1885

table of contents 1 events 1,1 culture 2 born 2,1 January 2,2 February 2,3 March 2,4 April 2,5 May 2,6 June 2,7 July 2,8 August 2,9 Septembers 2,10 Octobers 2,11 November 2,12 Decembers of 3 died 4 heads of state 4,1 America 4,2 Asia 4,3 Europe

events

see also: List of the heads of state 1885

• 15. January: The American Wilson Bentley makes the first photography of a flake.
• 23. April: The Belgian king Leopold II.explains itself asOwner the Congo: an according to international law singular procedure that an individual appoints himself the owner of a country
• 15. October: Marshall Islands receive the status of a German protected area
• 5. November - the place Finschhafen on new Guinea is created, administrative centre thatGerman colony emperor William country.
• 7. November: In Craigellachie (Canada) the building of the first Canadian Pacific railway line with the solemn opening is locked
• 10. November: First travel of a motorcycle, built of God-dear Daimler and William May brook
• 22. December - Itō Hirobumi, a Samurai, becomes a first prime minister in Japan.

• 12. World exhibition in Antwerp, Belgium
• Hiram Maxim invents the machine gun
• Ernst Mach makes for acoustic waves visibly
• Johann Jakob Balmer publishes its empirical formula to the possible frequencies of the hydrogen spectrum (in: Annals of physics and chemistry N. F. to 25 (1885), 80-87), see (Balmer series)
• Philipp III. Krementz becomes archbishop of Cologne
• minister Friedrich of Bodelschwingh creates the first building society in Germany
• Serbian - Bulgarian war
• Albert Boehringer bases Boehringer Ingelheim
• the Bismarck archipelago becomes German colony.

culture

• 14. March: Premiere of the opera István király (king Stephan) of Ferenc Erkel in Budapest
• 28. March: Premiere of the Operette Don Cesar of Rudolf Dellinger at Carl school TZETheatre in Hamburg
• 5. April: Premiere of the opera Noé of Georges Bizet in Karlsruhe
• 28. April: For the first time the international Buddhisti flag on the occasion of the Vesakh daily in Colombo, Ceylon, go-eats
• April: Vincent van Gogh paints The Kartoffelesser
• 30. November: Premiere of the opera Le Cid of Jules Massenet to the Grand Opéra Paris
• establishment of the Leipziger cotton spinning mill
• the Home Insurance Building, the first „Wolkenkratzer “of the world, is born in Chicago

]

January

• 2. January: Anna Hübler, German Eiskunstläuferin († 1976)
• 2. January: Eddy de Neve, Netherlands football player († 1943)
• 8. January: John Curtin, Australian politician and prime minister († 1945)
• 9. January: Otto deer, South German lawyer and politician († 1941)
• 12. January: Harry Benjamin, US-American psychologist († 1986)
• 15. January: Lorenz Böhler, Austrian surgeon († 1973)
• 16. January: Władysław Raczkiewicz, Polish civil servant and politician († 1947)
• 17. January: Nikolaus of falcon refuge, German general in the Second World War († 1968)
• 21. January: Duncan Grant, Scottish painter († 1978)
• 21. January: Mikhail Frunze,Soviet general during the Russian civil war († 1925)
• 21. January: Umberto Nobile, Italian airship pioneer († 1978)
• 22. January: Eugène Christophe, French wheel running driver († 1970)
• 24. January: Christian Ingerslev Baastrup, Danish radiologist(† 1950)
• 27. January: Eduard Künneke, German Operettenkomponist († 1953)
• 27. January: Jerome David core, US-American composer († 1945)
• 28. January: Fritz Linnert, German politician († 1949)
• 30. January: Heribert Jone, catholic moral theologian and Kirchenrechtler († 1967)
• 30. January: Iuliu Hossu, bishop von Fagaras and Kardinal († 1970)

