Miner language

the miner language is a occupational group-specific technical language (Soziolekt) in the mining industry. It is characterised by creation and development of independent or modified terms .

Examples of the miner language:

A

• dismantling - release from minerals from stores.
• clear away - the service give up.
• Placing - dismissing a mountain man.
• Overburden - in the open mining stores covering rock.
• abteufen - manufacturing a pit from top to bottom.
• drive off - loose rock outSafety reasons down-tear, “the roofridges make hard”.
• Old man - range, within which the dismantling is terminated. Originally the miner, who was active already in the Middle Ages in same stores, then also of the this left pit-builds.
• At the man - someone the something at the man has,it has thereby. In the Untertagebergbau e.g. is. a pit lamp, a helmet and further always at the man.
• Creation - adjusting a mountain man.
• Ass leather - Gesässschutz of the mountain man, in particular, if it brings in on the leather (over tonnlägige pits into the mountain slips).
• prepare - won minerals cut upsort , classify, enrich, concentrate.
• Departure - from downside, upward pit manufactured from a deeper sole.
• drive - a distance manufacture.
• Aufhauen - upward a distance prominent in stores, z. B. Strive-on-strike to the device building of striving of an s, weather on striking to Ventilation.
• Äugler - assistant of the well/fount master in a salt mine. It leads the supervision across the brine
• aufwältigen - a committed a crime (collapsed) building of pits restore.
• Break off - a stepping out of stores at the day surface (broke off).
• Development - support within the mine.
• Yield - surplusfrom the yield of a mine.
• Yield - entire raw promotion at usable minerals.
• Adjustment - development of a pit field by the plant of pits and distances.
• Delete -?

• breaking mineral - also on that falls actually a goal with the dismantling of the mineral,the production is.
• Blind shaft - pit without connection to the daily surface.
• rob - reduce loose rock from roofridges and impacts
• mountain - bent connecting distance between pit building of different Teufe, z. B. between soles of a mine.
• Mountains - of the miner from the mountains loosened rock.
• mountain-free- The national gentleman could determined economically important minerals for mountain-free explain and thus their production energize. Bergfreis a mineral was allowed to acquire itself each Finder - without consideration for the landed property. The award of mine property was presupposed.
• Mine property - the right, within fixed bordersTo win mineral. Mine property is lent due to by the national gentleman.
• Brake mountain - mountain, in which with the help of braked vehicles downward one promotes.
• Break - collapse of a part of a mine.
• Building of breaks - dismantling method, with which the old person man goes according to plan to break.
• Bühnloch - into the firm rock gehauene recess, in order to take up the foot of a stamp or the end of a cap unverrückbar.
• Trimming - mass, with which locked a explosive-filled borehole, is abgedämmt.
• Butzen - a small independent mass of a certain mineral in the rock.
• Third -on allocation place of an s with several becoming detached working groups one this layer EN. A place can be occupied also with two or with four thirds.
• Copy - production of an open connection between two pit building.
• Break in - angle of inclination of stores, that is the inclination inDrop line.
• Hereditary lug - lugs for water solution and for ventilation in one or more mines. For it a portion of the yield of the mines was entitled to the Erbstöllner, which manufactured the lug.

F-J

• drive - general expression for the movement of the miner in the mine. Start, bring in: into the mine go; drive out: the mine leave; driven on: inspect, control.
• Driving art - historical device for the retracting and extending the miners. Strictly speaking two linkages attached next to each other in the pit, those by crank drive with approximately 2 m stroke moving in opposite directions up andare abbewegt. They carry footstep stages and hand grips in such a manner that one can by regular crossing of a bar on the other driving in or out.
• Travel - leaders in the pit (also track).
• Fahrtrum - in the Streckenquerschnitt area which can be kept free, that driving, i.e. the movement of the minersin the distance serves (also drive). Pit range, which contains the travels (pit leaders). Not to confound with the Fördertrum for the Seilfahrt.
• Roofridges - upper delimitation surface of a building of pits. With the building of roofridges (z. B. in a Erzgang) the mineral lining up above the dismantling cavity, which is to be diminished shortly.
• flat- in the inclination of stores. Flat tear - graphic projection seam it or course an s on one level parallel to stores.
• Seam - by sedimentation plattenförmige laminar expanded stores developed (z. B. Coal seam, iron stone seam).
• Fluder - also Gefluder: Coagulate made of wood or metalto or derive from water.
• Fördergerüst - the stand standing over the pit (“winding tower “), which carries the quadrants.
• Hoisting cage - also promotion rack, at the promotion rope hanging means of transport for material, persons and won mineral in the pit.

