1811

events

politics

• 25. March: Napoléon Bonaparte arranges the cultivation of sugar beets , because by its continental barrier opposite England tubing sugar imported goods made of west India are missing. In Europe the sugar industry develops.
• 3. April: In the battle of Sabugal English and native troops succeed and force the napoleonische invasion army finally to leaving Portugal.
• 15. May: Paraguay receives the independence from Spain
• to 18. Defeat May the inhabitants of Uruguay under José Gervasio Artigas, the later national hero, with read Piedras crucially the Spanish colonial power
• 5. July: Venezuela becomes independently
• 2. September: Abolition of the Obligation to join a guild by edict to the freedom of trade in Prussia by state States of Karl August von Hardenberg
• 16. December: Earthquake of unknown quantity strength in Arkansas and new Madrid, Missouri, the USA. The number of the victims is not admits
• the Alma mould Viadrina in Frankfurt (or) Friedrich Ludwig Jahn
• closes its gates open in Berlin in the hare heath the first turn place
• the Kruppwerke by Friedrich Krupp with the establishment of a gussstahlwerks in meals is based
• the first Freiwillige fire-brigade of Germany (at that time still propertythe king) in Saarlouis one bases.

science

• 24. May: Heinrich Cotta opens its private forest institute, which is raised 1816 to the national academy of forestry and world validity attained in Tharandt.
• The cutter by Ulm (Albrecht Ludwig Berblinger)falls with the attempt to cross the Danube with tinkered gliding flight things in the water
• Amadeo Avogadro sets up the assumption that ideal gases must be diatomic (in journal de Physique 73 (1811), 58)
• to George von Reichenbach invents the thread distance meter, a direction finder
• Friedrich Mohs places ten-level hardness scale for minerals on
• Johann George Heine leads Druckverband in the medicine

to culture

• 29. January: Premiere of the opera Demophoon of Peter Joseph von Lindpaintner in Munich
• 27. February: Premiere thatOpera La Victime kind ou of the La Fête de famille of Henri Montan Berton at the Opéra Comique in Paris
• 26. October: Premiere of the opera L'Equivoco stravagante from Gioacchino Rossini at the Teatro dal Corso in Bologna

• the novel „scythe andSensibility “(„reason and feeling “) of the English authoress Jane Austen appears

