1991
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January 1991 | February 1991 | March 1991 | April 1991 | May 1991 | June 1991
July 1991 | August 1991 | September 1991 | October 1991 | November 1991 | December 1991
Table of contents |
Events
Yearly dedications
- That Rebhuhn (Perdix by DIX) is Bird the yearly (NABU/Deutschland)
- Those Summer lime tree (Tilia platyphyllos) is Tree the yearly (Kuratoriums tree yearly/Germany)
- That Small knabenkraut (Orchis morio) is Orchidee of the yearly (working group domestic Orchideen/Deutschland)
January until Decembers
- 1. January: Flavio Cotti becomes that
- 1. January: The West German tax law becomes from the new Lands of the Federal Republic uebernonmmen
- 1. January: In Salzburg becomes in the festspielhaus by that Mozart around orchestra the Mozart year 1991 opens
- 1. January: That Current feed law for renewable energies (StrEG) crucially the generation of current enters into force through and promotes regenerativ energies in Germany
- 2. January: Israel opened after long break again a consulate in
- : President Arnold Rueuetel, Estland, and president Boris Yel'tsin, a basis-of-relations treaty between the two countries
- : Beginning of the air raids on that
- : Beginning of military release
- : becomes of the first all-German Bundestag as red-elect
- : King Harald V. becomes head of state in
- : First free and democratic elections in São Tomé and Príncipe
- : Acknowledgment Litauens through
- : Armistice with that after that the second Gulf War
- : Visegrád agreement to closer co-operation between , and that Czechoslovakia. Thus they justify the eastCentral European counterpart to Benelux
- 3. March: Nearly 78 % the citizen Estlands are for the re-establishment of independence
- 3. March: Lettland. Popular vote over independence from that
- 3. March: Miguel Trovoada becomes president in São Tomé and Príncipe
- : Beginning of the first international meeting of south and centralAmerican Indiofrauen in Lima
- : Gabon a new condition gives itself. Emphasis: Majority democracy
- : In the first free elections take place
- : Dissolution of the Warsaw Pact (military structures)
- 1. April: The chairman of the institute for trust Detlev Karsten Rohwedder in his dwelling one murders
- 3. April: Armistice resolution. The obligation contains range of all massenvernichtungswaffen as well as rockets over 150 km for removal in
- 9. April: Georgien. Second declaration of independence
- 29. April: First constitutional law in
- 3. May: Declaration of Windhoek: Explanation that to Pressefreiheit
- : First democratic parliamentary elections in Nepal
- : Ethiopia. Mengistu flees after Simbabwe
- : Georgien. Swiad Gamsachurdia becomes president
- 31. May: The civil war parties are correct in Bicesse, with that Intertown center express
- 5. June: Culture agreement between and Namibia. In strength since that 28. January 1994
- 12. June: In for the first time a president is selected directly by the people. Boris Yel'tsin the choice with 55 % of the voices wins
- 17. June: "contract over good neighbourhood and friendly co-operation" between and
- : Departure of the Russian troops out
- : That Bundestag decides the removal of after
- : Independence from and
- 1. July: Dissolution of the Warsaw Pact (the pact)
- 1. July: the membership in that requests
- : a new condition gets
- : . The new condition enters into force
- : Signing of the START Contract
- 6. August: 12. Constitutional amendment in
- : . First republican condition
- : . Putschversuch approximately Mikhail Gorbatschow
- : Estland. Independence from
- : Lettland. The condition of 1922 again into effect one puts
- : Lettland becomes again independent
- : Those becomes independent
- : Acknowledgment of the Baltic states through
- : Moldavia becomes independent
- 28. August: increases diplomatic relations Estland up
- 28. August: Admission of diplomatic relations between and Lettland
