Afroasiati languages
the afroasiatischen languages (in former times also called hamito semitisch or semito hamitisch) educate a language family, which is common in west Asia in the north of Africa and. Afroasiati consists of five or six separate branches with approximately 350Languages (of it approximately 40 became extinct) and possesses about 350 millions Speaker.
Afroasiati is four large Phyla of African languages, the Joseph Greenberg in its work from 1950 to 1963 had established and those this very day thoseBasis of all klassifikatorischen work in Africa form.
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the primary branches Afroasiati
one differentiates between today the usually following fivePrimary branches Afroasiati:
Omoti was counted in former times to Kuschiti, by work of H. Fleming received it the status of a separate branch. The Bedscha is mostly understood as branch Kuschiti, few researcherssee in it a possible sixth primary branch Afroasiati. The language Ongota (Birale), spoken in Ethiopia, belongs very probably also to the afroasiatischen family and establishes (after H. Fleming) an independent further branch.
languages, speaker, geographical spreading
- Afroasiatisch >354 languages, of it 43 become extinct, 347 millions speakers: North Africa, the Near East
- Egyptian copilot table † > 1 language, become extinct: Egypt
- Berberisch > 24 languages, of it 5 become extinct, 13.5 million speaker: Northwest Africa
- Semitisch > 62 languages, of it 28 become extinct, 261 millions speakers: North Africa, the Near East, Arabia, Malta;Ethiopia
- Kuschitisch > 47 languages, of it 2 become extinct, 38 millions speakers: Northeast Africa
- Omotisch > 27 languages, 4 millions speakers: Ethiopia, the Sudan
- Tschadisch > 193 languages, of it 7 become extinct, 31 millions speakers: Southwest Chad, the south Niger, north Nigeria
to the designation
the designation “Afroasiatisch” goeson Joseph Greenberg back. It replaced the misleading and also racistic loaded old designation “Hamito Semitisch”. This is misleading, since she suggests a division in two parts of this language family in “semitische” and “hamitische” languages, which does not exist; it was in the beginning racistic, thereit a rassisches element of the “Hamiten” the “Semiten” confronted.
literature
- C.T. Hodge, Afroasiatic - A Survey. Mouton, The Hague 1971.
- B. Heine and D. Nurse, African LANGUAGEs. Cambridge University press 2000.
- B. Heine, Th. C. Harming mountain andE. Wolff, the languages of Africa. Buske publishing house, Hamburg 1981.
- H. Jungraithmayr and W.J.G. Möhlig, encyclopedia of Africa sneezing TIC. Reimer publishing house, Berlin 1983. (To a large extent become outdated)
