1874

of events

see also: List of the heads of state 1874

• 23. January: The Prussian federal state parliament passes the law over the mandatoryCivil marriage. Afterwards also a divorce is possible
• for 18. March: Hawaii signs a trade agreement with the USA, which exclusive commercial laws grants
• 19. April: Total revision of Swiss Federal Constitution
• 2. August: Thousand-anniversary of the settlement of Iceland
• 1. October - inFramework of the culture fight is introduced to Prussia by creation of the national register office the mandatory civil marriage
• 17. November: With by a fire on board released fall of the British emigrant ship Cosapatrick in the south Atlantic 472 humans lose their life, five survivors,from those two after the rescue die, after ten days are saved, after they kept by cannibalism alive
• to 24. November - the American Joseph Firwall Glidden announces the Stacheldraht invented by it to the patent.

• First synthesizingof Diacetylmorphin (heroin) from morphine and acetic anhydrid by C. R. A. WRIGHT, exact date unknown

culture

• 8. February: Premiere of the opera Boris Godunow of Modest Petrowitsch mash ensuring ski at the yard opera in sank Petersburg
• 27. March: Premiere of the first version of the opera two widows of Bedřich Smetana in Prague
• 24. April: Premiere of the opera of the bodyguards (Orig.: Opritschnik) of Pjotr Iljitsch Tschaikowski at the yard opera in sank Petersburg
• 2. May: Karl May will dismiss forest home from the penintentiary, where he served a detention because of Landstreicherei.
• 20. May: Premiere of the opera Brankovics György of Ferenc Erkel in Budapest
• 11. October: Premiere of the amusing opera of the Widerspenstigen Zähmung of Hermann Goetz in Mannheim
• 20. October: Premiere of the second version of the opera two widows of Bedřich Smetana in Prague
• establishment museum for art and trade in Hamburg
• opening of the runway (railroad line)
• establishment of the Pfalzgalerie Kaiserslautern
• opening of the walterKind museum in Baltimore in the US Federal State Maryland.

