Updike, US-American writer
• 1933: Severino Poletto, archbishop of Turin and cardinal
• 1934: Dock Fischer, German film and television actress and authoress
• 1936: FrederikWillem de Klerk, Präsident of the Republic of South Africa
• 1937: Mark of Donohue, Formel1-Rennfahrer
• 1937: Rudi Altig, German wheel running driver
• 1938: Álfrún Gunnlaugsdóttir, Icelandic authoress
• 1938: Charley Pride, US-American Country singer
• 1938: Dieter Haak,German politician
• 1939: Peter Kraus, German singer and actor
• 1940: Hartmut Grassl, German climatic researcher
• 1941: Wilson spades-chain, Soul singers of the 60's
• 1941: Wolfgang farmer, Austrian writer
• 1942: Doris luggage, GermanPolitician and MdB
• 1943: Kevin Dobson, actor „Kojak “
• 1944: Dieter Birr, deutscher Musiker (Puhdys)
• 1945: Eric Woolfson, Scottish composer and musician
• 1949: Alex Higgins, Snookerspieler
• 1949: Jacques Secretin, French table tennis player
• 1949: Karin aristocracy mouth, Netherlands politician
• 1949: Michael Hartl, Austrian singer and moderator
• 1949: Rodrigo Rato, Spanish politician; Director of the IWF
• 1950: Brad Dourif, US-American actor
• 1950: Claudia winter stone, German politician
• 1950: James Conlon, US-American conductor
• 1950: Peter Funke, German old historian
• 1950: Rainer Tabillion, German politician and MdB
• 1951: Bill Frisell, US-American jazz guitarist
• 1952: Michaela May, German actress
• 1952: Salome Surabischwili, Georgian Foreign Minister
• 1953: Harald crowd rope, German politician
• 1954: Dietrich Siegl, Austrian actor
• 1956: Ingemar Stenmark, Swedish ski sportsman, olympia winner
• 1958: Andreas Wenzel, ski running runner from Liechtenstein
• 1959: Irene Cara,US-American singer and actress
• 1959: Luc Besson, French film director
• 1961: Heidi Preuss, US-American Skirennläuferin
• 1961: Smelling pool of broadcasting corporations Biggs, US-American television and theatre actor
• 1962: Tina Bara, German Fotografin and GDR oppositional
• 1963: Vanessa Williams, US-American singer
• 1964: Alex Caffi, Italian Formel-1-Rennfahrer
• 1964: Bonnie Blair, Olympiasiegerin in ice high-speed run
• 1964: Courtney Pine, British jazz saxophonist
• 1965: Birgit Clarius, German light athlete and Olympiateilnehmerin
• 1966: Anne wants, German lady journalist and television host
• 1966: January-sneeze Zamanduridis, German Ringer
• 1966: Jerry Cantrell, US-American rock musician
• 1969: Wassyl Iwantschuk, Ukrainian chess large master
• 1970: Michael Neumann, German politician
• 1970: Queen Latifah, US-American Hip Hop musicianand actress
• 1970: Suzan Anbeh, German actress
• 1973: Max Barry, Australian writer
• 1974: NIC Berger, Austrian Beach Volleyball player
• 1977: Willy Sagnol, French football national player
• 1977: Zdeno Chára, slowakischer ice hockey player
• 1978: Brooke Hanson, Australian swimmer
• 1978: Charlotte Roche, German television host
• 1980: Alexei Konstantinowitsch Jagudin, Russian ice art runner
• 1980: Juliette Schoppmann, German Pop and musical singer
• 1981: Fabian Cancellara, Swiss wheel running driver
• 1981: Lina Andersson one, Swedish Skilangläuferin
• 1981: Tom strong one, German football player
• 1982: Timo Glock, German Formel1-Fahrer
• 1985: Mark heating Meier, German football player
• 1986: Paulina Barzycka, Polish swimmer