- : Azerbaijan. Mutalibow becomes president
- : Kirgisistan and Usbekistan become independent
- 1. September: full member in that becomes EFTA
- 2. September: Lettland. As first Ambassadors presented count Hagen Lambsdorff its Beglaubigungschreiben
- 2. September: Acknowledgment of the Baltic states by those
- 6. September: Those independence recognizes Lettlands on
- 8. September: becomes independent
- 9. September: Tadschikistan becomes independent
- : Estland. Admission into those KSZE
- 11 September: Official attendance of ministers of foreign affairs Hans Dietrich Genscher in Tallinn, Estland
- : Estland, Marshall Islands, Mikronesien, Lettland, Litauen, Estland, Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) and Litauen step that
- : Oetzi becomes in the Suedtiroler Alps found
- : Armenia its independence receives
- 1. October: New condition in Sierra Leone
- 7. October: Zagreb,
- 9. October: . Conclusion of the "GermanBulgarian contract", (co-operation regulates)
- : . First parliamentary elections after the new condition
- : Estland becomes member in that
- : Lettland becomes member in that
- : Signing that KSZEFinal act through Estlands President Arnold Rueuetel
- : Armenia. Levon Ter Petrossian to the president one selected
- : First democratic elections in
- : Azerbaijan. Declaration of independence
- : Tuvalu becomes member in that
- : Signing that Paris peace treaties through Kambodscha
- : First really free elections in
- : Declaration of independence of Turkmenistan
- : First free presidency and parliamentary elections in
- 6. November: Admission into that Council of Europe
- : With that Santa Cruz massacre in Osttimor die over 270 humans, many disappear without trace
- : New condition in
- : Common explanation of the German Federal Chancellor and the Russian president Mikhail Gorbatschow
- 4. December: Introduction of the multiple party system on that Seychelles
- 8. December: , White Russia and those those base Community of independent states (GUS)
- : Azerbaijan. Declaration of independence of Mountain Karabach
- : first Mayday (meeting) takes place
- : Kazakhstan becomes independent
- : signs the treaty of association with that
- : That GUS join the following states: Azerbaijan, Armenia, Kazakhstan, Kirgisistan, Moldavia, Tadschikistan, Turkmenistan, and Usbekistan
- : Turkmenistan becomes member that GUS
- : Kirgisistan that steps GUS
- : Guinea a new condition gives itself
- : becomes of recognition
- : New one, democratic, condition in
- 24. December: Burkina Faso. Blaise Compaoré to the president one selects
- 24. December: that gets a constant seat in the security council
- : The president that , Mikhail Gorbatschow, withdraws
- : Georgien becomes by the dissolution that USSR nationally independently
- : Official dissolution that (USSR) by the delegates highest Soviet. Those regulates follow-up questions Russian federation, briefly:
- : Last transmission day of the German television radio, earlier GDR television
- : Acknowledgment Kazakhstan through
- After 27 years find in again elections instead of. Since 1964 the governing Kenneth Kaunda one votes out
- Miguel Trovoada becomes the president of São Tomé and Príncipe selected
- Those a country-wide system for that leads as the first state of the earth Recycling of Electronics scrap iron
Culture
- : Premiere of the opera The Death OF Klinghoffer of John Adam in Brussels
- Opening of the Ludwig forum for international art
- Suedboehmi university develops
Science
- : Circular one Solar eclipse in Australia and
- : Total one Solar eclipse in central and South America
Society
Disasters
- 1. February: Los Angeles, , . One Boeing 737 that US air , during on the same course still one landed Swearingen metro that Skywest airlines for start release waited. With the collision 22 passengers of the B737 and all 12 passengers of the metro died. 65 humans survived. A cause were coordination errors of soil control
