Anakreontik
Anakreontik (griech.), after altgriech. Poet Anakreon (6. Jh. v.Chr.) style direction designated dt. and European seal in the middle 18. Jh. (Rococo), always circling around the topics love, friendship, nature, wine, sociability playful galant.
the German Anakreontik
1733 translated Johann Christoph Gottsched as the first some the antique anakreontischen poems stylistic and metrically reliably into the German language. A goal of these translations was thus above all the improvement of the poetic styles in German. 1743 appears the “joke-clung songs after the sample of the Anakreon, given change by a Bauzner” by Christian Nikolaus Naumann. It does not create Naumann nevertheless to release a anakreontische current in Germany. It still sticks too much in its language at the metaphors and the Schwulst of the baroque. 1744 publish now Johann William Ludwig Gleim its “attempt in jokeful songs”. Johann Peter Uz and Johann Nikolaus Götz „the deserts Anakreons in reimlosen verses publish short time later “. Thus the bases are created. The deserts Anakreons are for the first time completely transferred into the German language and a first publication, which darbietet styles excluding poems in the Anakreons is on the literary market. In the consequence develops an active imitation of the poems Anakreons, which is relatively close in its motives and its formal structure.
The topics of the Anakreontik are the joy in the world and alive (carpe diem). This presses itself out in the representation of the love, the friendship and sociability, the wine benefit and the joy in nature. Also sealing actually is frequently topic. The area represented in the poem is frequently a graceful and lovely (amöne) landscape. Often personnel of the antique God world arises. So in connection with the wine above all Dionysos and Bacchus, in connection with the love Amor and Eros and particularly with Gleim e.g. Cithere (after the Greek island Kíthira, there a Heiligtum of the Aphrodite stands).
A relatively close framework also formally exists: The verse measure of the Anakreontiker is three or vierhebige Jambus, often with a female cadence. Contrary to the baroque Alexandriner obtain this verse measure an easy, tändelnden impression. It adapts thus to the topic. Also the Endreim is missing in a strictly anakreontischen poem, just as the arrangement in Strophen. By the fact it becomes necessary that other means are used for arrangement. This above all reached by rhetorical figures of the repetition on according to, word, and sentence level.
This leads to a strong redundancy of the texts. Sense and purpose were it to open to the reader that it does not depend on a rationalistic interpretation. Rather this seal is to be taken up sinnlich.
German-speaking representatives of the Anakreontik were (occasional):
