31. December
of the 31. December is the 365. Day of the Gregorian calendar (the 366. in leap years): and thus the last day of the yearly.
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of events
Schneeballschlacht around 1400 (master Venceslao: January, Detail)
- ,192: Narcissus strangles the emperor Commodus 0 ,406
- Rome: Vandalen, Quaden, Alanen, Sueben and Alamannenbreak in together in Gallien . The Roman Rhine border breaks together
- 1435: The peace of Brest resembles the interests of the German medal with Poland and Lithuania from
- 1472: In Amsterdam throwing Schneebällen forbade
- 1494: ThoseTroops of the French king Karl VIII. penetrate in Rome . The ruler wants to intersperse hereditary requirements on the Kingdom of Neapel
- 1600: The British east India company is created
- 1621: The peace of NIC oil castle II. terminates the arguments between emperors Ferdinand. and Bethlen Gábor, prince of filter defiency guarantees
- 1687: From France emigrated Huguenots arrive at the cape of good hope . Some Rebstöcke bring along and to begin with the cultivation of wine
- 1695: To England one is window-expensively introduced. Around the tax tooavoid brick shopkeepers many windows to
- 1775: The British defeat American troops in the battle with Québec and prevent thereby the conquest of Canada
- 1805: French revolution calendar: Its last validity day breaks on
- 1851: Issuing the Sylvesterpatente in Austria, in which 1849 the issued fundamental right patent is again waived. The Neoabsolutismus follows
- 1857: Queen Victoria decides for Ottawa as capital of Canada
- 1879: Thomas Alva Edison leads for the first time in the city Menlo park (New jersey) its electrical lighting
- 1904 ago: New Yorker Time Square for the first time for the celebration of the new yearly uses
- 1946: Juan Perón becomes a president of Argentina, his Mrs. Eva Perón roofridge lady
- 1948: The 100.000.Airplane landing in Berlin since establishment of the air lift
- 1954: the three-day-long conference of the representative governments of the GDR ends, Polish People's Republic and the Tschechoslovakai in Prague with the resolution over the common protection of the inviolability of the borders of the three states
- 1961: The Mars resounding plan runs out, after more were spent as 12 billion dollar than reconstruction assistance on Europe
- 1964: End of the three-day-long census in the GDR, after which the resident population covered 17.003.632 humans. In the year 1950 were therestill 18.388.172 humans
- 1972: Portugal steps from the UNESCO from
- 1987: Robert Gabriel Mugabe becomes the head of state in Simbabwe
- 1991: Acknowledgment of Kazakhstan by Germany
- 1991: Last transmission day of the German television radio, the earlier GDR television
- 1991: The Soviet Union is officially dissolved
- 1993: Peru gives itself a new condition and becomes republic
- 1999: Hama Amadou becomes a head of the government of the Republic of the Niger
- 1999: President Boris Yel'tsin withdraws and Vladimir Putin becomes a president of Russia
- 1999: The USA hand the Panama channel zone over at Panama
- 2002: In Berlin welcome approx. 1 million visitor on 1.5 km are enough for fixed mile at the breaking citizen gate the new year
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economics
- 1983: Those threw AG Weser must are closed, more than 2,000 coworkers lose their job
- 2001: Last day of the German Marks as legal tender in Germany
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science and technology
- 1968: The Soviet supersonic aircraft Tupolev Tu-144 starts to its maiden flight
- 1986:Quiet putting of the Pressnitztalbahn
culture
- 1842: Premiere of the amusing opera that game contactor of Albert Lortzing at the city theatre in Leipzig
- 1935: Premiere of the cheerful opera the large Sünderin of Eduard Künneke at the state opera under the lime trees in Berlin
- 1939: The Viennese Philharmonics give their first New Year concert
- 1969: By the appearances the Beatles' legendary Hamburg star club become [
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closes
- 1946: Joseph cardinal Frings holds its famous Silvesterpredigt in Cologne Riehl
- 2006: Victim celebration, Islamic celebration
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disasters
- 1703: Earthquake with Tokyo, Japan. Destruction of Odawara, Tokyo and other cities, about 150,000 dead ones
- 1970: Pc. Petersburg, Russia. Crash Russian Ilyushin of a II-18 Aeroflot. All 93 persons on board die
- 1986: With a hotel fire in San Juan (Puerto Rico) die 97 humans, 140 hurts
- 2004: After igniting a Silvesterrakete in a Discothek in of Argentina capital Buenos Aires comes it to a fire, in that about 180 humans dies and approx. 400 further to be hurt
sport
- each year: Final play with the ice hockey tournament Spengler Cup in Davos
of entries from athlete IC world records are under the respectiveDiscipline under Leichtathletik; for events within the range formula 1 see there.