- 5. February: . One Lockheed C-130 smashed to the Greek Air Force at a mountain. All 63 passengers died thereby
- 3. March: Colorado Springs, Colorado, . Crash of one Boeing 737 that United airlines during the approach flight. All 25 humans on board died. A supposed cause: Malfunctioning of the rudder price increase
- 5. March: Close one La Valesa, Venezuela. On the flight of Maracaibo after Santa Barbara one hit Douglas DC-9 that Linea aero pos valley Venezolana (LAV) against a mountain. All 43 passengers died
- : Aluminium Mishab, . With the landing one has an accident Lockheed C-130 the royally Saudi Air Force, whereby 98 of 101 humans died on board
- 23. March: Nawoi, Usbekistan. One out Taschkent coming Antonov An-24 that Aeroflot fire shot with the landing beyond the course and caught. From 63 passengers 34 died
- 5. April: Brunswick, Georgia, . One out Atlanta coming Embraer EMB 120 that Atlantic Southeast airlines fell three kilometers before the runway. All 23 passengers died thereby. A cause was an incorrect controlling of the propeller blades at the left engine
- 29. April: Patuakhali, . A strong wasserhose on that Indian ocean an enormous flutwelle released, which destroyed the coastal regions Bangladeschs. 200.000 dead ones and at least a half million homeless person demanded the disaster
- : With one Boeing 767 that Lauda air switched itself near Bangkok by a system error in the climb those Thrust reversing with the left engine in. Thus the machine fell. 213 passengers and 10 crew members died
- 1. June: Outbreak of the Pinatubo, The Philippines. About 1.000 dead ones, 400.000 homeless people
- : Jeddah, . A chartered Douglas DC-8 the Canadian Nation air with Islamic Pilgern on the way back after Nigeria fell briefly after the start. All 261 humans on board died. Reason were when starting in fire tire turned out
- 8. August: Around 18.00 o'clock Central European Summer Time falls to today highest building of all times, the 648 meters high transmitting pole of the Long wave transmitter in Konstantynów with the exchange of the pardunen in the highest removing level
- 16. August: Imphal, . During the approach one hit out Calcutta coming Boeing 737 that Indian airlines against a hill, because the pilot deviated from the localizer path. None of 69 humans survived
- 5. October: Jakarta, Indonesia. Because of an engine fire one fell Lockheed C-130 the Indonesian Air Force off. Only one of the 135 passengers outlived, at the soil died two persons
- : Der Stärke 7.0 d'Erdbeben po . One Yakovlev Jak-40 that Aeroflot fell in hilly area. All 34 passengers died
- : Bugulma, Tatarstan, . Probably because of frozen-over control surfaces one had an accident Antonov An-24 that Aeroflot with 41 humans with the approach flight. Nobody survived
- : forwards Safaga, Egypt. The Egyptian ferry boat "Salem express"runs on a reef and sinks. Over 700 persons die, about 200 can be saved
- : , . One Douglas DC-3 that Classic Wings airline came during a round flight into turbulences, touched a hill and fell. 28 der 32 Menschen an Bord starben
Sport
Einträge von Leichtathletik-Weltrekorden siehe unter der jeweiligen Disziplin unter Leichtathletik.
- 19. April: Evander Holyfield gewann seinen Boxkampf und Weltmeistertitel im Schwergewicht gegen George Foreman im Convention Center, Atlantic City, durch Sieg nach Punkten
Geboren
- 18. Januar: Katharina Bunk, deutsche Gedächtnissportlerin
- 17. Februar – Bonnie Wright, britische Schauspielerin
- 4. April: Jamie Lynn Spears, US-amerikanische Schauspielerin und Sängerin
- 17. April: Jakob von Metzler, Bankierssohn, Mordopfer († 2002)
- 24. Juni: Mark Ehrenfried, deutscher Pianist
- 12. Juli – Erik Per Sullivan, US-amerikanischer Schauspieler
- 21. August: Gion Stump, schweizer Musiker
- 9. Dezember: Prinz Joachim von Belgien, Sohn von Prinzessin Astrid von Belgien und Erzherzog Prinz Lorenz von Österreich-Este
