23. April

of the 23. April is the 113. Day of the Gregorian calendar (the 114. in leap years), thus still 252 days up to the year end remain.

of events

politics

• 1525: A farmer rebellion in nut village (Pfalz) mutates to the Pfälzi farmer war.
• 1633: Dreissigjähriger war: Sweden closes that with some Protestant realm conditions Heilbronner federation as counterweight to the catholic league.
• 1933: Establishment of the Gestapo.
• 1945: War final phase crime: Passengers of the Zellengefängnisses Lehrter road, under it Klaus Bonhoeffer and Ruediger Schleicher, are murdered.
• 1946: New Germany, successorby German people newspaper of the KPD and the people , appears to the SPD for the first time.
• 1948: Berlin student demand a free university Berlin.
• 1971: The Prime Minister von Ceylon, Sirimawo Bandaranaike, succeeds by an amnesty for the left-wing extremeTo terminate insurgent for the case their surrender heavy unrests on the island, which cost more than 10,000 human lives.
• 1976: In east Berlin the palace of the republic is solemnly opened.
• 1982: Conch republic is proclaimed and tosame day again into the USA integrated.
• 1990: After tensions for many years between the two countries left Peng arrives as a first Chinese Prime Minister since 1964 to an official attendance of the Soviet Union in Moscow.
• 1990: Karl Marx city receives after oneCitizen questioning its old name Chemnitz back. 76% the citizen are correct for the back designation.
• 1991: Final phase of the Soviet Union: Soviet president Gorbachev negotiated with nine Soviet republics an agreement, their sovereignty recognizes without the existence of the Soviet Union to endanger.
• 1992: General Than Shwe becomes a head of state in Myanmar.
• 1998: In Belgium the child murderer Marc Dutroux from law courts can be fled, be taken after an extensive use of the police however again in safekeeping. As consequence of these incidents must thatBelgian Ministers of Justice and interior as well as the police head from their offices withdraw.
• 2005: To Austria Heinz Christian Strache transfers the FPÖ - chairman shank of Hilmar Kabas.

economics

• 1516: William IV., Duke of Bavaria, issues Bavarian purity requirement for beer.
• 1838: In the port of New York the first steam ship made of Europe arrives. Opposite a sailing boat the travel time reduces by half.
• 2001: Intel brings the Pentium to 4 on the market.
• 2002:Of Argentina minister of economics Jorge Remes Lenicov withdraws.

science and technology

• 1967: Start of the Soviet space cap Soyuz 1, the cosmonaut Vladimir Michailowitsch Komarow dies, when the cap smashes with the return.
• 1994: Physicist at the Fermi lab(the USA) discover the Top quark.

culture

• 1597: Premiere of Shakespeares comedy the merry women of Windsor in presence of queen Elizabeth I..
• 1766: Premiere of the amusing opera Les Pêcheurs of François Joseph Gossec at the Comédie Italienne in Paris.
• 1775: Premiere of the Mozarts' drama by musica IL Rè pastore in Salzburg, KV 208
• 1830: Premiere of the opera Danilowa of Adolphe Adam to the Opéra Comique in Paris.
• 1962: Premiere thatOpera king Nicolo of Hans Chemin Petit in Aachen.

religion

• 1834: Johann Gerhard Oncken creates first Baptisten b/ municipality< in Hamburg> Germany.
• 2005: Office introduction of Pope Benedikt XVI. in the Vatikan.

sport

• 1954:Milestone in the history of the basketball: The NBA introduces the throw clock .

Entries from athlete IC world records are under the respective discipline under Leichtathletik; for events within the range formula 1 see there.

born

• 1185: Alfons II., King of Portugal
• 1336: Olivier V. de Clisson, Connétable of France
• 1371: William II. of Meissen, second son of Mark count Friedrich
• of the 1464: Johanna of France, duchess of Orleans and queen ofFrance
• 1484: Julius Caesar Scaliger, human scholar
• 1500: Alexander Alesius, theologian and Reformator
• 1508: George Sabinus, establishment rector of the university to king mountain
• 1516: George Fabricius, German poet, historian and archaeologist
• 1522: Katharinade Ricci, Priorin of the monastery Prato in Toscana
• 1564: William Shakespeare, English writer (assumed birthday)
• 1598: Maarten H. Tromp, Netherlands admiral
• 1649: Andreas Kneller, German composer and organist
• 1679: Johann George dear farmhand, German professor of theology and mathematics
• 1697: George Anson, 1. Baron Anson, British naval officer
• 1708: Friedrich of Hagedorn, civil Rococo poet
• 1715: Johann Friedrich Doles, German composer and Thomaskantor
• 1738: Friedrich August,German prince and first duke of Nassau
• 1756: Jean Nicolas Billaud Varenne, French revolutionary
• 1765: Jacob Fidelis field man, German physician
• 1768: Friedrich Groos, German physician and philosopher
• 1768: José Álvarez, Spanish sculptor
• 1774: George books, captain and contactor major in the animal oiler liberty fight
  