born

• 1. January: Gustav white head, German-American pioneer of powered flight († 1927)
• 4. January: Josef Suk, Czech composer, († 1935)
• 4. January: Svend Fleuron, Danish writer († 1966)
• 5. January: Joseph Erlanger, US-American neuro physiologist and Nobelpreisträger († 1965)
• 6. January: Fred Niblo, US-American film director († 1948)
• 8. January: Elizabeth Marie Augusts von Bayern, princessfrom Bavaria to 1918 († 1957)
• 13. January: Jozef Ernest van Roey, Erzbischof von Mechelen and Kardinal († 1961)
• 16. January: Robert W. Service, Canadian poet and November cunning († 1958)
• 19. January: Bruno Paul, Architekt and Kunsthandwerker († 1968)
• 19. January: Hitachiyama Taniemon, Japanese Sumōringer and 19. Yokozuna († 1922)
• 20. January: Karl home, German Protestant theologian († 1958)
• 20. January: Steve Bloomer, English football player († 1938)
• 21. January: Johannes Warns, Evangelist theologian († 1937)
• 21. January: René Louis Baire, French mathematician († 1932)
• 22. January: Vincenzo Lapuma, cardinal of the Roman-catholic church († 1943)
• 22. January: Wincenty Witos, Polish politician († 1945)
• 25. January: William Somerset Maugham, English dramatist, and writer († 1965)
• 28. January: James Larkin, leader of the Irish trade union union († 1947)
• 29. January: John D. Rockefeller II., Philanthropist († 1960)
• 31. January: Theodor Mollison, German Anthropologe († 1952)
• 1. February: Hugo of Hofmannsthal, Austrian poet and writer († 1929)
• 3. February: Emīlis Melngailis, lettischer composer († 1954)
• 3. February: Gertrude stone, US-American authoress († 1946)
• 4. February: Eduard Kohlrausch, Jurist († 1948)
• 4. February: Johannes Gronowski, German politician († 1958)
• 8. February: Otto Glöckel, politician and Schulreformer of the first republic in Austria († 1935)
• 9. February: Amy Lowell, US-American Dichterin († 1925)
• 9. February: Wsewolod Emiljewitsch Meyerhold, Russian director and actor († 1940)
• 11. February: Elsa Beskow, Swedish child book authoress, painter and Illustratorin († 1953)
• 11. February: Fritz hard, English composer († 1949)
• 12. February: Heinrich Albert (politician), German politician and the last realm treasure Minister(† 1960)
• 15. February: Ernest Henry Shackleton, British polar researcher († 1922)
• 20. February: Otto Lauffer, German Volkskundler and culture historian († 1949)
• 28. February: Johannes Ude, Roman-catholic priest († 1965)
• 2. March: Carl bad, Austrian chess player († 1918)
• 3. March: Karl sharp mountain, German railway engineer († 1938)
• 6. March: Nikolai Alexandrowitsch Berdjajew, Russian philosopher († 1948)
• 7. March: Luigi Lavitrano,Archbishop of Palermo and cardinal of the Roman-catholic church († 1950)
• 9. March: Karl Foerster, German gardner, Staudenzüchter and writer († 1970)
• 13. March: Ellery Clark, US-amerikanierscher athlete († 1949)
• 18. March: Bertha servants, Austrian authoress and travel lady journalist († 1948)
• 20. March: Börries of Muenchhausen, German writer († 1945)
• 21. March: Alfreds Tysoe, British athlete and olympia winner († 1901)
• 23. March: Grantley Goulding, Athlete and Teilnehmeder of the first olympic summer games
• 23. March: Marie tree, social politician of the Weimar Republic († 1964)
• 24. March: Harry Houdini, Austrian-US-American Magier († 1926)
• 26. March: Elizabeth Altmann Gottheiner, university teacher andFrauenrechtlerin († 1930)
• 26. March: Oskar Nedbal, böhmischer composer and conductor († 1930)
• 26. March: Robert frost, US-American poet and and Pulitzerpreisträger († 1963)
• 28. March: Gustaf nail, German Sonderling andWanderprediger († 1952)
• 31. March: Henri Marteau, French-German Violinist and composer († 1934)
• 2. April: Franc Elmore Ross, US-American astronomer and physicist († 1960)
• 2. April: Josef Schmitt, lawyer and politician(† 1939)
• 7. April: Friedrich Kayssler, German writer († 1945)
• 12. April: Otto houses (history), Swiss of Vorgeschichtsfor († 1932)
• 15. April: George Harrison Shull, US-American Botaniker and Pflanzengenetiker († 1954)
• 15. April: Johannes strong, German physicist, Nobelpreisesträger († 1957)
• 15. April: Karl Ernst Osthaus, Kunstmäzen, Planer and Gestalter († 1921)
• 19. April: Ernst Ruedin, Schweizer physician, psychiatrist and race public health specialist († 1952)
• 25. April: Guglielmo Marconi, Italian pioneer of wireless telecommunications († 1937)
• 26. April: Franz field house, German electrical engineer and scientific writer († 1957)
• 27. April: Rudolf Linnemann, architect, interior decoration and glass painter († 1916)