born

• 3. January: Franz of Rinecker, physician († 1883)
• 16. January: Johann Dzierzon, schlesischer priest and natural scientist († 1906)
• 17. January: Joshua Norton, Norton I, emperor of the United States and protector of Mexico († 1880)
• 22. January: God-dear Friedrich Alexandrowitsch of Glasenapp, imperially Russian admiral and member of the realm advice († 1892)
• 27. January: Ernst Dieffenbach, Mediziner and Geologe († 1855)
• 3. February: Horace Greeley, US-American newspaper publisher and politician († 1872)
• 4. February: Aristide Cavaillé Coll, French organ farmer of the romance († 1899)
• 13. February: François Achille Bazaine, Marshal of France († 1888)
• 14. February: Domingo Faustino Sarmiento, president of Argentina († 1888)
• 20. February: Henry Hastings Sibley, US-American politician († 1891)
• 24. February: Friedrich Daniel Bassermann, entrepreneurand politicians († 1855)
• 3. March: Bernhard Wolff, Gründer of the citizens of Berlin national newspaper († 1879)
• 3. March: Hugo of guessing gene, German architect († 1889)
• 4. March: Adolf Siemens, Artillerist († 1887)
• 9. March: Ernst Hähnel, sculptor, academy professor († 1891)
• 11. March: Urbain Le Verrier, French mathematician and astronomer († 1877)
• 17. March: Karl Gutzkow, German writer and publisher († 1878)
• 19. March: To Josef sound, German problem chess composer († 1876)
• 20. March: Franz duke of realm city, descendant Napoléon Bonapartes († 1832)
• 20. March: Otto Kohlrausch, Arzt († 1854)
• 23. March: Karl Gottfried William deaf ore, German composer († 1891)
• 24. March: Fanny Lewald, German authoress († 1889)
• 28. March: Johannes Nepomuk Neumann, bishop of Philadelphia († 1860)
• 30. March: Robert William Bunsen, German chemist († 1899)
• 1. April: Johann Heinrich Runge, German master of building of organs († 1885)
• 7. April: Franz Joseph Rudigier, catholic bishop of the Diözese Linz († 1884)
• 19. April: Heinrich of Drasche Wartinberg, owner of the brick company WienerbergerAG († 1880)
• 22. April: Ludwig Otto Hessian, German mathematician († 1874)
• 26. April: Hugo Henckel of Donnersmarck, branch of the family Henckel of Donnersmarck († 1890)
• 4. May: Heinrich army car, rectorthe Nürnberger of High School and restaurant historian († 1888)
• 11. May: Jean Jacques Challet Venel, Swiss politician († 1893)
• 20. May: Ernst Methfessel, German composer († 1886)
• 20. May: Ernst von Waldthausen, German buyer († 1883)
• 30. May: Wissarion Grigorjewitsch Belinski, Russian literary critic, journalist, linguist and philosopher († 1848)
• 4. June: Eduard George Schröter, German Evangelist theologian († 1888)
• 7. June: James Young Simpson, Scottish physician(† 1870)
• 13. June: Fredrik Ferdinand Carlson, Swedish historian († 1887)
• 14. June: Harriet Beecher Stowe, US-American authoress, Gegenerin of the slavery († 1896)
• 16. June: Josef Körösi, Austria-Hungarian Industrieller († 1868)
• 17. June: Jón Sigurðsson, second president of Iceland († 1879)
• 22. June: Karl Rudolf of Ollech, Prussian general († 1884)
• 28. June: George von Adelmann, German physician († 1888)
• 10. July: Jakob Eisendle, south animal oilers farmer, mechanic and inventor († 1888)
• 11. July: Johann George von Hahn, Austrian diplomat and Albanologe († 1869)
• 11. July: William Grove, lawyer and scientist († 1896)
• 13. July: George Gilbert Scott, English architect (neo-gothic style) († 1878)
• 16. July: Benjamin Franklin Baker, US-American composer († 1889)
• 16. July: Raphael Christian, sculptor († 1880)
• 18. July: Karl Ludwig von Littrow, German astronomer († 1877)
• 18. July: William Makepeace Thackeray, English writer († 1863)
• 19. July: Vinzenz Lachner, German composer and conductor († 1893)
• 20. July: James Bruce, 8. Earl OF Elgin, British colonial civil servant and diplomat († 1863)
• 30. July: Franz bulkhead, German music publisher and Mainzer mayor († 1874)
• 5. August: Ambroise Thomas, French composer († 1896)
• 8. August: Carl Otto Dammers,German lawyer and politician († 1860)
• 23. August: Augusts Bravais, French physicist and joint founder of crystallography († 1863)
• 30. August: Théophile gau animal, French poet, storyteller and critic († 1872)
• 4. September: Ludwig Mueller Uri, German glass artist († 1888)
• 5. September: Karl von Beaulieu Marconnay, Diplomat, Schriftsteller and Kulturhistoriker († 1889)
• 7. September: Karl Anton of Hohenzollern Sigmaringen, German aristocrats († 1885)
• 9. September: Joseph Kleutgen, catholic theologian († 1883)
• 11. September: Ludwig of the Pfordten, Bavarian and Saxonian right scientist and politician († 1880)
• 13. September: Emanuel Félix de Wimpffen, French general († 1884)
• 13. September: Friedrich building-bake, German writer and theologian († 1836)
• 15. September: Charles de Morny, French politician († 1865)
• 17. September: August Theodor Blanche, Swedish writer († 1868)
• 25. September: Ludwig Scabell,Founder of the citizens of Berlin fire-brigade († 1885)
• 28. September: Friedrich Hecker, revolutionary of Baden of the March revolution († 1881)
• 30. September: Augusta of Saxonia Weimar iron oh, as a wife of emperor Wilhelm I. German empress and queen of Prussia († 1890)
• 8. October: Philipp Heinrich Bethmann, German entrepreneur and banker († 1877)
• 20. October: Franz baron von Uchatius, Austrian general of the artillery and weapon technician († 1881)
• 22. October: Franz Liszt, HungarianPianist and composer († 1886)
• 24. October: Ferdinand Hiller, German composer († 1885)
• 25. October: Carl morning star, German landscape painter († 1893)
• 25. October: Evariste Galois, French mathematician († 1832)
• 27. October: Isaac Merrit Singer, US-American entrepreneur and inventor († 1875)
• 29. October: Adalbert of Prussia, Prussian prince († 1873)
• 29. October: Of Louis blank, French socialist († 1882)
• 7. November: Karel Jaromír inheriting, Czech poet and historian († 1870)
• 8. November: Friedrich heated, architect († 1881)
• 10. November: Louis Kufferath, German composer († 1882)
• 13. November: Juri Karlowitsch Arnold, RussianComposer († 1898)
• 16. November: John Bright, British politician († 1889)
• 20. November: Ernst Merck, Unternehmer, Politiker († 1863)
• 21. November: Zeng Guofan, Chinese civil servant († 1872)
• 24. November: Ulrich ox leg, Swiss politician († 1890)
• 26. November: Alexander count Hübner, Austrian diplomat († 1892)
• 28. November: Maximilian II., King of Bavaria († 1864)
• 29. November: Wendell Phillips, US-amerikanischer Abolitionistand politicians († 1884)
• 3. December: Eduard Bendemann, German painter († 1864)
• 16. December: Karl von Enhuber, Maler († 1867)
• 22. December: Ludwig Philippson, German writer and Rabbiner († 1889)
• 25. December: William Emmanuel of Ketteler, bishop of Mainz († 1877)
• 31. December: Otto Heinrich Leopold Plathner, German lawyer and politician († 1884)

