1884

events

see also: List of the heads of state 1884

• 14. March: In Paris one becomes with the Telegrafenkongressinternational convention for the protection of the submarine cables agrees.
• 27. March: The three-emperor federation is extended regardless of the tensions between Austria Hungary and Russia.
• 24. April: The German Reich places the loading cutting bay including hinterland under its protection, that is the beginningthe colony German southwest Africa.
• 9. June: Grundsteinlegung of the realm tag building in Berlin by William, the later William II.
• 5. July: Togo becomes under co-operation of Gustav Nachtigal German protected area.
• 14. July: Cameroon becomes German protected area.
• 7. August:The warships Leipzig and Elizabeth take the colony southwest Africa for the German Reich in possession 16 in the bay of Angra
• Pequena. September: Opening of the Lössnitzgrundbahn as 3. Saxonian narrow-gauge railway
• 13. October: The international Meridian conference in Washinghton,DC falls a resolution over the time belts. The Meridian of Greenwich becomes international Nullmeridian
• 10. November: The buyer Carl Peter arrives on Sansibar and begins protection contracts to close, from which German East Africa develops.
• 15. November: It beginsthe citizens of Berlin the conference of Congo, at their end the allocation of Africa into colonial territories world exhibition

• stands in new Orleans, Louis IANA
• rebellion of the Métis against the Canadian government
• Ludwig Boltzmann justifies the law over the total radiating power (Stefan Boltzmann law, found by Josef Stefan, see 1879)
• in new market in the Upper Palatinate the first bicycle factory of Europe one bases: „The express works “

culture

• 25. January: Premiere of the Operette Gasparone of Karl Millöcker at the theatre at that Vienna in Vienna
• 31. January: Premiere of the opera Pedro de Zalaméa von Benjamin Godard at the Théâtre Royal in Antwerp
• 15. February: Premiere of the opera Maseppa of Pjotr Iljitsch Tschaikowski at the Bolschoi theatre in Moscow
• 31. May: Premiere of the opera Le Villi of Giacomo Puccini at the Teatro Dal Verme in Milan
• 31. October: Premiere of the Operette of the Feldprediger of Karl Millöcker at the theatre at that Vienna in Vienna

• Mark of Twain writes The Adventures OF Huckleberry Finn
• Edwin Abbott Abbott writes Flatland