  William Turner (* 1775): The pc. God hard passport (1804)
• 1775: William Turner, British painter
• 1778: John Harvey, British general and colonial administrator
• 1780: Carl Anton Henschel,Upper mountain advice and founder of engine works Henschel
• 1791: Friedrich Olivier, German painter
• 1791: James Buchanan, 15. President of the USA (1857-1861)
• 1799: Ferdinand of Westphalen, Prussian Minister of the Interior
• 1804: Marie Taglioni, Italian dancer
• 1805: Johann Karl Friedrich Rosenkranz, German philosopher and Hegel Biograph
• 1809: Karl William Ludwig of Hessen, prince of Hessen darmstadt
• 1813: Stephen Arnold Douglas, US-American politician and presidency candidate
• 1819: Edward Stafford, prime minister of New Zealand
• 1822: Alfred Dehodencq, French painter
• 1823: Abdülmecid I., Sultan
• 1825: Emil Welti, Swiss politician
• 1827: Johann Friedrich of trained, professor for civilian and church right as well as historical jurisprudence
• 1828: Albert I., from 1873 to1902 king of Saxonia
• 1845: Adolf of Zemlinszky, Austrian writer and journalist
• 1845: Pietro Andrea Saccardo, Italian Botaniker (Mykologe)
• 1851: Carl Sophus Lumholtz, Norwegian natural scientist and Ethnologe
• 1855: Ernst von Wolzogen, GermanWriter
• 1858: Ethel Smyth, English Komponistin
• 1858: Max Planck, German physicist and Nobelpreisträger
• 1860: Otto mill-hope, German dentist, pioneer of the Roentgen tooth diagnostics
• 1861: Carl Moll, Austrian painter of art nouveau
• 1861: Edmund Allenby, British field marshal
• 1867: Johannes Fibiger, Danish pathologist
• 1871: František Josef Čečetka, Czech writer and paedagogue
• 1873: Arnold van Gennep, French Ethnologe
• 1875: Adelheid Netoliczka Baldershofen, Austrian old philologies and librarian
• 1876: ArthurMoeller van bridge, German culture historians and writers
• the 1879: Emil Barth, German politician
• 1879: Roll ago Spielmeyer, German psychiatrist and neurologist
• 1880: Michel Fokine, Choreograf and founder modern ballet
• of the 1884: Jusztinián GyörgySerédi, archbishop of Esztergom and cardinal
• 1889: Karel Doorman, Netherlands countering admiral
• 1891: Sergei Sergejewitsch Prokofjew, Russian composer
• 1892: Lutz tail, biologist and director of zoo
• 1892: Smelling pool of broadcasting corporations Huelsenbeck, German writer
• 1893: Franc Borzage, US-American film director
• 1893: Willi shrubs, German actor
• 1893: Adolf Cillien, German politician and MdB
• 1893: All Welsh Dulles, director of the cent ral Intelligence Agency (CIA)
• 1895: Ngaio march, crime film authoress of New Zealand
• 1896: George Messier, French chemistry engineer
• 1897: Lester B. Pearson, Canadian politician
• 1897: Lucius D. Clay, politician and military member
• 1897: Pixinguinha, musician
• 1898: Edwin Erich Dwinger, German writer
• 1899: Bertil Ohlin, Swedish Ökonnom
• 1899: Vladimir Nabokov, Russian writer
• 1902: Halldór keel Kiel Laxness, Icelandic writer
• 1903: Guy Simonds, Canadian general during and after the Second World War
• 1903: Karl Larenz, German civil practice lawyerand right philosopher
• 1903: Peter Duhr, German writer
• 1907: Fritz Wotruba, Austrian sculptor
• 1908: Egon Hostovský, Czech writer
• 1908: Myron Waldman, US-American Trickfilmanimateur
• 1909: Margot Kalinke, German DP and CDU politician andMdB
• 1910: Simone Simon, French actress
• 1911: Józef Cyrankiewicz, Polish politician and Prime Minister
• 1911: Valentin bridge, German politician
• 1912: Hedda Theen Pontoppidan, German painter
• 1912: Willy Thieme, German politician
• 1914: Erich Linnhoff, German athlete
• 1915: Christine Busta, Austrian Lyrikerin
• 1915: Fritz Pröll, KZ-prisoner in Dora central tract, Saboteur at V2 rockets
• 1916: Ludwig Jedlicka, Austrian historian
• 1919: Silja walter, Benediktinerin and authoress
• 1919: Yoshitaro Nomura, Japanese film director
• 1920: Friedrich harming mountain, German entrepreneur
• 1920: Hans's beautiful one, German football player
• 1923: Pure-hard Koselleck, German historian
• 1924: Maria von Wedemeyer, got engaged by Dietrich Bonhoeffer
• 1924: Ruth Leuwerik, German actress