• 28. April: Karl Kraus, Austrian writer and Satiriker († 1936)
• 2. May: Hugo Eberhardt, German architect († 1959)
• 4. May: Bernhard Hoetger, German sculptor, painter and craftsman († 1949)
• 7. May: Ilmari Kianto, Finnish writer († 1970)
• 8. May: Inessa arm and, French revolution airs († 1920)
• 9. May: Howard Carter, British archaeologist († 1939)
• 11. May: Einar Jónsson, sculptorfrom Iceland († 1954)
• 13. May: Emil fox, German theologian († 1971)
• 15. May: Adolf tree brook, German right scientist († 1945)
• 15. May: Smelling pool of broadcasting corporations Schirrmann, founder of the German youth harsh suppl. work († 1961)
• 20. May: Raoul Heinrich Francé, Austrian Bioniker and nature philosopher († 1943)
• 21. May: Franz Brozincevic, truck manufacturer († 1933)
• 22. May: Anton dump mountain, German publisher († 1950)
• 22. May: Erhard Auer, first Minister of the Interior of the Free State of Bavaria († 1945)
• 24. May: Hermann Duncker, German politician and union official († 1960)
• 25. May: Abraham Oyanedel Urrutia, Chilean politician
• 26. May: Henri Farman, French aviation pioneer († 1958)
• 27. May: Ferdinand doing mountain, German landscape gardner († 1949)
• 27. May: Smelling pool of broadcasting corporations von Schaukal, Austrian poet († 1942)
• 29. May: Gilbert Keith Chesterton, English writer († 1936)
• 2. June: Ludwig Roselius, coffee buyer, Mäzen († 1943)
• 4. June: Max Dvořák, Austrian art historian († 1921)
• 6. June: Nicola Canali, cardinal of the Roman-catholic church († 1961)
• 10. June: Ernst Haiger, German architect(† 1952)
• 17. June: Max masonry crushers, German theologian, journalist and politician († 1930)
• 22. June: Viggo Jensen, Danish Gewichtheber, contactor and athlete († 1930)
• 30. June: Fritz Brupbacher, libertärer socialist († 1945)
• 30. June: Paul Pierné, French composer († 1952)
• 5. July: Eugen Fischer, German Anthropologe and race public health specialist († 1967)
• 7. July: André Jolles, Netherlands literature scientist († 1946)
• 7. July: Erwin Bumke, president of the realm court († 1945)
• 9. July: Heinrich Deist (senior), politician and Prime Minister of the Free State notion († 1963)
• 12. July: Elsa of Freytag Loringhoven, artist of the Dadaismus († 1927)
• 13. July: George Schätzel, German politician († 1934)
• 13. July: Ludwig Gruber, composer, singer, writer and conductor († 1964)
• 14. July: Abbas II. (Egypt), last Khedive (Turkish viceroy) of Egypt († 1944)
• 15. July: Enrico Dassetto, Swiss composer and conductor († 1971)
• 15. July: William of Scholz, German writer and dramatist († 1969)
• 18. July: Cathal Brugha, revolutionary and first chairmen of the Irish House of Commons(† 1922)
• 18. July: Otto hear-sing, German politician († 1937)
• 19. July: Jörg Lanz of love rock, priest and medal member († 1954)
• 24. July: Oswald Chambers, Scottish Baptistenprediger († 1917)
• 28. July: Ernst Cassirer, German philosopher († 1945)
• 28. July: Joaquín Torres García, Uruguayani painter († 1949)
• 29. July: August Stramm, German poet and dramatist († 1915)
• 3. August: Fritz Rehn, first president of the people's court († 1934)
• 7. August: André Jolles, Netherlands literature scientist († 1946)
• 9. August: Reynaldo cock, French composer († 1947)
• 10. August: Antanas Smetona, first presidentthe Republic of Lithuania († 1944)
• 10. August: Harsh ore C. Hoover, US-American politician, 31. President of the USA († 1964)
• 11. August: William shots, German writer († 1956)
• 14. August: Fritz Travers, mayorof Wiesbaden († 1929)
• 15. August: Dan Bain, Canadian ice hockey player († 1962)
• 21. August: Gustav gets, British composer († 1934)
• 22. August: Edward Bairstow, English organist, paedagogue, composer, choir leader and conductor(† 1946)
• 22. August: Max Scheler, German philosopher and sociologist († 1928)
• 27. August: Carl Bosch, German chemist, Industrieller and Nobelpreisträger († 1940)
• 29. August: Express hard Alfred Mitscherlich, German Bodenkundler andAgrarian scientist († 1956)
• 31. August: Edward Lee Thorndike, US-American psychologist († 1949)
• 1. September: Gertrud citizen Laurenz, German painter († 1936)
• 8. September: Friedrich soil compactor, journalist († 1957)
• 11. September: Franjo Dugan, Croatian composer († 1948)
• 13. September: Arnold beautiful mountain, Austrian composer († 1951)
• 16. September: Heinrich Konen, German politician († 1948)
• 18. September: Johannes anchor Larsen, Danish writer († 1957)
• 19. September: William Wenker, minister of pc. Hippolytus in gel church refuge († 1956)