born

• 2. January: Augusts Piccard, Swiss scientists, physicist and inventor († 1962)
• 3. January: IDA wild, actress († 1958)
• 3. January: Rudolf Koppitz, photographer († 1936)
• 4. January: Max Brose, buyer and Industrieller († 1968)
• 8. January: Viktor Geramb, Austrian Volkskundler († 1958)
• 10. January: Theodor Kärner, German Porzellanbildner and animal sculptor († 1966)
• 12. January: Bernhard Fischer Schweder, Polizeichefof Tilsit, mass murderer († 1960)
• 12. January: Konrat Ziegler, classical Philologe († 1974)
• 12. January: Paul Hunder, German football national player († 1948)
• 15. January: Erwin Jacobi, German State of and Kirchenrechtler († 1965)
• 16. January: Alfred green forest, Austrian Operettenlibrettist († 1951)
• 16. January: Frederick Dewhurst Yates, English chess player († 1932)
• 16. January: Jules Supervielle, poet, author of stage works and Kurzgeschichten († 1960)
• 19. January: Adalbert Defner, Austrian landscape photographer († 1969)
• 20. January: Jewgeni Iwanowitsch Samjatin, Russian revolutionary and writer († 1937)
• 21. January: Max Erwin of Scheubner judge, German diplomat and guidance figure of the NSDAP († 1923)
• 26. January: Edward Sapir, US-American Ethnologe and linguist († 1939)
• 28. January: Augusts Piccard, Swiss scientists, physicist and inventor († 1962)
• 31. January: Theodor Heuss, 1. Federal President of the FRG († 1963)
• 2. February: Julius German, Austrian politician († 1968)
• 7. February: Achille Liénart, bishop von Lille and Kardinal of the Roman-catholic church († 1973)
• 12. February: Max Beckmann, German painter and commercial artist(† 1950)
• 16. February: Robert J. Flaherty, film producer († 1951)
• 17. February: Reinier Beeuwkes, Netherlands football national player († 1963)
• 23. February: Casimir radio, Polish biochemist († 1967)
• 24. February: WilliamTheodore Heard, cardinal of the Roman-catholic church († 1973)
• 25. February: Franz Josef Heinz, Führer of the free peasantry († 1924)
• 26. February: Francesco Borgongini Duca, cardinal of the Roman-catholic church († 1954)
• 1. March: Erich Cohn, German chess player († 1918)
• 10. March: Franz bold, German lawyer, Sinologe and literary translator († 1961)
• 11. March: Lewi Pethrus, minister, initiator and director/conductor of the Pfingstbewegung in Sweden († 1974)
• 13. March: Hugh of whale poles, British writer († 1941)
• 13. March: Oskar Loerke, German poet of the expressionism († 1941)
• 15. March: Walter Thomas Layton, British newspaper publisher and political economist († 1966)
• 18. March: August Thalheimer, German philosopher and Marxist († 1948)
• 20. March: Eugen gentleman Mr., philosopher († 1955)
• 20. March: Philipp franc, philosopher, physicist and mathematician († 1966)
• 21. March: GeorgeDavid Birkhoff, US-American mathematician († 1944)
• 23. March: Else of dutchman Lossow, German translator and Erzählerin
• 24. March: Eugène Gabriel Gervais Laurent Tisserant, Kardinaldekan of the catholic church († 1972)
• 24. March: Paul Trendelenburg, German Pharmakologe († 1931)
• 24. March: Petrus Josephus Wilhelmus Debye, Netherlands physicist and chemist († 1966)
• 24. March: Viktor Geramb, steirischer Volkskundler († 1958)
• 25. March: Georges Imbert, chemist andInventor († 1950)
• 26. March: William baking house, German pianist († 1969)
• 28. March: Fritz tail ore, German politician and MdR († 1936)
• 1. April: Briefly Blaum, German politician († 1970)
• 2. April: Dolf Kessler, Netherlands football player
• 3. April: Arthur Erich Haas, Austrian physicist († 1941)
• 4. April: Isoroku Yamamoto, Japanese large admiral († 1943)
• 5. April: Hans Ewers, German politician († 1968)
• 6. April: Walter Huston, Canadian actor († 1950)
• 7. April: Bronislaw Malinowski, British Sozialanthropologe († 1942)
• 7. April: John Hutchinson, British Botaniker († 1972)
• 12. April: Otto FritzMeyerhof, German-American biochemist, Nobelpreisträger († 1951)
• 18. April: Ludwig Meidner, German painter, poet and commercial artist († 1966)
• 21. April: Kees van Nieuwenhuizen, Netherlands football player († 1981)
• 23. April: Jusztinián György Serédi, Archbishop of Esztergom and cardinal († 1945)
• 24. April: Otto Froitzheim, German tennis player († 1962)
• 27. April: Arthur Wieferich, German mathematician († 1954)
• 28. April: Emil rest, Swiss composer andConductor († 1946)
• 28. April: Stroke ore Giertz, priest and Offizial in the ore diocese Cologne
• 30. April: Walter George Karl Schröder, German writer († 1955)
• 1. May: Felipe Boero, Argentine composer († 1958)