• October: Alexander Bain (Uhrmacher), Scottish inventor († 1877)

died

• 1. January: Franziska of high home, morganatische, second wife duke Karl Eugens of Württemberg (* 1748)
• 8. January: Friedrich Nicolai, daughter of the royal body physician Prof (* 1733)
• 10. January: Marie Joseph Chénier, French poet, poet and dramatist (* 1764)
• 3. February: Johann Beckmann, farmer and technologist (* 1739)
• 25. February: Andreas Merian Iselin, representative of the Basler Gegenrevolution (* 1742)
• 27. February: Joseph Ignaz Leitgeb, Bugler (* 1732)
• 13. March: Franz Paul von Herbert, Kunstmäzen (* 1759)
• 14. March: Augustus Henry Fitzroy, 3. Duke OF count clay/tone, British prime minister (* 1735)
• 19. March: František Adam Míča,Czech composer (* 1746)
• 17. April: Johann Heinrich school, German entrepreneur, Kattunfabrikant (* 1720)
• 5. May: Robert Mylne, Scottish architect
• 10. June: Karl Friedrich (bathe), Grand Duke of bathing (* 1728)
• 3. July: William Chalmers, Swedish director of the Swedish east India company (* 1748)
• 8. July: Engelbert Klüpfel, theologian (* 1733)
• 23. July: William René de l'Homme de Courbière, Prussian general (* 1733)
• 28. July: Heinrich Joseph of Collin, writer (* 1771)
• 30. July: Miguel Hidalgo, Mexican priest and revolutionary (* 1753)
• 12. August: John Acton, Italian politician and military of English descent (* 1736)
• 18. August: Johann Heinrich Zang, baroque composer (* 1733)
• 20. August: Moses le thing, upper yard agent and banking house founder in Kassel
• 31. August: Louis Antoine de Bougainville, French sailor and writer (* 1729)
• 8. September: Peter Simon Pallas, German natural scientist and geographer (* 1741)
• 11. October: Johann Conrad Ammann, Swiss physician, material assets and art collecting tank (* 1724)
• 31. October: Christian God-help salt man, paedagogue (* 1744)
• 2. November: Adam Moralt, German musician (* 1748)
• 21. November: Henriette bird, loved Heinrich of Kleists (* 1773)
• 21. November: Heinrich of Kleist, Prussian dramatist, storyteller, poet and journalist