• 1926: J. P. Donleavy, irischstämmiger US-American writer
• 1927: Werner cook, German valuation expert
• 1928: Shirley Temple, US-American actress
• 1929: Ernst Wilhelm Sachs, German Industrieller
• 1929: George Steiner, Writers, literature scientists and culture critics
• 1929: Max Bolliger, Swiss writer
• 1930: Silvana Mangano, Italian actress
• 1931: Billy Dave haven, Schlagzeuger
• 1932: Hansl Krönauer, German composer and singer
• 1935: Coskun Tas, Turk football player
• 1936: Adelheid Duvanel, Swiss writer
• 1936: Peter Horst Neumann, German poet, essayist and literature scientist
• 1936: Roy Orbison, US-American Country and rock singer
• 1938: Helmut Illert, German television journalist
• 1939: Fritz Pott, GermanFootball player
• 1939: Lee of major, US-American actor and singer
• 1939: Ray Peterson, US-American skirt “n” roll singer
• 1939: Stefano Bontade, powerful Sicilian Mafioso
• 1940: Dietrich Schwanitz, German Anglist and writer
• 1941: Karl Ludwig scratch, German core chemist and astrophysicist
• 1941: Paavo Lipponen, Finnish president
• 1942: Sandra DTE, US-American actress
• 1943: Fray to Koppelaar, Netherlands painter
• 1943: Hervé Villechaize, French actor
• 1943: Tony Esposito,Ice hockey player (Canada)
• 1944: NIC louse Schilling, film director cameraman author
• 1946: Blair Brown, actress
• 1946: Clemente Domínguez y Gómez, head of the Palmarianisch catholic church
• 1947: Christer Pettersson, main suspect of the murder of the Olof palm
• 1947: Pure hard Schwabenitzky, Austrian director and film script author
• 1948: Enver Maric, Yugoslav football player
• 1949: Harsh ore mill mountain, German football player
• 1949: John Miles, British musician
• 1950: Maria Böhmer, German CDU politician and MdB
• 1950: Rolf Schilling, German poet and writer
• 1953: Jerzy Klempel, Polish hand ball player
• 1953: Marion Titze, German authoress
• 1954: Michael of moorlands, US-American author and documentary film producer
• 1955: Judy Davis, Australian actress
• 1955: Ronald MacDonald, economist at the University OF Glasgow
• 1955: Tony Miles, British chess master.
• 1957: Dominique hearing joke, German actor
• 1957: Neville Brody, diagram designers, writing designer and kind Director
• 1957: Peter Nebelo, German politician
• 1958: Hilmar Örn Hilmarsson, musician, film musician
• 1958: Radu Mihaileanu, Romanian-French film director
• 1961: Andrej Kurkow, russischsprachiger writer from Kiew
• 1961: Dirk brook, German actor, moderator and Comedian
• 1961: Franc Lippmann, GermanFootball player
• 1962: Michael F. Feldkamp, German historian
• 1963: Pia Cramling, Swedish Schachspielerin
• 1963: Rolf Wouters, Netherlands moderator
• 1964: Torsten Fenslau, German disk Jockey and music producer
• 1966: Franco Foda, football player
• 1966: Lembit Oll, estnischer chess player
• 1966: Michael Kraft, German football player
• 1967: Melina Kanakaredes, Greek-American actress
• 1968: Timothy McVeigh, US-American terrorist
• 1974: Barry Watson, actor
• 1976: Gabriel Damon, US-American Filmschauspielerand film producer
• 1977: Bram Schmitz, Netherlands wheel running driver
• 1977: John Cena, American professional Wrestler
• 1977: Kirsten Lee Clark, US-American Skirennläuferin
• 1978: Gezahegne Abera, äthiopischer marathoner and olympia winner
• 1979: Jaime King, US-AmericanActress
• 1979: Lauri Johannes Ylönen, singer and Songwriter of The racing mash
• 1979: Nicolas portal, wheel running driver
• 1979: Samppa Lajunen, Finnish Nordi Kombinierer
• 1979: Tamee Harrison, Popsängerin
• 1980: Nile DO ring, German football player
• 1981: Seka Aleksić, Serbian Folksängerin
• 1982: Kuru, Turkish, however license football players born in Germany
• 1983: Daniela Hantuchová, slowakische Tennisspielerin
• 1983: Jennifer welfare, Canadian Skisportlerin
• 1983: Leon Andreasen, Danish football player
• 1984: Alexandra Konstantinowna Kostenjuk, Russian Schachspielerin
• 1985: Maria Kwiatkowsky, German actress
• 1985: Sebastian Freis, German football player
• 1986: Sven shopkeeper, Netherlands ice high-speed runner
• 1988: Erica Mer, US-American film actress
• 1989: NIC oils Vaidišová,Czech Tennisspielerin