February

• 6. February: Jo Eshuijs, Netherlands football player († 1979)
• 7. February: Harry Sinclair Lewis, US-American writer († 1951)
• 7. February: Hugo Sperrle, German general field marshal in the third realm († 1953)
• 7. February: Michael Gamper, priest and journalist († 1956)
• 7. February: Sinclair Lewis, US-American writer († 1951)
• 9. February: Alban mountain, Austrian composer († 1935)
• 12. February: Julius strike ago, LV politicians and publishers Stürmer († 1946)
• 17. February: Emmy Hennings,German authoress, Kabarettistin and life artist († 1948)
• 17. February: Ernst Altstaedt, German internalist († 1953)
• 17. February: Romano Guardini, philosopher and catholic theologian († 1968)
• 21. February: Sacha Guitry, French actor,Film director and dramatist († 1957)
• 24. February: Chester W. Nimitz, fleet admiral of the US Navy († 1966)
• 24. February: Stanislaw Ignacy Witkiewicz, Polish painter and writer († 1939)
• 25. February: Alice of battery mountain,Mother-in-law of queen Elizabeth († 1969)
• 26. February: Aleksandras Stulginskis, second president of Lithuania († 1969)

March

• 1. March: Jürgen Fehling, German theatre director and actor († 1968)
• 1. March: Lionel Atwill, US-American film and theatre actor († 1946)
• 1. March: Otto Lindpaintner, German aviation pioneer († 1976)
• 6. March: Ring Lardner, US-American sport reporter and writer († 1933)
• 7. March: Stith Thompson,US-American Volkskundler († 1976)
• 10. March: Pierre Boulanger, French engineer and Citroën executive committee († 1950)
• 11. March: Hans's body ELT, German actor († 1974)
• 16. March: Petrol William Förster, German general († 1966)
• 17. March: Ralph rose, US-American athlete († 1913)
• 22. March: Eugen prince to Oettingen Wallerstein, German politician († 1969)
• 25. March: Siegfried of handloose, bosses of the Wehrmachts medical service († 1954)
• 26. March: Robert Blackburn, British aviation pioneer and airplane technical designer († 1955)
• 27. March: Heinrich poppy, German publisher († 1955)
• 31. March: Karl Fischer von Treuenfeld, German military († 1946)

April

• 1. April: Clementine Churchill, Ehefrau von Winston Churchill († 1977)
• 1. April: Wallace Beery, US-American actor († 1949)
• 3. April: Allan Dwan, US-American director, producer, film script author († 1981)
• 4. April: Hanns wedge, German engineer and entrepreneur († 1961)
• 6. April: Carlo Salzédo, harpist and composer († 1961)
• 7. April: Roll ago Schwieger, German naval officer († 1917)
• 8. April: Alexander Rüstow, German philosopher, sociologistand political economist († 1963)
• 9. April: Gerhard count von Kanitz, German politician († 1949)
• 12. April: Ernst Beutler, German literature historian and Goethe researcher († 1960)
• 12. April: Fritz pupil, German politician († 1955)
• 12. April: Hermann Hoth, officer of the realm resistance and the armed forces († 1971)
• 12. April: Robert Delaunay, French painter († 1941)
• 13. April: George Lukács, Hungarian philosopher, literature scientist and - critics († 1971)
• 14. April: Adolf Uzarski, German writer, painter and commercial artist († 1970)
• 15. April: Tadeusz Kutrzeba, Polish general († 1947)
• 16. April: Leó Weiner, Hungarian composer († 1960)
• 17. April: Eugène Minkowski, psychiatrist († 1972)
• 17. April: Karen Blixen, Danish authoress († 1962)
• 17. April: Toine van Renterghem, Netherlands football player († 1967)
• 18. April: Claus's mountains, German naval painter († 1964)
• 18. April: Hermann Mueller (athlete), German athlete († 1947)
• 25. April: Aloys field man, German politician († 1965)
• 26. April: Carl Einstein, German art historian and writer († 1940)
• 27. April: Arthur Zarden, Finanzfachmann and Finanzstaatssekretär in the Weimar Republic († 1944)
• 29. April: Egon Erwin Kisch, journalist and reporter († 1948)
• 29. April: Wallingford Riegger, US-American composer († 1961)
• 30. April: Hans Lembke, German painter and indication teacher († 1959)