Gestorben
- 1. Januar: Inga Gentzel, schwedische Leichtathletin und Olympionikin (* 1908)
- 4. Januar: Leo Wright, US-amerikanischer Jazz-Klarinettist (* 1933)
- 4. Januar: Richard Maibaum, US-amerikanischer Drehbuchautor (* 1909)
- 6. Januar: Heinrich Dathe, deutscher Zoologe (* 1910)
- 6. Januar: Ahmed Adnan Saygun, türkischer Komponist (* 1907)
- 7. Januar: Josef Stroh, deutscher und österreichischer Fußballspieler (* 1913)
- 11. Januar: Ladislav Alster, tschechoslowakischer Schachspieler und Schachjournalist (* 1927)
- 11. Januar: Carl David Anderson, US-amerikanischer Physiker (* 1905)
- 16. Januar: Heinz Rein, deutscher Schriftsteller (* 1906)
- 17. Januar: Olav V., king of Norway (* 1903)
- : Giacomo Manzù, Italian sculptor, commercial artist and draughtsman (* 1908)
- : Jean Mantelet, entrepreneurs (* 1900)
- : Karl Mark, Austrian politician and national council delegate (* 1900)
- 28. January: Kurt Sowinetz, Austrian actor (* 1928)
- : Bruno Marek, mayors of Vienna (* 1900)
- : Inoue Yasushi, Japanese writer (* 1907)
- : Kurt Bittel, German archaeologist (* 1907)
- : John Bardeen, US-American physicist and Nobelpreistraeger. (* 1908)
- 5. February: Pedro Arrupe, Spanish medal general (* 1907)
- 6. February: Salvador Edward Luria, US-American micro biologist (* 1912)
- 7. February: Petrol Friedrich Bollnow, philosopher, paedagogue, psychologist (* 1903)
- 7. February: Petrol kiss, catholic theologian (* 1905)
- : Alja Rachmanowa, Russian authoress (* : Arno Breker, German sculptor (* 1900)
- : Alfred Gleisner, German politician (* 1908)
- : Max Strecker, German actor (* 1906)
- 17. February: Hans Thimig, oesterreichscher actor and director (* 1900)
- 18. February: Renate core, German hit singer (* 1945)
- : Margot Fonteyn de Arias, British dancer (* 1919)
- : Jean Rogers, actress (* 1916)
- : Webb Pierce, US-American Country singer (* 1921)
- : Joseph Schoiswohl, Austrian bishop (* 1901)
- : Robert Widlar, pioneer of the development of similar integrated circuits (IC) (* 1938)
- 2. March: Serge Gainsbourg, French Chansonnier (* 1928)
- 8. March: Dezider Kardo?, Czech composer (* 1914
- : Emmi Bonhoeffer, wife of the resistance fighter Klaus Bonhoeffer (* 1905)
- : William Heinesen, meaning poet of the Faeroeer (* 1900)
- : Trude gentleman, German actress (* 1927)
- : Walther wild, curator of the research council German ancestor inheritance e. V. (* 1901)
- : Kurt Gottschaldt, representatives of the Gestalt psychology (* 1902)
- : Marcel Lefebvre, catholic theologian and church politician (* 1905)
- : Herbert Doerner, German football player (* 1930)
- : Jupp Schmitz, German maintenance artist, hit and Kraetzchensaenger (* 1901)
- 1. April: Martha Graham, US-American dancer, Choreografin and Paedagogin (* : Ernst Bokon, Austrian soccer player (* 1922)
- 16. April: Ernst Theodor acorn tree, German teacher and politician (* : Martin Hannett, music producer (* 1948)
- : Austin Bradford Hill, British scientist and researcher (* 1897)
- : Josef Wallner, German politician (* 1908)
- 20 April: Emmanuel Kiwanuka Nsubuga, archbishop of Kampala and cardinal (* 1914)
- 20 April: Rudolf Heberle, German sociologist (* 1896)
- 20 April: Steve Marriott, British rock musician (* 1945)
- : Willi Boskovsky, Austrian violonist and conductor (* 1909)
- : Johnny Thunders, New Yorker Punk musician (* 1952)
- : Werner Neumann, prominent brook researcher of its time (* 1905)
- : Michael bold one, leaders of the German neo-Nazi movement (* 1955)
- 26. April: Carmine Coppola, US-American musician and composer (* 1910)
- : Fritz Corterier, German politician (* 1906)
- 29. April: Ken Curtis, US-American singer (* 1916)
- 1. May: Richard Thorpe, US-American film director (* 1896)
- 3. May: Jerzy Kosi?ski, US-American author (* 1933)
- 5. May: Hermann head, German politician (* 1901)
- 7. May: Hans Bender (psychology), psychologist and physician (* 1907)