died

• 0,997: Adalbert of Prague, faith messenger in Hungary and Prussia
• 1124: Alexander I., King of Scotland
• 1217: Inge II., King of Norway
  Honoré Daumiers painting Don Quichotte andSancho Pansa (around 1868)
• 1616: Miguel de Cervantes, Spanish writer (Don Quijote)
• 1616: William Shakespeare, English writer (after at that time the Julian calendar) 1625 still valid in
• England: Moritz of Oranien, governor ofHolland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Geldern and Overijssel
• 1691: Jean Henri d'Anglebert, French composer, Cembalist and organist
• 1728: Tomás de Torrejón y Velasco, Peruvian composer
• 1780: Maria Antonia Walpurgis, Kunstmäzenin and Komponistin, painter and Dichterin
• 1796: Theodor God-dear from Hippel, Prussian writer
• 1821: Pierre Riel de Beurnonville, French general, Pair and marshal of France
• 1825: Painters Mueller, German painter, Kupferstecher and poet storm and urge
• of the 1845: Johann Rudolf Czernin, Austrian civil servant
• 1847: Eric Gustaf Geijer, ranks among the most important Swedish writers of the romance
• 1850: William Wordsworth, British poet
• 1851: Mikhail Petrowitsch Lasarew, Russian naval officer and admiral
• 1866: Charles Grant, ScottishPolitician
• 1873: Wolfgang Menzel, German poet of the late romance
• 1877: Adolphe van Soust de Borkenfeldt, Belgian poet and art historian
• 1923: Luise Marie Elizabeth of Prussia, Grand Duchess von Baden
• 1924: Karl Helfferich, German politicianand banker
• 1925: Arm and Marseille, GermanRussian doll manufacturer
• 1938: Elizabeth Tombrock, medal foundress
• 1939: Maria Gabriella Sagheddu, Italian Trappistin
• 1941: Erich Basarke, German architect
• 1945: Albrecht count von Bernstorff, German diplomat andResistance fighter
• 1945: Klaus Bonhoeffer, German lawyer and resistance fighter
• 1945: Otto Hübener, German resistance fighter
• 1945: Ruediger Schleicher, resistance fighter against the national socialism
• 1952: Elizabeth Schumann, GermanUS-American Sopranistin
• 1952: William Paschek, German politician
• 1958: Wolfgang Klausner, German politician
• 1959: Egon pure ore, German politician
• 1966: Otto bear, mayor of Magdeburg
• 1969: Krzysztof Komeda, Polish jazz musician and composer
• 1970: Adeline Genée, Danish ballet dancer
• 1972: Walter Czollek, director/conductor of the publishing house people and world in the GDR
• 1978: Ludwig cutter, German politician
  Harold Arlen († 1986)
• 1986: Harold Arlen, US-American composer, OSCAR for Somewhere more over the Rainbow
• 1986: Otto Preminger, Austrian-US-American film director
• 1989: Hamani Diori, Nigerian politician and first president
• 1991: Johnny Thunders, US-American Punk musician
• 1992: Satyajit Ray, Indian film director
• 1992: Rosemary Sutcliff, English authoress
• 1993: Bertus Aafjes, NetherlandsWriter
• 1993: César Chávez, founder of the US-American agricultural worker trade union
• 1993: Guido Carli, Italian economist
• 1993: Günther Storck, catholic priest and bishop
• 1993: Marguerite Broquedis, French Tennisspielerin
• 1996: P. L. Travers, AustralianAuthoress (Mary Poppins)
• 1998: Gregor of Rezzori, Austrian writer and Filmschauspieler
• 1998: James Earl Ray, US-amerikanischer assassin
• 1998: Konstantinos Karamanlis, Greek politician
• 2001: Raymund Schmitt, president of the district daily of Lower Franconia
• 2002: Linda Lovelace, US-American Pornodarstellerinn
• 2002: Manfred Bieler, German writer
• 2003: Abram Bergson, US-American restaurant theoretician
• 2003: Harsh ore Riehl Heyse, German journalist and author
• 2003: Briefly Klinger, Austrian writer
• 2005: GeorgePan Cosmatos, Italian film director
• 2005: John Mills, British actor
• 2005: Romano Scarpa, Italian Comic draughtsman

celebration and anniversaries

• church anniversaries
  • Hl. Adalbert of Prague, bishop, faith messenger, martyr (catholic, Evangelist)
  • Hl. George,Martyr in Kappadozien (catholic, Evangelist, anglikanisch, orthodox). See also to George day
  • Turkish child celebration
• world day of the book and copyright (UNESCO)
• day of the German beer

see also: Historical anniversaries, time scale