• hoisting engine - drive engine toFloat the promotion rope and thus the hoisting cage.
• Füllort loading point under days, at which minerals or overburden are collected and reloaded for promotion after over days.
• Find pit - pit field, which was lent due to a mineral find in build-worthy stores at the Muter as mine property. ThoseField size of a find pit amounted to z. B. on a Erzgang in the resin 42 Lachter (80.6 m) of painting length, with a Steinkohlenflöz in the Ruhr district 2.5 km ².
• Course - by filling out a gap developed stores (z. B. Erzgang).
• Pace - each mineral in the course filling out, that not a goalthe production is.
• Mountains - which rock, in which pit-build yourself the mine find.
• Gedinge - contract over for one for a certain payment work (chord), which can be furnished. The Gedinge becomes between staff and/or. Working group and production management subjectively negotiated.
• Geleucht - of the miner carriedLamp, z. B. Frog, bomb, weather, carbide, Kopflampe.
• Pit resistance - a rescue troop, which consists under days tasks similarly the fire-brigade over days, trained particularly for the employment in the mining industry, however under substantially more difficult conditions fulfilled and of freiwilligen, qualified miners.
• Die - of an upperSole ago abgeteufter pit.
• Getriebezimmerung - method to the propulsion in loose rock. Woods or profile iron are driven - in appropriate way supported - around the cavity which can be manufactured into the loose rock.
• Trades - shareholders of a trade union.
• Trade union - historical form of business organization in the mining industry, permissible toto the entry into force of the federal mining industry law 1980. From the original union of several miners to the joint enterprise of a mine finance companies with a fixed number (usually 128) of portions in the late Middle Ages (Kuxen) became. Trades - (shareholder) meeting distributed the construction costses in form of a fresh supply of funds on thosePortions, accordingly the profit was distributed as yield.
• Profits - release of the Minarals from stores, which can be diminished.
• Gezähe - tool of the miner.
• Luck up - a miner greeting, that in the Saxonian ore mountains end 16. Century developed.
• Göpel - historical conveyor plant, with the one senkrechte drive shaftby circulating horses one turns, in the w. S. a stronger hoisting engine.
• Hanging - the rock above stores.
• Hanging bank - place in the Fördergerüst, more rarely in a promotion pit (then on height of the Stollensohle) at that the hoisting cage and/or. the promotion ton or entaden becomes. Inthe rule the far above earth's surface, in order to have head for the subsequent treatment of the promoted property (S.Lawn hanging bank).
• Slopes - downward promoting in the pit, also hanging up.
• Hasp - machine to rolling the promotion rope up.
• Haspelschacht - older name for promotion pit.
• Hauer - mountain skilled workers; Lehrhauer: corresponds aboutApprentice.
• Plane - to machine to the peeling production of hard coal and ore see also sliding plane
• Hunt - open Förderwagen.
• Hat house - house over a day pit, contains the hasp, the quadrants for the promotion rope or the fan. Not to confounding with Malakow tower, winding tower or Fördergerüst.A hat house for the quadrants is mostly called today quadrant house.