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born
- 1378: Kalixt III., Pope from 1455 to 1458
- 1488: Johann Briesmann, German theologian and Reformator
- 1550: Henri I. deLorraine, duc de Guise, oldest son of François de Guise and Anne d'Este
- 1571: Go-Yozei, emperor of Japan
- 1668: Herman Boerhaave, Netherlands physician
- 1718: Nicolas Sylvestre Bergier, French theologian
- 1720: Charles Edward Stuart, in the exile of living throne candidates on the throne of Great Britain and Ireland
- 1738: Charles Cornwallis, British politician and general
- 1741: Maria Isabella von Bourbon Parma, princess von Bourbon Parma and Erzherzogin of Austria
- 1747: Gottfried August citizen,German poet
- 1764: Johann Albert Eytelwein, German civil engineer
- 1796: Ottilie of Goethe, Schwiegertochter Johann Wolfgang von Goethes
- 1803: Johann Carl feel-rot, German natural scientist
- 1815: George Gordon Meade, general of the union army in the AmericanCivil war
- 1816: William Gull, was suspected, Jack the Ripper to be
- 1820: Helene Demuth, lady housekeeper by Jenny and Karl Marx
- 1820: Nikolai Jakowlewitsch Afanasjew, Russian violin virtuoso and composer
- 1825: James main header right, GermanTown planner
- 1838: Émile Loubet, French president 1896-1906
- 1838: Aimé Jules Dalou, French sculptor
- 1842: Giovanni Boldini, Italian Portraitmaler
- 1846: Ferdinand Domela Nieuwenhuis, Netherlands politician
- 1848: Amos Burn, English chess master
- 1852: Carl Friedrich Ludwig Anton bar man, German classical Philologe and Gymnasialdirektor
- 1853: Jakob Reumann, German politician
- 1855: Giovanni Pascoli, Italian poet
- 1864: Hans at the end, German painter
- 1864: Robert Grant Aitken, US AmericanAstronomer
- 1864: Alessandro Longo, Italian composer and music scientist
- 1869: Henri Émile Benoît Matisse, French painter and commercial artist
- 1877: August Frölich, German politician
- 1877: Viktor Dyk, Czech poet, Prosaist, dramatist, politician and attorney
- 1880: George Catlett marshal, American general, politician (Mars resounding plan assistance), Nobel peace prize carriers
- 1881: Max pitch stone, German painter and commercial artist
- 1887: Willy of Romans, German press photographer
- 1889: Marcel Pilet Golaz, Swiss politician
- 1889: Adolf Grimme, GermanPolitician
- 1890: Friedrich Nowack, German politician
- 1893: Friedrich Christian prince of Saxonia, boss of the house Wettin
- 1894: Pola Negri, Polish actress and a star of the silent movie
- 1894: Ernest John Moeran, British composer
- 1896: Carl Ludwig seal, German mathematician
- 1897: Else Hueck Dehio, German authoress
- 1898: Erich sour, German theologian
- 1899: Silvestre revue LTA, composer
- 1902: Matthias Gleitze, German local politician
- 1903: Hans's Erhard support, German sport physician
- 1904: Nathan Milstein, American Violinist of Ukrainian origin
- 1905: Jule Styne, US-American composer
- 1905: Guy Mollet, French politician
- 1908: Simon Wiesenthal, Austrian writer and director/conductor of the Jewish Dokumentatioszentrums Vienna
- 1909: Ernst Kramer, German architect and restaurant historian, member in the National Socialist Fuldaer homeland federation
- 1910: Werner Conze, German historian and rector of the University of Heidelberg
- 1911: Dinmuhamed Achmedowitsch Kunajew, Soviet politician
- 1912: John Dutton frost, BritishMajor general and Air Force officer
- 1913: René cutter, Chilean general
- 1918: Gunder Hägg, Swedish athlete
- 1919: Artur Fischer, German inventor
- 1920: Günter Matthes, German journalist
- 1925: Irina Korschunow, German authoress
- 1925: Hermann Josef hospital, bishop von Trier
- 1926: Hermann Lübbe, German philosopher
- 1927: Dieter Noll, German writer
- 1932: Mild-talk cross-eyed, German lady doctor, wife about walter cross-eyed and foundress of the German cancer assistance