• 21. September: Karl Jarres, German politician, mayor of Duisburg († 1951)
• 23. September: Ernst Streeruwitz, Austrian officer, industrial managerand politicians († 1952)
• 24. September: Briefly Doerry, German athlete and olympia participant († 1947)
• 24. September: Ludwig Diels, German Botaniker († 1945)
• 25. September: George Metz village, architect († 1934)
• 30. September: Johannes fox (realm Minister), German lawyer and politician († 1956)
• 3. October: Emerenz Meier, German authoress († 1928)
• 5. October: Alfred Angas Scott, English engineer and businessman († 1923)
• 8. October: Else of arranging yards, German Sozialwissenschaftlerin († 1973)
• 9. October: Nicholas Roerich, Russian painter and writer († 1947)
• 15. October: Alfred, hereditary prince von Saxonia Coburg and Gotha, hereditary prince and successor to the throne of the double duchy(† 1899)
• 15. October: Selma short, German opera singer († 1933)
• 16. October: Otto Mueller, German painter of the expressionism († 1930)
• 17. October: Ludwig filter ore, German politician; Bavarian Prime Minister of 1933-1942 († 1942)
• 20. October: Charles Ives, US-American composer of classical music († 1954)
• 21. October: Albert Aftalion, French economist and economic situation theoretician († 1956)
• 21. October: Henri Guisan, Swiss general († 1960)
• 23. October: Otto Rühle, communist politician and writer († 1943)
• 26. October: Thomas Lowry, English chemist († 1936)
• 28. October: Fran Ksaver Meško, Slovenian catholic priest and writer († 1964)
• 1. November: Karl Albert Hasselbalch, Danish physicist and chemist († 1962)
• 2. November: Rudolf broad-separate, German politician († 1944)
• 4. November: Karl Oberle, Dekan of the Dekanates Alzey († 1942)
• 9. November: Julio Romero de Torres, Spanish painter († 1930)
• 11. November: Henriette Arendt, first German police woman († 1922)
• 13. November: Marguerite Long, French Pianistin († 1966)
• 13. November: William Dittmann,German politician († 1954)
• 14. November: Johann Schober, Austrian lawyer, civil servant and politician († 1932)
• 15. November: Schack August Steenberg Krogh, Danish physician and zoologist († 1949)
• 16. November: Alexander Wassiljewitsch Koltschak, Russian admiral († 1920)
• 16. November: Leopold goat leg, Kommodore north Germans of the Lloyd († 1950)
• 20. November: Charles Ives, US-American composer († 1954)
• 23. November: Theodore Lyman, US-American physicist († 1954)
• 26. November: Edmond Fleg, French writer († 1963)
• 26. November: Konrad Hustaedt, German homeland researcher, art historian and public curator († 1948)
• 27. November: Chaim Weizmann, first president of Israel († 1952)
• 27. November: Ildefons Herwegen, monk and historian († 1946)
• 27. November: Johannes Baumann, Schweizer politician and Federal President († 1953)
• 28. November: Hans Sachs, realm tag delegate († 1947)
• 29. November: António Caetano de AbreuFreire Egas Moniz, Portuguese neurologist and Nobelpreisträger († 1955)
• 29. November: William Münker, joint founder of the German youth harsh suppl. work, Naturschützer († 1970)
• 30. November: Friedrich Hasenöhrl, Austrian physicist († 1915)
• 30. November: LucyMaud Montgomery, Canadian authoress († 1942)
• 30. November: Vienna clay/tone Churchill, British prime minister († 1965)
• 6. December: Ascan Lutteroth (lawyer), German Landgerichtsdirektor († 1960)
• 8. December: Ernst Moro (physician), professor forChild medicine († 1905)
• 11. December: Paul Wegener, German actor and director († 1948)
• 13. December: Ludwig Michael Curtius, German archaeologist and art historian († 1954)
• 14. December: Adam Stegerwald, joint founder of the ChristianTrade unions in Germany († 1945)
• 16. December: Johann Michael bad pool of broadcasting corporations, Swiss artist († 1950)
• 19. December: Adolph Ernst Knoch, Autor of theological writings and Bible publishers († 1965)
• 21. December: Tadeusz Boy Żeleński, PolishMore closely († 1941)
• 22. December: Franz Schmidt, composer († 1939)
• 26. December: Frederic of rose mountain, German politician and minister of foreign affairs († 1937)
• 26. December: Normann Lane Angell, British writer and politician († 1967)
• 26. December: Ralph Norman Angell Lane, British writer and journalist, Nobel peace prize carrier († 1967)
• 26. December: Rose glean, Professorin for Botanik († 1970)
• 28. December: Max Huber, Swiss lawyer, president of the international one Committee of the red cross († 1960)
• 30. December: Alfreds Nissle, German physician and scientist († 1965)