- 8. May: Jean Langlais, French composer and organist (* 1907)
- 8. May: Rudolf Serkin, pianist (* 1903)
- : Victor Emanuel Preusker, German politician and banker (* 1913)
- : Herbert shepherd, German football coach (* 1927)
- : Tom Trana, Rallyefahrer (* 1937)
- : Rudolf Nierlich, Austrian ski running runner (* 1966)
- : Rajiv Gandhi, Indian prime minister (* 1944)
- : William Kempff, German pianist and composer (* : Eberhard who DIN, German composer (* 1911)
- 30. May: Walter Dirks, journalist, Schrftsteller and journalist (* 1901)
- 31. May: Hans Schwartz, German football player (* 1913)
- 1. June: David Ruffin, US-American Gospel and Soulsaenger (* 1941)
- 1. June: Wolfgang bar Mueller, GermanAustrian philosopher (* 1923)
- 3. June: Sergiu Samarian, ruemaenischer chess player, chess writer (* 1923)
- 3. June: Katia Krafft, French Vulkanologin (* 1942)
- 3. June: Maurice Krafft, Vulkanologe (* 1946)
- 5. June: Rudolf bird (politician), German politician (* 1906)
- 6. June: Stan Getz, US-American tenor saxophones (* 1927)
- 8. June: Heidi Bruehl, German actress and singer (* 1942)
- 9. June: Claudio Arrau, Chilean pianist (* 1903)
- 10. June: Vercors (writer), writer, caricaturist (* 1902)
- : Karl Bielig, German politician and MdB (* : Peggy Ashcroft, British actress (* 1907)
- : Werner strength, German librarian, literature scientist and writer (* 1896)
- : Helga brauer, German hit singer (* 1936)
- : William Arthur Lewis, British Nobelpreistraeger and economist (* 1915)
- 16. June: Karl Krammig, German politician
- : Jean Arthur, US-American actress (* 1900)
- : Max Luethi, Swiss literature scientist and outstanding fairy tale interpreter (* 1909)
- : Michael Westphal, German tennis player (* 1965)
- : Klaus black head, German actor and synchronous speaker (* 1922)
- : Michael Pfleghar, German director (* 1933)
- : Franz Hengsbach, Roman-catholic priest, theologian, bishop and cardinal (* 1910)
- : Rufino Tamayo, Mexican painter (* 1899)
- : Bertram Eugene Warren, US-American crystallographer (* 1902)
- : Hans Nuesslein, German tennis player (* 1910)
- : Nikolas bird, Austrian cameraman (* 1967)
- 30. June: Aadriaan Cornelis van Leeuwen, Netherlands composer and conductor (* : Willi Schwabe, German actor, singer and moderator (* 1915)
- : Fritz Duda, German painter and commercial artist (* 1904)
- 14. July: Axel harrow-break, German journalist and writer (* 1899)
- : Robert Motherwell, US-American painter (* 1915)
- : André Cools, Belgian socialist politician (* 1927)
- : Fritz Kassmann, German politician (* 1908)
- : Isaac Bashevis Singer, writers and Literaturnobelpreistraeger 1978
- : Lasar Moissejewitsch Kaganowitsch, Soviet politician (* : Maria Treben, Austrian authoress, naturopathy, alternative medicine (* 1907)
- 5. August: Gas clay/tone Litaize, French composer, organist and organ teacher (* 1909)
- 5. August: Soichiro Honda, Japanese entrepreneur (* 1906)
- 8. August: Walter Zeman, Austrian football player (* 1927)
- 8. August: Werner wood, German painter (* 1948)
- 9. August: Richard Loewenthal, German Politologe and journalist (* 1908)
- : Alfred Dompert, German athlete (* 1914)
- : Helmut Walcha, organist and Cembalist (* 1907)
- 12. August: Hans Weigel, writers and theatre critics (* 1908)
- 12. August: Iwan Nikitowitsch Koschedub, marshal of the fliers and three-way hero of the Soviet Union (* 1920)
- 18. August: Martin Eckermann, German director and actor (* 1931)
- : Oswald of Nell Breuning, catholic theologian, political economist and social philosopher (* : Wolfgang Hildesheimer, Dt. Writer and painter (* 1916)
- : William cock man, Austrian and German football player (* 1914)
- : Alexandre Hay, Swiss lawyer (* 1919)
- : : Julius Meinl III., Austrian entrepreneur (* 1903)
- : Michel Soutter, film director (* 1932)
- : Jack Crawford, Australian tennis player (* 1908)
- : Metin Oktay, Turkish football player (* 1936)