- 1932: Felix Rexhausen, German journalist, author and Satiriker
- 1935: Peter Herbolzheimer, German Posaunist and picking up vein
- 1936: Siw Malmkvist, Swedish hit singer
- 1937: Paul Spiegel, German journalist, entrepreneur and president of the Central Council of the Jews in Germany
- 1937: Nicolas fount, German writer
- 1937: Anthony Hopkins, British-US-American actor
- 1937: Avram Hershko, Israeli biochemist
- 1939: Peter Camejo, US-amerikanischer politician and environmentalist
- 1939: Günter Lehmann, German professor and director of theEuropean Institut for postgraduale education
- 1941: Alex Ferguson, Scottish football coach
- 1942: Andy of buzzer, English Pop and skirt guitarist
- 1942: Ferdinand Lacina, Austrian politician
- 1943: Wolfgang Gerhardt, German politician, chairman of the FDP Bundestag faction
- 1943: Ben Kingsley, actor
- 1943: John Denver, US-American Country and Folk singer
- 1943: Refuge Heese, German football player and football coach
- 1944: Dieter Weirich, former director
- 1944: Taylor chopping Ford, US-amerikanischer director and producer
- 1945: Leonard Adleman, mathematician and Kryptologe
- 1946: Ljudmila Alexejewna Pachomowa, Russian Eiskunstläuferin
- 1947: Klaus Hagemann, German politician
- 1947: Gerhard Ludwig Mueller, bishop of Regensburg
- 1948: Joe Dallesandro, US-American actor
- 1948: Donna buzzer, US-American singer
- 1949: Rainer Fetting, German painter sculptor
- 1949: Bärbel Zieling, former Oberbürgermeisterin of Duisburg
- 1950: Karl Addicks, German politician
- 1950: Inge Helten, German light athlete and Olympionikin
- 1950: Carl Hubertus of Butler, German general
- 1951: Hartmut mol L ring, politician of Lower Saxony
- 1951: Kenny Robert, US-amerikanischer Motorradrennfahrer
- 1951: Barbara Carrera, actress, Model
- 1951: George Thorogood, US-American Bluesrock musician
- 1953: Jane Badler, US-AmericanActress
- 1955: Stephan Krawczyk, German singer-songwriter and writer
- 1955: Gregor brown, German wheel running driver
- 1956: Christine cross-eyed, German politician
- 1956: Helma Knorscheidt, German light athlete
- 1957: Fabrizio Meoni, Italian Motorradfahrer, diedthe Rallye Dakar
- 1958: Uwe Scholz, German Choreograf and director of ballet
- 1959: Val Kilmer, US-American actor
- 1959: Konstanze Breitebner, Austrian actress
- 1961: Rainer Ernst, former German football player
- 1962: Traudl hook ago, GermansSkirennläuferin
- 1962: Katy truck farmer, German actress
- 1963: Ahmed Almaktoum, sport contactor from the united Arab emirates
- 1963: Scott Ian rose field, US-American guitarist
- 1965: Nicholas Sparks, US-American writer
- 1965: Gong left, ChineseFilm actress
- 1968: Nina Kraft, German tri athlete
- 1969: Claudia small ore, German TV-host
- 1972: Mathias Hain, German football player
- 1972: Joey McIntyre, US-American singer
- 1974: Bastian Böttcher, first German-speaking RWS poet
- 1974: Mario Aerts, Belgian wheel running driver
- 1981: Tobias Rau, German football player
- 1981: Margaret Simpson, light athlete (filter fight) from Ghana
- 1984: Demba Touré, Senegalese football player
- 1985: January Smit, Netherlands singer
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died
- 192: Commodus, Roman emperor
- ,335: Silvester I., Pope, dailyholy 31. December
- 1194: Leopold V., Duke of Austria and the Steiermark from the sex of the Babenberger
- 1384: John Wyclif, English philosopher,Theologian and Kirchenreformator
- 1386: Johanna of Bavaria, first wife of the böhmischen king Wenzel IV
- 1426: Thomas Beaufort, 1. Duke of Exeter, chancellor von England, Duke OF Exeter
- 1462: Heinrich Rubenow, Greifswalder mayor
- 1483: Gilles Joye, Belgian theologian, poet, singer and composer
- 1511: Bianca Maria Sforza, Ehefrau emperor Maximilians I.