K-R

• building of chambers - exploitation procedures in the underground work
• cap - bar made of wood or metal, a component door frame of the S.
• - Building over the pit, covering and wash room chews.
• Turning wheel - water wheel with reversible direction of rotationto the drive of the Schachtförderung.
• Knappe - mountain skilled workers.
• Scarce shank eyeglasses - edges of dirt around the eyes.
• Koepeförderung - Schachtförderung (after Friedrich Koepe), with which two moving in opposite directions moving hoisting cages hang themselves on the two ends of a promotion rope. The rope is carried forward by a driving disk by static friction.
• Art -historically: Machine. Hydraulic architecture: Machine to lifting water from the pit for example by piston pumps. Nails, which hit the art farmhands at the linkage led to the driving art, with which the miner could retract and extend.
• Art farmhand - historical: Miner, who builds and waits the art.
• Art wheel - water wheel with bent tap (crank) to the drive of the pumps for the dewatering.
• Kux - portion light at a trade union. Kuxe were not sold, but assign to participation-willing, later in addition, like shares acted.
• Lachter - (of Klafter) old longitudinal dimension, today 1.70 M.The Clausthaler Lachter amounted to 1.92 m, the old Freiberger Lachter 1.942 m, new Saxonian 2 M.
• Camp of sediment acres stores, which are not laminar expanded contrary to the seam.
• Letten - kneadable clay/tone, when Letten uses trimming.
• Lying - the rock underneath stores.
• Nozzle brick - the Mark sheath characteristic boundary stone over days.
• Lutte - air line for advancing fresh weather.
• Maass - measure for parts of a pit field, which could be lent beyond the find pit (about because following the find pit smaller field parts were not yet lent).In the Upper Harz 1 Maass = 28 Lachter = 53.8 M.
• Mark sheath - border of a pit field, border between pit fields.
• Markscheider - survey engineer under days.
• Mouth hole - end of a lug at the daily surface.
• - The award of mine property at a mountain-free mineral request.
• Place -the place, where it is diminished or a distance is pushed forward (“locally”). End to a distance.
• Usually hollow or trichterförmige recess at
• the daily surface, resulted to working face - wall at the end of a distance Pinge - of earlier mining industry stayed from dismantling near the surface, collapse of a pit (Schachtpinge)or a untertägigen cavity.
• Pöngel - laundry bundle (laundry net) of the miners for the transport of the work clothes.
• Transverse impact - a distance, which is driven transverse to breaking in the mountain layers .
• Ramp - bent (also spiral) connection between pit building (usually Füllort) and the daily surface. In contrast to the mountain ramps haveMouth holes. Modern ramps are in such a way built that they will drive on with truck can.
• Lawn - the natural earth's surface.
• Lawn hanging bank - hanging bank to even earth.
• Predatory exploitation - on short term maximum gain arranged dismantling, through renouncement of complete production and lasting enterprise.
• Arranging pit - pit, that straight-lined (withoutspecial consideration for the process of stores is abgeteuft).
• Arranging distance - distance, which is driven straight-lined in middle painting (“general capers”) off stores.
• Role - saigerer or tonnlägiger pit of an upper distance into an underlying. By this connection material of the upper distance can into a conveyer system of the lower distance to be poured.
• Rösche - short distance for exhausting from water.
• Chute bear - earlier term in the Ruhr district for foremen under days

S

• Salband - boundary surface between course and Nebengestein.
• Coffin cover - itself at given interfaces suddenlyfrom the hanging more solving very large stone, frequently a coffin cover similarly.
• Pit - saigerer, more rarely also tonnlägiger building of pits to promoting (promotion pit) or Bewettern (Wetterschacht). Pits, which pit-builds only untertägige connects, but to the daily surface lead, blind shafts are not called.
• Layer - regular daily work time.
• Shoot -Blow up under days.
• Tractor - assistants under days, predominantly in the promotion.
• schrämen - a Schram manufacture.
• Schram - slot handing as far as possible for the easier loosening to increase of the mineral.
• Schurf or digging - visiting stores by uncovering close of the earth's surface, in addition, by undergroundPit-build and boreholes.
• segregate - perpendicularly.
• Seilfahrt - retracting and extending the miners in the hoisting cage hanging on the rope.