- : Sulchan Zinzadse, Georgian composer (* 1925)
- : Anton Besold, German politician (* 1904)
- : Klaus Barbie, national socialist. "butchers of Lyon" (* 1913)
- : Karl-Heinz Koepcke, chief speakers of the news of the day (* 1922)
- : : Eugène Bozza, French composer (* 1905)
- 3. October: Hans Lipinsky Gottersdorf, German writer (* 1920)
- 4. October: Heinrich of light ways, German politician (* 1908)
- 6. October: Seriousness Alfred Jauch, journalist (* 1920)
- 7. October: Natalia Ginzburg, authoress, Italian literature (* 1916)
- 9. October: Roy Black, German hit singer and actor (* 1943)
- : Walter Elsasser, German-American physicist (* 1904)
- : Boris Papandopulo, Croatian composer and conductor (* 1906)
- : Threshing floor lake Ernie Ford, US-American Country and Gospel singer (* 1919)
- : Charlotte boy, German Archivarin and Historikerin (* 1907)
- : Ronald M. Schernikau, German writer (* 1960)
- : Grzegorz Grzeban, Polish problem composer (* 1902)
- : : Albert Baldauf, German politician and MdB (* 1917)
- : Bill Graham, US-American Impresario (* 1931)
- : Ernst Wimmer, politicians, communist, theoretician and journalist (* 1924)
- : Erwin is enough, German politician (* 1914)
- : Ewald Bucher, German politician (* 1914)
- 2. November: Heinrich Drimmel, Austrian politician and lawyer (* 1912)
- 3. November: Mort Shuman, US-American Songschreiber and singer (* 1936)
- 6. November: Theodor Siers, German problem composer and author (* 1910)
- 7. November: Guenter Schmoelders, economists (* 1903)
- 7. November: Guenther Nollau, German president of the federal office for protection of the constitution (* 1911)
- 8. November: Kurt fire, German Science Fiction writer (* 1917)
- 8. November: John year, German publisher (* 1900)
- : Erwin Levy, German psychologist (* 1907)
- : Franziska Bilek, German draftswoman and Karikaturistin (* 1906)
- : Tony Richardson, English director (* 1928)
- : Adrian Quist, Australian tennis player (* 1913)
- : Maurice Banach, German football player (* 1967)
- : Gustáv Husák, slowakischer Politiker und Staatspräsident (* 1913)
- 20. November: Helga Hahnemann, Dt. Entertainerin, Kabarettistin und Schauspielerin (* 1937)
- 21. November: Daniel Mann, US-amerikanischer Regisseur (* 1912)
- 23. November: Klaus Kinski, deutscher Schauspieler (* 1926)
- 24. November: Eric Carr, US-amerikanischer Musiker und Schlagzeuger (* 1950)
- 24. November: Freddie Mercury, britischer Rocksänger (* 1946)
- 26. November: Heinz Marten, deutscher Oratorien-Tenöre und Liedersänger (* 1908)
- 27. November: Vilém Flusser, Kommunikations- und Medienphilosoph (* 1920)
- 29. November: Ralph Bellamy, US-amerikanischer Schauspieler (* 1904)
- 1. Dezember: Patrick O'Callaghan, irischer Leichtathlet (* 1905)
- 1. Dezember: George Stigler, US-amerikanischer Ökonom (* 1911)
- 1. Dezember: Ernst Albrecht (Hamburg), deutscher Politiker (* 1914)
- 2. Dezember: Ernst Achenbach, deutscher Politiker (* 1909)
- 6. Dezember: Richard Stone, Nobelpreisträger und Ökonom (* 1913)
- 12. Dezember: Gustav Schäfer, deutscher Ruderer und Olympiasieger (* 1906)
- 13. Dezember: Jan Hendriks, deutscher Bühnen-, Film- und Fernsehschauspieler (* 1928)
- 15. Dezember: Wassili Grigorjewitsch Saizew, sowjetischer Scharfschütze im 2. Weltkrieg (* 1915)
- 18. Dezember: George Abecassis, britischer Rennfahrer (* 1913)
- 22. Dezember: Ernst Krenek, österreichischer Komponist (* 1900)
- 24. Dezember: Alfons Goppel, deutscher Politiker (* 1905)
- 25. Dezember: Curt Bois, deutscher Schauspieler (* 1901)
- 26. Dezember: Gustav Neidlinger, deutscher Sänger (* 1910)
- : Hermann Mueller (FDP), German politician (* 1913)
Nobelpreise
- Physics: Pierre Gilles de Gennes
- Chemistry: Richard R. Ernst
- Medicine: Erwin Neher and Bert Sakmann
- Literature:
- The Nobel peace prize: Aung San Suu Kyi
- Economic science: Ronald Coase
Music
- List of the number unity hits in Germany (1991)
- The Pogues publish their Best OF album