May

• 1. May: Erich Rahn, pioneer of the Jiu Jitsu and Judo sport in Germany († 1973)
• 3. May: Max Volmer, German chemist(† 1965)
• 5. May: Agustin Barrios Mangoré, Agustin Barrios Mangoré († 1944)
• 6. May: Rudolph Valentino, Italian actor († 1926)
• 9. May: Wilhelmine Luebke, German politician, chairman of the mother recovery work († 1981)
• 10. May: Fritz von Unruh, German writer and poet († 1970)
• 11. May: Korbinian Aigner, catholic minister and Pomologe († 1966)
• 14. May: Otto Klemperer, German conductor and composer († 1973)
• 15. May: Theodor Goerlitz, German restaurant politician and historian († 1949)
• 18. May: Briefly lion stone, German politician († 1939)
• 19. May: Paul Bildt, German actor († 1957)
• 20. May: Alexander Löhr, colonel general of the German armed forces († 1947)
• 22. May: Giacomo Matteotti, Italian socialist politician († 1924)
• 22. May: Hans Lukaschek, German politician († 1960)
• 22. May: Julio Fonseca, Costa RicanComposer († 1950)
• 28. May: Hellmuth Felmy, German general in the Second World War († 1965)
• 28. May: Piet Zwart, Netherlands Typograf, photographer, Gestalter, interior decorator and teacher († 1977)
• 29. May: Erwin friendly,Astrophysicist († 1964)
• 31. May: Alois Hudal, bishop and escape aid of various Nazi criminals († 1963)
• 31. May: Old Kacyzne, jiddischer writer and photographer († 1941)

June

• 2. June: Hans Gerhard Creutzfeldt, German neurologist († 1964)
• 3. June: Jakow Michailowitsch Swerdlow, Soviet politician († 1919)
• 4. June: Colin Ross, Austrian journalist and travel writer († 1945)
• 11. June: Oskar pure-hard, art collecting tank and Mäzen(† 1965)
• 12. June: Erich Bockemühl, German teacher, poet and organist († 1968)
• 17. June: OSCAR Funcke, German politician and manufacturer († 1965)
• 17. June: Paul Oppenheim, German chemist, philosopher, private scholarand Industrieller († 1977)
• 17. June: Smelling pool of broadcasting corporations Ermisch, German architect and upper's building advice in Berlin († 1960)
• 19. June: Stevan Hristić, Yugoslav composer († 1958)
• 22. June: Milan Vidmar, Slovenian chess master († 1962)
• 26. June: Billy Jenkins, Kunstschütze, lasso leaving and Greifvogeldresseur († 1954)
• 28. June: Berthold quarters, Austrian director and writer († 1953)
• 30. June: Heinrich Schomburgk, German tennis player († 1965)
• 30. June: Viktor Schauberger, Austrian Förster, researcher and inventor († 1958)

July

• 4. July: Of Louis B. Mayer, US-American film producer († 1957)
• 6. July: Ernst Busch (GFM), German general field marshal († 1945)
• 6. July: Eugen Margarétha, Austrian politician († 1963)
• 6. July: Fritz Arndt, German chemist († 1969)
• 8. July: Ernst Bloch, German philosopher († 1977)
• 8. July: Paul Leni, Stage designers and director († 1929)
• 9. July: Caius Welcker, Netherlands football player († 1939)
• 12. July: George Butterworth, English composer († 1916)
• 13. July: Adolf Behne, German architect, art politician and scientist(† 1948)
• 17. July: Ludwig Sternaux, German theatre manager († 1938)
• 24. July: Hermann Clausen, Danish-German politician († 1962)
• 24. July: Paul von Hase, German general and resistance fighter († 1944)
• 26. July: André Maurois, French writer and literature scientist († 1967)
• 26. July: George Wagner, geologist and university teacher († 1972)
• 29. July: Theda Bara, US-American silent movie actress († 1955)
• 29. July: EmilArtur Longen, Czech director, Dramaturg, painter, author († 1936)