• 2. May: Heinrich Steinbeck, Swiss composer and conductor († 1967)
• 8. May: Harry S. Truman, US-American politician, 33. President of the USA († 1972)
• 10. May: Roberto Firpo, Argentine Tango musician and - composer († 1969)
• 11. May: Charlot Strasser, Swiss psychiatrist and writer († 1950)
• 12. May: Josef Brönner, German politician († 1958)
• 14. May: Claude Dornier, German airplane technical designer († 1969)
• 15. May: Max one thaws, German architect († 1967)
• 18. May: Martin Native of Alsace, German architecture professor († 1957)
• 18. May: Pius Parsch, Augustinerchorherr and catholic theologian († 1954)
• 23. May: Josef Nadler, German Germanistand literature historians († 1963)
• 24. May: Benjamin Markowitsch field of flowers, Russian chess player († 1947)
• 27. May: Max Brod, Czech writer († 1968)
• 28. May: EDP pool of broadcasting corporations Beneš, Czech minister of foreign affairs and president († 1948)
• 2. June: Mia May, Austrian silent movie actress († 1980)
• 4. June: Fjodor Iwanowitsch Tolbuchin, Soviet field gentleman and marshal († 1949)
• 5. June: Bernhard Goetzke, German actor († 1964)
• 5. June: Ralph Benatzky, Austrian composer († 1957)
• 10. June: Roll ago writer, German politician († 1958)
• 13. June: Anton Drexler, joint founder of the German labour party (DAP) († 1942)
• 13. June: Burrill Crohn, physicianand the Erstbeschreiber of the disease Crohn († 1905)
• 13. June: Étienne Gilson, French philosopher († 1978)
• 13. June: Gerald Brousseau Gardner, witch master († 1964)
• 15. June: Harry Langdon, US-American actor († 1944)
• 17. June: Karl William (Sweden), duke of then the one country († 1965)
• 18. June: Édouard Daladier, French politician (portion of Radical Socialiste) († 1970)
• 19. June: Agnes of tooth Harnack, German teacher, authoress andFrauenrechtlerin († 1950)
• 20. June: Johannes Heinrich Schultz, German neurologist († 1970)
• 23. June: Werner Krauss, German actor († 1959)
• 25. June: William Diess, Bavarian storyteller, lawyer and theatre manager († 1957)
• 26. June: Peter Petersen (paedagogue), reform paedagogue († 1952)
• 30. June: Franz Halder, general of the German armed forces in 2. World war († 1972)
• 2. July: Alfons Maria Jakob, German neurologist († 1931)
• 3. July: Arnold Eucken, Physikochemiker († 1950)
• 4. July: Fritz ter seas, German chemist († 1967)
• 5. July: August Siemsen, politician and paedagogue († 1958)
• 6. July: Willem Marinus Dudok, Architect from the Netherlands († 1974)
• 7. July: Lion Feuchtwanger, German writer († 1958)
• 12. July: Amedeo Modigliani, Italian painter and sculptor († 1920)
• 15. July: Enrique Soro Barriga, ChileanComposer († 1954)
• 15. July: Phraya one Grandpa grain Nititada, first prime minister of Thailand († 1948)
• 17. July: Boris Wladimirowitsch Assafjew, Russian composer († 1949)
• 17. July: Walter von Keudell, German politician, realm Minister(† 1973)
• 18. July: Alberto di Joric, Kardinal of the Roman-catholic church († 1979)
• 18. July: Herman Jurgens, Netherlands football player († 1964)
• 19. July: Carl Eduard (Saxonia Coburg Gotha), duke of Saxonia Coburg and Gotha(† 1954)
• 23. July: Emil Jannings, German actor († 1950)
• 24. July: Jakob sprinkler (LV politician), National Socialist politician († 1945)
• 27. July: Ernst Bertram, German Germanist, poet and writer († 1957)
• 28. July: Zenzl laborious, woman of the poet Erich laborious († 1962)
• 29. July: Fritz Neumayer, German politician († 1973)
• 29. July: Karl Mueller (CDU), German politician († 1964)
• 30. July: Ernö Szép, Hungarian poet, writer and journalist († 1953)
• 31. July: Carl Friedrich Goerdeler, German politician and resistance fighter († 1945)
• 3. August: Constant Feith, Netherlands football player († 1958)
• 3. August: Josias brown Blanquet, Swiss Botaniker († 1980)
• 4. August: Béla Balázs, Hungarian-Jewish film critic, Ästhetiker, writer and poet († 1949)
• 4. August: Dora Herxheimer, screen end artist († 1905)
• 4. August: Henri Cornet,French wheel running driver († 1941)
• 5. August: Ludwik Hirszfeld, physician and Immunologe
• 5. August: Panteleimon Sergejewitsch Romanow, Russian writer († 1938)
• 7. August: Paul Frölich, Politiker, Autor and Biograph of pink Luxembourg († 1953)
• 10. August: Robert Pohl, German physicist († 1976)
• 13. August: Guus Lutjens, Netherlands football player († 1974)
• 15. August: Dietrich Kralik, Austrian old Germanist († 1959)
• 15. August: Michael Unterguggenberger, Mayor von Wörgl (Tirol) († 1936)
• 16. August: Hugo Gernsback, publisher and writer († 1967)