- 1524: Johannes Widmann, German physician
- 1563: Charles I. de Cossé, comte de Brissac, French general and diplomat,Marshal of France
- 1574: Lütke of name, German theologian and Franziskanermönch
- 1583: Thomas Erastus, reformed theologian from Switzerland
- 1610: Ludolph van Ceulen, Netherlands mathematician
- 1650: Dorgon, Wegbereiter of the mandschurischen rule over China
- 1679: Giovanni Alfonso Borelli, Italian physicist and astronomer
- 1688: Joachim Henniges of meeting field, brandenburgischer general
- 1719: John Flamsteed, English astronomer
- 1726: Peter Kolb, German teacher and Völkerkundler
- 1742: Karl III. Philipp, Duke of Pfalz Neuburg, of Jülich and of mountain
- 1793: Arm and Louis de Gontaut, duc de Biron, French general
- 1799: Louis Jean Marie Daubenton, French natural scientist
- 1830: Stéphanie Félicité Ducrest de Saint Aubin, comtesse de Genlis, French authoress
- 1864: George Mifflin Dallas, US-American politician
- 1865: Fredrika of Bremen, Swedish authoress and guide of the women's movement
- 1869: Louis Lefébure Wely, French organist and composer
- 1869: Anton Haizinger, Austrian opera singer (tenor)
- 1872: Aleksis Kivi, Finnish national writer
- 1877: Gustave Courbet, French painter of realism
- 1880: Arnold Ruge, German writer
- 1882: Léon Gambetta, French statesman of the third republic
- 1890: Hyacinthe Aube, French admiral and governor von Martinique
- 1891: Domenico Agostini, cardinal of the catholic church
- 1894: Thomas's Jean Stieltjes, Netherlands mathematician
- 1899: Karl Millöcker, Austrian Operettenkomponist
- 1900: Hannibal Goodwin, US-American clergyman and inventor
- 1901: Hugo Karl Anton Pernice,Professor of the medicine in grab forest
- 1902: Arwed Rossbach, architect in Leipzig
- 1903: George von Liebig, German physician and Klimatologe
- 1905: Alexander Stepanowitsch Popow, physicist
- 1913: Seth Carlo Chandler, American astronomer
- 1916: Ernst Rudorff, German musician, art paedagogue and Naturschützer
- 1924: George Ludwig Rudolf Maercker, German major general
- 1936: Miguel de Unamuno, Spanish philosopher
- 1939: George value home, German buyer
- 1944: Vladimir Grigorjewitsch Jermolajew, Soviet airplane technical designer
- 1946: Franz Xaver knight of Epp, son of a professor and a career soldier
- 1948: Otto Vitense, paedagogue, Mecklenburgian national historian
- 1949: Nándor Dáni, Hungarian athlete
- 1949: Josef Maria Auchentaller, Austrian painter, draughtsman and commercial artist
- 1950: Karl racer, Austrian politician
- 1950: Charles Koechlin, French composer
- 1951: Maxim Maximowitsch Litwinow, from 1930 to 1939 Soviet minister of foreign affairs
- 1953: Albert Plesman, Netherlands aviation pioneer
- 1958: Hans's May, German composer
- 1960: To Joseph spiral, 1952 to 1960 archbishop of Munich and freesing
- 1964: Henry Maitland Wilson, British field marshal in the Second World War
- 1966: Hermann Nuding, German politician
- 1967: Dore Hoyer, German dancer and choreographies
- 1968: Hans's G. Bentz, German writer
- 1969: Carl Christian Arfsten, German politician
- 1969: Theodor Reik, Psychoanalytiker
- 1970: Franz Xaver Unertl, German politician
- 1974: Robert Margulies, German politician
- 1974: Charles E. Planks, American diplomat
- 1976: Sándor Bortnyik, Hungarian painter
- 1980: Marshal McLuhan, Kommunikations- and Literaturwissenschaftler
- 1980: Raoul Walsh, US-American film director
- 1982: Paul Essling, German assassin
- 1982: Briefly Friedrichs, German-American mathematician
- 1985: Ricky Nelson, dte rodent star in the United States
- 1986: Piero Chiara, Italian writer
- 1987: Hansl forge, Austrian Viennese song singer
- 1987: Wolfgang Zeidler, German judge
- 1989: Gerhard Schröder, German politician
- 1993: Swiad Gamsachurdia, Georgian Dissident, 1991-1992 president
- 1993: Brandon Teena, murder victim due to its Transgender identity
- 1994: Bruno Pezzey, Austrian football national player
- 1995: Fritz Eckhardt, Austrian actor, author and director
- 1995: Aleksi Matschawariani, more GeorgianComposer
- 1997: Floyd Cramer, pianist and composer, representative of the Country music
- 1997: Nicolin Kunz, Austrian actress
- 2000: Kenneth L. Pike, American linguist and Anthropologe
- 2001: Paul Hubschmid, scheizer actor
- 2001: Eileen kind of tail, US-American actress
- 2001: Matthias's fox, German actor
- 2002: Kazimierz Dejmek, Polish theatre director
- 2003: Victory lime tree Wagner, German Altistin
- 2004: Gerard Debreu, French economist and Nobelpreisträger
- 2004: Karl Otto room, judgeat the German Federal Social Court
- 2005: Fee painted, German actress
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celebration and anniversaries
see also: Historical anniversaries, time scale