• quadrant house - a little house over a day pit, which contains the quadrants for the promotion rope. A quadrant house is used instead of a winding tower, if itselfthe hanging bank under days and the hoisting engine over days rule.
• Sicherheitssteiger - safety engineer in the mining industry.
• Sole - 1. the whole of all parts of a mine lain in one level; 2. lower delimitation surface of a building of pits, z. B. a distance.
• söhlig - horizontal, totsöhlig: absolutely söhlig, withoutDownward gradient for exhausting the water.
• Pointed iron - chisel-like tools, which are held with a handle. It belongs to the historical Gezähe “Schlägel and iron”.
• Riser - pit custodian, mining engineer
• stamps - support from wood or metal for supporting the mountains.
• Lug - distance with a mouth holeat the daily surface.
• Impact - lateral delimitation surface of a building of pits (z. B. Side panel of a distance), in addition, working face: Attack region for the dismantling.
• Building of striving - Untertage exploitation procedures, with which the dismantling area in the seam moves.
• Distance - horizontal building of pits.
• Capers - process of laminar stores (seam or course) in horizontal direction, that is the process of a contour.
• Strosse - with the Strossenbau (z. B. in a Erzgang) the mineral lining up below the dismantling cavity, which is to be diminished shortly.
• Stage - small piece of rock, in particular Erzstufe.
• Hour - the horizontal direction (points to an original meaningthe word as direction, in which the sun stands). The pit compass was divided into 24 hours.
• Sümpfung - sinking of the ground-water level

time

• daily surface - everything that lies outside of the mine.
• deaf - one does not call a stores part,minerals worthy of exploitation contains.
• Teufe - the depth of a pit or a sole.
• teufen - a manufacturing of a pit from top to bottom, see abteufen.
• Foundation engineering - mining industry under days (under the deepest Wasserlösungsstollen). Contrast: Open mining.
• tonnlägig - a pit, that is not perpendicular in the mineleads, the promotion ton rests upon a plank course. Tonnlägige of pits followed breaking in of the course deviating from the vertical one under course ore way. Contrast: Segregating pit.
• Tradde remuneration with mountain damage
• drum promotion - Schachtförderung, with which the promotion rope is wound on a drum (hasp). Two are frequentRope drums in such a manner connected that a rope up and is completed the other one.

• Trum - 1.) branch of the course separated from a course; 2.) vertically separated part of a pit, z. B. Driving, promotion, Rohrleitungstrum.
• Tunnel chest - term from the tunnel construction: Place of one inBuilding tunnel present stretches, at which the lug is driven forward.
• Door frame - development construction, consisting of a cap with two of supporting stamps n. With the German door frame - differently than with the Polish one - cap and stamps are interlocked with one another, in order to resist also lateral ground pressure.
• Group mine- results from pool several mines.
• Award - Zueignung of mine property by the national gentleman.
• Disalignment - backfilling of a cavity with mountains (stowing), resulted from the dismantling.
• Device - after adjustment the preparation of the dismantling by opening stores and the installation of production andPromotion A SMELLINg.
• Roller loader - machine to the cutting production of hard coal and ore.
• Dewatering - plants and measures for exhausting a pit the flowing water.

• water solution - exhausting from water, z. B. by Wasserlösungsstollen.
• Weather - air and its movement in the mine. Blows weather- unspent air; matte weather: oxygen-poor air; striking weather: Air with a methane content between 5 and 14 per cent (explosive), bad weather: Air with high pollutant content, e.g. Sprengschwaden.
• Woman ass - designation of a pan shovel (into dams).
• Bill - other name for pit, pit.

literature

• Heinrich Veith: German mountain dictionary, Breslau 1870/1871, ISBN 3-253-01964-0

Web on the left of

• special dictionary within the geo and environmental portal free mountain
• encyclopedia with terms from mining industry and geosciences