August

• 1. August: George de Hevesy, Hungarian chemist († 1966)
• 9. August: Philip van Dijk, Netherlands football player († 1937)
• 10. August: Franziska Mayer Hillebrand, Austrian Psychologin († 1978)
• 11. August: Constantin support of Wülfingen, German administrative lawyer, politician and NSDAP member († 1954)
• 17. August: Briefly Hiller, German writer and journalist († 1972)
• 21. August: William Schmidt (Bavaria), German politician and MdB († 1962)
• 26. August: Jules Romains, French Romancier and Polygraph († 1972)
• 27. August: George William Pabst, Austrian director († 1967)
• 29. August: Hans Jahn, German politician († 1960)
• 30. August: Wendelin smoke, archbishop of Freiburg in mash gau († 1954)
• 31. August: Harsh ore Westren turn bulletin, English mathematician († 1961)

September

• 4. September: Antonio Bacci, catholic clergyman († 1971)
• 5. September: Useir Gadschibekow, aserbaischanischer composer († 1948)
• 6. September: Franz Theodor Csokor, Austrian writer († 1969)
• 9. September: Paul Henckels, German actor († 1967)
• 10. September: Dora Pejačević, Croatian Komponistin († 1923)
• 10. September: January de Jong, Erzbischof von Utrecht and Kardinal († 1955)
• 11. September: David harsh ore Lawrence, BritishWriter († 1930)
• 12. September: Heinrich Hoffmann (photographer), body photographer Adolf Hitler († 1957)
• 13. September: Robert Robinson, British chemist and Nobelpreisträger († 1975)
• 13. September: William Blaschke, Austrian mathematician and author(† 1962)
• 14. September: Carl de Vogt, German actor († 1970)
• 14. September: Ludwig Karl Hilberseimer, architect and town planner († 1967)
• 15. September: Grete Beier, a German Mörderin († 1908)
• 15. September: Ina Seidel, German authoress († 1974)
• 16. September: Karen Horney, GermanUS-American Psychologin († 1952)
• 17. September: Josef E, Swiss politician († 1954)
• 18. September: Üsejir Hadschibejov, more AzerbaijaniComposer († 1948)
• 21. September: Elizabeth Mueller, Swiss youth authoress († 1977)
• 21. September: Gilbert cream, German clergyman, zoologist († 1954)
• 22. September: Albert Walter, German politician († 1980)
• 22. September: Ben Chifley, Australian politician and prime minister († 1951)
• 22. September: Erich von Stroheim, US-amerikanischer director and actor. († 1957)
• 23. September: Karl von Buchka, German politician († 1960)
• 25. September: Hanna Ralph, German actress († 1978)

October

• 1. October: Max Henny, Netherlands football player
• 7. October: Niels bore, Danish physicist, Nobelpreisträger († 1962)
• 10. October: Walter Anderson one, German Folklorist(† 1962)
• 11. October: Alfréd hair, Hungarian mathematician († 1933)
• 11. October: François Mauriac, French writer († 1970)
• 13. October: Paul Weinstein, German athlete († 1965)
• 15. October: Franc Hurley, Australian photographer and cameraman († 1962)
• 15. October: Jóhannes Sveinsson Kjarval, Icelandic painters († 1972)
• 15. October: Ulrich Leman, German painter († 1988)
• 16. October: Dorando Pietri, marathonerwith the olympic plays 1908 († 1942)
• 21. October: Egon Wellesz, Austrian composer and music scientist († 1974)
• 28. October: Gustav bag, German writer poet and dramatist († 1916)
• 28. October: By AlbinHansson, Swedish politician and prime minister († 1946)
• 30. October: Ezra Pound, US-American poet († 1972)
• 31. October: Karl Radek, Russian politician and journalist († 1905)