• 20. August: Rudolf Karl Bultmann, philosopher, Evangelist theologian, Neutestamentler († 1976)
• 21. August: Bohumil Kubista,Czech painter († 1918)
• 22. August: Raymonde de Laroche, first woman of the world, the one pilot light made († 1919)
• 24. August: Earl Derr Biggers, US-American crime film writer († 1933)
• 27. August: Vincent Auriol, Politicians and president of the French republic († 1966)
• 28. August: Christian stick, German politician and first Prime Minister of Hessen († 1967)
• 28. August: Hans Jensen, German linguist († 1973)
• 28. August: Peter Wust, Christian existence philosopher († 1940)
• 29. August: Ehm withered, German writer († 1966)
• 30. August: Theodor Svedberg, Swedish chemist († 1971)
• 31. August: George Sarton, US-American science historian († 1956)
• 1. September: Friedrich of Prittwitz and Gaffron, MdL and German Ambassador in the USA († 1955)
• 9. September: Arthur lieutenant, German politician († 1968)
• 16. September: Philipp William young, German politician(† 1965)
• 17. September: Charles Tomlinson of grasp, US-American composer († 1920)
• 19. September: Jean Rossel, Schweizer politician and Federal High Court Judge († 1944)
• 24. September: Gustave Garrigou, French wheel running driver († 1963)
• 24. September: İsmet İnönü, general, state and Prime Minister of Turkey († 1973)
• 29. September: William Bendow, German actor and Komiker († 1950)
• 30. September: Adeodato Giovanni Piazza, Patriarch of Venice and Kardinal(† 1957)
• 2. October: Ralph Arthur Roberts († 1940), actor, director, writer, composer (and. A. Text and. Music of “on the Reeperbahn at night around half one”)
• 7. October: Fritz Noether, German mathematician († 1941)
• 8. October: Walter von Reichenau, German general field marshal and war criminal († 1942)
• 9. October: Helene German, Austrian-Polish-US-American Psychoanalytikerin († 1982)
• 10. October: Friedrich of Rabenau, German general, theologian and LV victim († 1945)
• 11. October: Eleanor Roosevelt, wife of US president Franklin D. Roosevelt († 1962)
• 11. October: Friedrich Bergius, German chemist, Nobelpreisträger († 1949)
• 11. October: Victory Ruman, actor († 1967)
• 14. October: Jean de Sperati, Briefmarkenfälscher († 1957)
• 15. October: William Schapp, German philosopher and lawyer († 1965)
• 16. October: Rem Brandt Bugatti, Italian sculptor († 1916)
• 18. October: Karl Witzell, German Genraldmiralthe weapon development († 1976)
• 19. October: Max Nemetz, German actor († 1971)
• 21. October: Claire forest off, German Chanson singer. († 1957)
• 21. October: Max Mack, German film director († 1973)
• 30. October: Rudolf Forster, Austrian actor († 1968)
• 8. November: Christian Mergenthaler, Prime Minister von Württemberg († 1980)
• 8. November: Hermann Rorschach, Swiss psychiatrist († 1922)
• 9. November: Vincent Duncker, German athlete,Olympia participant
• 16. November: Briefly Frick, German architect († 1963)
• 24. November: Michel de Klerk, Architekt from the Netherlands († 1923)
• 27. November: Paul Alexandre Arnoux, French writer († 1973)
• 28. November: Anton Lens, Netherlands football player († 1955)
• 30. November: John Maurice Clark, US-American economist († 1963)
• 1. December: Hans Eicke, German athlete († 1947)
• 1. December: Karl Schmidt Rottluff, German painterthe expressionism († 1976)
• 2. December: Johannes Popitz, Prussian Minister of Finance and resistance fighter († 1945)
• 3. December: Rajendra Prasad, Indian politician and 1. President († 1963)
• 3. December: Walter Stampfli, Swiss politician(† 1965)
• 10. December: Albert Steffen, Anthroposoph, Dichter († 1963)
• 11. December: Otto Kneipp, German politician († 1965)
• 11. December: William Brückner, chief aide of Adolf Hitler († 1954)
• 12. December: John Heijning, Netherlands football player († 1947)
• 14. December: Albert Steffen, Anthroposoph and Literat († 1963)
• 14. December: Erich Ponto, German actor († 1957)
• 15. December: Paul Schmitthenner, German architectand university teachers († 1972)
• 17. December: Heinrich Scholz, Evangelist theologian and philosopher († 1956)
• 19. December: Antonín Zápotocký, Czechoslovakian politician († 1957)
• 21. December: Camillo Ugi, German football player († 1970)
• 22. December: Albin grey, German film producer, commercial artist and author († 1971)
• 28. December: Karel Anděl of Czech Selenograph and joint founder of the Czech ones astronomical society († 1948)
• 30. December: Hideki Tōjō, 40. Japanese prime minister andGeneral († 1948)