died

• 13. January: Victor Baltard, French architect (* 1805)
• 14. January: Philipp rice, German teacher and inventor (* 1834)
• 17. January: Chang and closely shelter, siamesische twins (* 1811)
• 18. January: Friedrich William Rembert of mountain, Russian field marshal (* 1790)
• 19. January: August HeinrichHoffmann von Fallersleben, Verfasser of the song of the Germans (* 1798)
• 31. January: Enno William Hektor, author of socialcritical books, of poems and plays (* 1820)
• 3. February: John Prince Smith, political economist and Manchester liberal in Germany(* 1809)
• 5. February: Moritz head, classical Philologe and Germanist (* 1808)
• 8. February: David Friedrich bunch, German writer, philosopher and theologian (* 1808)
• 9. February: Jules Michelet, French historian (* 1798)
• 17. February: Adolphe Quetelet, Belgian mathematician, statistician and astronomer (* 1796)
• 8. March: Millard Fillmore, 13. President of the USA (* 1800)
• 14. March: Johann Heinrich of Mädler, German astronomer (* 1794)
• 16. March: Heinrich Schaumberger, German poet and storyteller (* 1843)
• 20. March: Hans's Christian Lumbye, Danish composer (* 1810)
• 22. March: Smelling pool of broadcasting corporations burner, German Africa researcher (* 1833)
• 28. March: Peter Andreas Hansen, astronomer (* 1795)
• 30. March: Carl Julian of Graba, royally Danish senior counsel (* 1799)
• 7. April: William of Kaulbach, German painter (* 1804)
• 10. April: Heinrich ofKittlitz, Ornithologe, natural scientist, traveler, draughtsman (* 1799)
• 17. April: Eugen of Puttkamer, German lawyer (* 1800)
• 20. April: Gustav Blaeser, German sculptor (* 1813)
• 1. May: Niccolò Tommaseo, Italian writer(* 1802)
• 1. May: Vilém Blodek, Czech composer (* 1834)
• 31. May: Felician Martin of Zaremba, Russian diplomat, Prediger and Missionar (* 1794)
• 1. June: Rudolf Usinger, German historical researcher (* 1835)
• 14. June: Franz Stelzhamer, Austrian poet and Novellist (* 1802)
• 20. June: Karl Heinrich Edmund von Berg, Forstmann and Lehrer (* 1800)
• 21. June: Differently Jonas Ångström, Swedish astronomer and physicist(* 1814)
• 22. June: Howard being astonished clay/tone, chess player, - journalist and Shakespeare researcher (* 1810)
• 12. July: Fritz Reuter, down-German writer (* 1810)
• 19. July: Napoléon Lannes de Montebello, French statesman and diplomat (* 1801)
• 4. August: Ludwig Otto Hessian, German mathematician (* 1811)
• 10. August: All Ramsay, British painter (* 1713)
• 4. September: Alfred de Bougy, French writer (* 1814)
• 23. October: Abraham violonist, member of the Jewish reform movement (* 1810)
• 26. October: Peter Cornelius, German composer (* 1824)
• 7. December: Konstantin of table village, German researcher (* 1815)
• 23. December: Friedrich bridge-brew, GermanWriter and translator (* 1792)
• 27. December: Ernst Litfass, German printer and inventor (advertising pillar) (* 1816)
• 29. December: August Hergenhahn, German politician, Prime Minister of the duchy Nassau (* 1804)

heads of state

Europe

• Portugal: Ludwig I., King of Portugal, (1861 - 1889)
• Switzerland: Karl give, Federal President of Switzerland, (1874)

politics

1874 emergence of the socialist law