November

• 1. November: Anton Flettner, German engineer and scientist († 1961)
• 1. November: Pierre Dupong, of Luxembourg politician († 1953)
• 2. November: Harlow Shapley, US-American astronomer († 1972)
• 3. November: Eduard Baar Baarenfels, Austrian home military leaderand politicians († 1967)
• 3. November: Nikolai Nikolajewitsch Anitschkow, Russian pathologist († 1964)
• 3. November: Odo Neustädter Stürmer, Austrian politician and chief ideologist of the home resistance († 1938)
• 4. November: Felix Braun, Austrian writer(† 1973)
• 5. November: Agustin Barrios Mangoré, guitarist and composer († 1944)
• 5. November: Martin Wagner (architect), German architect and town planner († 1957)
• 5. November: William James Durant, US-American philosopher andWriter († 1981)
• 6. November: Zhu De, Chinese politician († 1976)
• 7. November: Franc Knight, US-American economist († 1972)
• 8. November: Emil Fahrenkamp, architect, professor († 1966)
• 8. November: EH Morris, oldest humans of the world of 30. December 1999 up to their death († 2000)
• 9. November: Hermann Weyl, German mathematician († 1955)
• 9. November: Theodor Kaluza, German physicist († 1954)
• 9. November: Welimir Chlebnikow, Russian poet († 1922)
• 11. November: George S. Patton, four-star general of the US-Army († 1945)
• 12. November: Left Cairong, allegedly one of oldest humans of the world († 2005)
• 12. November: Prince Rangsit, Thai prince († 1951)
• 14. November: Sonia Delaunay Terk, French painter († 1979)
• 17. November: Otto Trieloff, German athlete
• 18. November: Josef Kentenich, founder of the international beautiful place movement.(† 1968)
• 18. November: Phog all, US-American basketball coaches († 1974)
• 20. November: John John clay/tone Parker, US-American judge, among other things with the Nürnberger processes († 1958)
• 21. November: Walter Le Coutre, professor,Betriebswirtschaftler and balance theoretician († 1965)
• 24. November: Christian Wirth, German civil servant of the Kriminalpolizei († 1944)
• 24. November: Rudolf small Rogge, German actor of the 1920er and 30's († 1955)
• 26. November: Heinrich Brüning, German politician and realm chancellor († 1970)
• 30. November: Albert Kesselring, German officer in the First and second World War († 1960)

December

• 2. December: George Richards Minot, US-American physician, Nobelpreisträger († 1950)
• 2. December: Pietro Ciriaci, cardinal of the Roman-catholic church († 1966)
• 3. December: Edward Lasker, US-American chess and Go-player († 1981)
• 6. December: Albrecht Schaeffer, German writer († 1950)
• 8. December: August Babberger, German painter (expressionism) († 1936)
• 10. December: Hans's carrot farmer, German Altphilologe († 1963)
• 11. December: Erich Brunner, German problem composer († 1938)
• 14. December: Smelling pool of broadcasting corporations Schmitz, Austrian politician(† 1954)
• 15. December: Hans's pain mountain, German international law teacher († 1962)
• 17. December: Theodor Steltzer, Prime Minister of the country Schleswig-Holstein († 1967)
• 20. December: Miel van Leijden, Netherlands football player († 1949)
• 21. December: Hermann home Erich, Politiker († 1963)
• 25. December: Albert Betz, German physicist and pioneer of the wind force technology († 1968)
• 25. December: Hermann Dieckmann, German politician († 1957)
• 25. December: Maria bold one, German LV-Widerstandskämpferin († 1947)
• 28. December: Vladimir Jewgrafowitsch Tatlin, Russian sculptor († 1953)