died

• 0,386: Kyrill of Jerusalem, bishop von Jerusalem, Kirchenlehrer
• 0,978: Eduard of the martyrs, king of England
• 1086: Bishop Anselm von Lucca
• 1227: Pope Honorius III.
• 1286: Alexander III. King of Scotland
• 1508: Albrecht IV., starting from 1503 duke by Bavaria
• 1541: Henricus Ubbius, lawyer, ostfriesischer chancellor and chronicler
• 1555: Sebastian of hay trunk, archbishop of Mainz, realm ore chancellor
• 1584: Iwan the terrible one, Russian Zar
• 1677: MarieLuise of sword field, morganatisch angetraute wife of the cure prince
• 1745: Sir Robert whale poles, first prime minister Great Britain
• 1746: Anna Leopoldowna, large princess and Regentin of Russia
• 1754: Germain Boffrand, building master
• 1768: Laurence of stars, British writer
• 1781: Anne Robert Jacques Turgot, French statesman and economist
• 1786: Gustav Lundberg, Swedish painter
• 1793: Karl Abraham baron von Zedlitz, Prussian Minister, 1764 president of the government
• 1799: Adam Friedrich Oeser, German painterand sculptors
• 1809: Karoline Kaulla, German Hoffaktorin and Unternehmerin
• 1824: Ferdinand Franz Wallraf, German Botaniker, mathematician, theologian, priest and art collecting tank
• 1829: Alexandre Théodore Victor de Lameth, French soldier and politician
• 1842: Luigi Cherubini, ItalianComposer
• 1852: Friedrich William Carové, German lawyer, Germanist and philosopher
• 1856: Sir Henry Pottinger, British colonial civil servant
• 1858: Franz Kugler, German poet
• 1865: Friedrich August Stüler, Prussian building master
• 1871: Augustus de Morgan, English mathematician
• 1871: George Gottfried Gervinus, German historian and national liberal politician
• 1876: Ferdinand Freiligrath, German poet, poet and translator
• 1890: Johann George Halske, German entrepreneur
• 1899: Othniel Charles march, US-American paleontologist
• 1903: Paul Flickel, German painter
• 1907: Marcellin Berthelot, French chemist and politician
• 1913: August Bebel, German social-democratic politician and joint founder of the SPD
• 1913: George I., King of Greece starting from 1863
• 1915: Otto Weddigen, German submarines commander
• 1916: Karl Gölsdorf, Austrian engineer and Lokomotiv technical designer
• 1923: Dock Windling, Danish musician
• 1936: Eleftherios Venizelos, prime minister of Greece
• 1938: Cyril Rootham, English composer
• 1939: Kenny lynch, British singer
• 1939: Travis Prichett, US-American singer
• 1941: Henri Cornet, French wheel running driver
• 1947: Barry Wilson, British musician
• 1947: William Durant, US-American automobile pioneer
• 1956: Louis Bromfield, US-American writer
• 1957: Emma Cotta, German sculptress
• 1962: Anneliese circulation Lamatsch, Austrian authoress
• 1964: Norbert Viennese, US-American mathematician
• 1965: Faruq, from 1936 to 1952 king of Egypt
• 1974: Hans Döllgast, German architect andCommercial artist
• 1977: Carlo Pace, Brazilian Formel-1-Rennfahrer
• 1977: Marien Ngouabi, president of the Republic of the Congo
• 1978: Leigh Brackett, Science Fiction author
• 1978: Maria Neubaum, German Lyrikerin and Dramatikerin
• 1980: Erich pious, German Psychoanalytiker, philosopherand social psychologist
• 1980: Tamara de Lempicka, Polish painter
• 1982: Otto Krayer, German physician and Pharmakologe
• 1982: Wassili Iwanowitsch Tschuikow, Soviet army general
• 1983: Bolko of arranging yards, German Prähistoriker
• 1983: Gerhard Desczyk,German politician and chief lector union of the publishing house Berlin
• 1983: Umberto II., Prince von Savoyen and last king of Italy
• 1989: Hermann Höcherl, German CSU politician
• 1991: Harsh ore Sandberg, German commercial artist and caricaturist
• 1994: William Bergsma, US-American composer
• 1994: Peter Borgelt, German TV and theatre actor
• 1994: Günter noon, member of the ZK of the SED
• 1996: Berne pool of broadcasting corporations Malamud, US-American painter
• 1996: Maxl count, German folk actor
• 1996: Odysseas Elytis, Greek poet
• 1997: Vladimir lime tree mountain, russischstämmiger physician
• 2000: Eberhard Bethge, German Evangelist theologian
• 2001: John Phillips, US-amerikanischer joint founder of the group of The mummies and the dads
• 2002: Gösta Winbergh, singer
• 2002: Maud Farris Luse, with 115 years and 56 days the then oldest woman of the world
• 2002: R. A. Lafferty, US-American SF and Fantasy writers
• 2003: Adam Osborne, British inventor of the laptop
• 2003: To Karl sound, German automobile running driver
• 2006: Heinz Hess, German entrepreneur
• 2006: Ernst Schubert, German historian

of celebration and anniversaries

• international day of the assistance for the political prisoners (from 1923 to 1933)
• country wide action day for the libertythe political prisoners (since 1996)
• church anniversaries
  • Hl. Kyrill of Jerusalem, bishop, church teacher (catholic, Evangelist, anglikanisch, orthodox)

see also: Historical anniversaries, time scale