Ankara
| of these articles treats the Turkish city, for the province of the same name sees Ankara (province). |
Ankara (in former times Angora, antique name Ancyra) is since 1923 the capital of Turkey and thatprovince of the same name Ankara. The city has 5.153.000 inhabitants (2005) and is thereby the second largest of the country after Istanbul.
Table of contents |
Geografie
Ankara approximately 900 m lie until 1050 m over the sea level and have an annual average temperature of 11,7 °C. The yearly total of the precipitation is 316 mm, less thanin Berlin. The geographical coordinates are
coordinates: 39° 55 ' N; 32° 51 ' O 39° 55 ' N; 32° 51 ' O.
history
original a flowering phrygische settlement at the Persian king road, became it center of the celtic trunk that Galater, those approx. 230 v. Chr. in small Asia settled. 189 v. Chr. became Ancyra of Cn. Manlius Vulso occupied, remained however under regional rule. Only 25 v. Chr. became it capital of the Roman province Galatien. After it graduallyfrom the Romans, Persern, Arabs, which Seldschuken and the Osmani realm were conquered, sank it finally in relative Bedeutungslosigkeit.
After the First World War and the fall of the Osmani realm Ankara became 1923 of the young Turks under Kemal Atatürkbecause of its situation in central and in conscious demarcation intended for the osmanischen capital İstanbul anatolien to the capital of the again created Turkish republic.
To 28. March 1930 received the capital to today valid names to the Ankara.
economics andInfrastructure
economics
Ankara is not only the administrative centre of Turkey, but beside Istanbul and Izmir also one of the largest economic centers of the country. Jobs offer and. A. a Zementfabrik, a tractor work as well as enterprises of the food and food industry, duringthe formerly so important goat and woolly hair processing become insignificant. The industrial companies concentrate to a large extent in the west of the city, along the line after Istanbul.
education
Ankara is seat of several universities, and. A. the Ankara Üniversitesi ([1]), the Bilkent Üniversitesi ([2]), the Gazi Üniversitesi ([3]), the Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi (ODTÜ) ([4]), the Hacettepe Üniversitesi ([5]) and the Başkent Üniversitesi ([6]). (See also: List of the TurkishUniversities.)
traffic
the infrastructure Ankaras in the last decade noticeably improved. In former times the roads from rather bad quality were, meanwhile are very good them developed and also for western conditions outstanding. The achtspurige ring motorway andthe modern underground contribute considerably to the discharge of urban roads.
In addition Ankara possesses an international airport. The Esenboğa air haven is appropriate for 28 km northeast the city and in the last years was fundamentally renewed. Due to the meaning Ankaras as capitalin the year 2004 with a new airport was begun, the prospective completion is at the end of 2006.
townscape
the bent, close lanes of the old part of town wind themselves around a steep rock cone crowned by the citadel. South the old part of town extendsthe modern new city, whose characteristics are broad boulevards, numerous government buildings and messages as well as modern residential areas.
sport
three native soccer associations play in that super lie, the highest Turkish play class: Gençlerbirliği sports club, MKE Ankaragücü and BB Ankaraspor). The two first mentioned associations play 19 Mayıs, which offer place to 21,250 spectators in the Leichtathletikstadion Ankara. They are however rather secondary and thus internationally to a large extent unknown behind the İstanbuler associations.
objects of interest
as relatively young city Ankara offers only few historical objects of interest:
- Citadel of Ankara (Ankara Kalesi)
- Roman ruins: Augustustempel, hot springs, Juliansäule
- Kocatepe mosque (Kocatepe Camii)
- Hacıbayram mosque (Hacıbayram Camii)
- Anıtkabir, the Mausoleum Atatürks
further one Objects of interest are
- the Atakule TV tower and
- the museum of the Anatoli civilizations at the foot of the citadel [7].
sons and daughters of the city
- Renan Demirkan, authoress and actress
- Erdal Inönü, physics professor, ex minister of foreign affairs of Turkey
- Fazil Say,Pianist and composer
- Joe Strummer, English Punk musician, joint founder and singer/guitarist of The Clash
- Faruk Şen, director/conductor of the donation center for Turkey studies
- Hilmi Sözer, German-Turkish actor and Comedian
- Vural Öger, türkischstämmiger German entrepreneur („Öger route “) and politician
- Harun Yahya, Turkish book author