died

• 5. January: Adolf Carl Daniel prince of Auersperg, Prime Minister of Austria Hungary (* 1821)
• 25. January: Alois Emanuel conventional man, reformed theologian from Switzerland (* 1819)
• 26. January: Charles George Gordon, British general (* 1833)
• 29. January: Franz Rieger, master of building of organs (* 1812)
• 1. February: Sidney Thomas, British Metallurg (* 1850)
• 7. February: August pure village, freedom fighter (* 1849)
• 14. February: Jules Valles, French journalist, revolutionary and journalist (* 1833)
• 25. February: Johann Heinrich Runge, GermanMaster of building of organs (* 1811)
• 12. March: Ysaac Brons, member of the Frankfurt national assembly (* 1802)
• 28. March: Ludvig Norman, Swedish conductor and composer (* 1831)
• 31. March: Franz abbott, German composer and Kapellmeister(* 1819)
• 17. April: Emmy of Rhoden, German authoress (* 1829)
• 20. April: Gustav Nachtigal, German Africa researcher (* 1834)
• 30. April: Jens Peter Jacobsen, Danish writer (* 1847)
• 5. May: Lauro Rossi, Italian composer (* 1812)
• 8. May: Pavel Křížkovský, Czech composer (* 1820)
• 12. May: Ferdinand Hiller, German composer (* 1811)
• 19. May: William Huntington Russell, joint founder thatYale Geheimgesellschaft Skull and Bones (* 1809)
• 21. May: Gawriil Jakinowitsch Lomakin, Russian composer (* 1812)
• 22. May: Victor Hugo, French writer (* 1802)
• 27. May: Friedrich Johannes Jacob Cölestin of Schwarzenberg,Archbishop of Prague (* 1809)
• 30. May: Jakob fear God Dielmann, painter (* 1809)
• 30. May: Paul de Noailles, French statesman and historian (* 1802)
• 2. June: Karl Anton of Hohenzollern Sigmaringen, GermanNoble (* 1811)
• 5. June: Julius Benedict, British composer and Kapellmeister (* 1804)
• 17. June: Edwin of Manteuffel, Prussian Genaralfeldmarschall (* 1809)
• 22. June: Muhammad Ahmad, Islamic-political leader (* 1844)
• 7. July: Christoph Theodor Äby, Anthropologe (* 1835)
• 14. July: Ernst Hello, French writer and philosopher (* 1828)
• 15. July: Rosalía de Castro, galicische Lyrikerin (* 1837)
• 23. July: UlyssesSimpson Grant, union general and 18. President of the USA (* 1822)
• 25. July: Ernst Laas, German paedagogue and philosopher (* 1837)
• 28. July: Henri Milne Edward, French natural scientist (* 1800)
• 28. July: Moses Montefiore, British entrepreneur and Jewish philanthropist (* 1784)
• 21. August: Helen Hunt Jackson, US-American authoress (* 1831)
• 6. September: Edme Charles Philippe Lepère, French statesman (* 1823)
• 6. September: Narcís Monturiol Spanish engineer and inventor (* 1819)
• 13. September: Friedrich Kiel, German composer of the late romance (* 1821)
• 23. September: Carl pointed way, painter conventional Meier (* 1808)
• 5. October: William Heine,German painter and traveler (* 1827)
• 29. October: George B. McClellan, Oberkomandierender of union armed forces in the American civil war (* 1826)
• 31. October: Topete y Carballo, Spanish admiral and politician (* 1821)
• 3. November: Ennoble Muzzarelli, Italian Soubrette, singer and dancer (* 1816)
• 13. November: Anselmo José Braamcamp, Portuguese politician (* 1819)
• 16. November: Louis Riel, Canadian Métis leader (* 1844)
• 25. November: Alfons XII. (Spain), Spanish king (* 1857)
• 25. November: Nicolás Avellaneda, president of Argentina (* 1837)
• 26. November: Thomas's Andrew, Irish physicist and chemist (* 1813)
• 6. December: Robert Gerwig, German civil engineer (* 1820)
• 9. December: Hermann Heinrich Becker, German politician (* 1820)
• 14. December: Ernst Falkbeer, Austrian chess master (* 1819)
• 15. December: Ferdinand II. (Portugal), king of Portugal (* 1816)
• 21. December: Eduard Hölzel, Austrian bookseller and publisher (* 1817)
• 22. December: Louis René Tulasne, French Botaniker and Mykologe (* 1815)
• 24. December: Sanford Christie Barnum, dentist, inventor of the Kofferdam (* 1838)

heads of state

America

• Mexico: Porfirio Diaz, president (1884 - 1911)

Asia

• Afghanistan (Barakzai dynasty): Emir Abdur Rahman Khan
• Japan: Mutsuhito, emperor (1867 - 1912)

Europe

• Portugal: Ludwig I., King of Portugal, (1861 - 1889)
• Switzerland: Karl give, Federal President of Switzerland, (1885)