died

• 2. January: Johann Gerhard Oncken, founder of the German Baptistengemeinden (* 1800)
• 4. January: Louis Ehlert, German composer and music critic (* 1825)
• 5. January: Eduard Lasker, Politicians and lawyer (* 1829)
• 6. January: Gregor Mendel, Austrian monk and natural scientist (* 1822)
• 6. January: Johann Gregor Mendel, monk, Genetiker (* 1822)
• 9. January: Daniel awaiting joke, German chess master(* 1823)
• 10. January: Count Alexei Sergejewitsch Uwarow, Russian archaeologist (* 1825)
• 22. January: Karl George Ludwig Guido, count von Usedom, was a Prussian diplomat (* 1805)
• 25. January: Johann Gottfried Piefke, Military musicians and composer (* 1817)
• 2. February: Julius Köbner, joint founder of the German Baptistengemeinden (* 1806)
• 3. February: Josefine Gallmeyer, Austrian actress (* 1838)
• 12. February: Aaron amber, German writer (* 1812)
• 24. February: George book man, German Philologe (* 1822)
• 26. February: Johann Daniel ash castle, senator of the free ones and Hanseatic city Luebeck (* 1809)
• 10. March: Vladimir Fjodorowitsch eagle mountain, Russian general and Minister(* 1791)
• 14. March: Robert Oettel, buyer, city delegate, founder dt. Race poultry breeding (* 1798)
• 16. March: Paul Pogge, Afrikareisender (* 1838)
• 19. March: Elias Lönnrot, Finnish physician (* 1802)
• 31. March: Konrad Deubler, Austrian farmer, farmer philosopher (* 1814)
• 6. April: Emanuel Geibel, German poet (* 1815)
• 22. April: Marie Taglioni, Italian dancer (* 1804)
• 12. May: Friedrich Smetana,böhmischer composer (* 1824)
• 15. May: George Friedrich Kolb, German politician (* 1808)
• 18. May: Heinrich Göppert, German Botaniker, paleontologist and professor (* 1800)
• 26. May: Joaquim António de Aguiar, PortuguesePolitician (* 1792)
• 26. May: William figure eight man, German sculptor (* 1799)
• 31. May: Bethel Henry Strousberg, German entrepreneur of the period of promoterism (* 1823)
• 13. June: Anton Zwengauer, German painter (* 1810)
• 19. June: Johann Gustav Droysen, German historian (* 1808)
• 25. June: Hans rot, Austrian composer and organist (* 1858)
• 1. July: Allan Pinkerton, founder of a Privatdetektei (* 1819)
• 8. July: Professor. George Eberlein, German building master and painter (* 1819)
• 10. July: Karl smelling pool of broadcasting corporations Lepsius, German Ägyptologe and Africa researcher (* 1810)
• 10. July: Paul Morphy, US-amerikanischer chess player (* 1837)
• 18. July: Ferdinand of Hochstetter, geologist, natural scientist and discoverer (* 1829)
• 30. July: Mark of Pattison, English author (* 1813)
• 1. August: Heinrich summerhouse, German writer and dramatist (* 1806)
• 3. August: Paul AbadieD. J., French building master (* 1812)
• 13. August: Arthur Wellesley, 2. Duke OF Wellington, British general (* 1807)
• 14. August: Moritz Thausing, art writer. (* 1838)
• 30. September: Louis Lacombe, FrenchComposer (* 1818)
• 3. October: Hans Makart, Austrian painter and decoration artist (* 1840)
• 25. October: Carlo Alberto Castigliano, Italian building master, engineer and scientist (* 1847)
• 29. October: Albert Dulk, German free philosopher,Dramatist, revolutionary (* 1819)
• 31. October: Marie Bashkirtseff, Russian painter, authoress and philosophies (* 1858)
• 11. November: Alfred Brehm, German zoologist (* 1829)
• 25. November: Adolph William Hermann Kolbe, German chemist(* 1818)
• 25. November: Mathilde F. Anneke, Herausgeberin German woman newspapers (* 1817)
• 25. November: Mathilde Franziska Anneke, authoress and lady journalist (* 1817)
• 10. December: Jules Bastien Lepage, French painter (* 1848)

heads of state

America

• Mexico: Porfirio Diaz, president (1884 1911)

Asia

• Afghanistan (Barakzai dynasty): Emir Abdur Rahman Khan
• Japan: Mutsuhito, emperor (1867 - 1912)

Europe

• Portugal: Ludwig I., King of Portugal, (1861 - 1889)
• Switzerland: Emil Welti, Federal President of Switzerland, (1884)