Berne

of the titles of this article is ambiguous. For further meanings see Berne (term clarifying).

Coat of arms

base data
canton:	Berne
district:	Berne
BFS NR.:	0351
postal code:	3000-3050
coordinates:	46° 57 ' n. Break. 7° 27 ' o. L.
Height:	542 m and. M.
Surface:	51,60 km ²
inhabitants:	127 ' 217 (31. August 2005)
Website:	www.bern.ch
Map

Berne (fr. Berne; ital. and guesses/advises. Berna), capital of Switzerland. At the same time principal place of the office district Berne and capital of the canton Berne. Seat of the Universal Postal Union.

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geography

the city Berne is put on on a promontory in a river loop of the Aare. The settlement area is surrounded by hills and larger forest areas. The old part of town and the center of the cityrise highly over the close river loop. The river separates the town centre northward, the east and the south from the external accomodation. In the north the accomodation Breitenrain and Lorraine pushes the lap waste dump to the center, in the east and in the south the church field. These are attainable over high-level bridges (Lorrainebrücke , grain house bridge , Nydeggbrücke , church field bridge as well as the Monbijoubrücke). In the west Bümpliz and Bethlehem border on the center.

(See also: Quarters of the city Berne)

around the town center Berne groupitself a multiplicity of dye municipalities (Köniz, Muri, Ostermundigen, Ittigen, Bolligen, Zollikofen), with which a dye with approx. develops for 350 ' 000 inhabitants. The old person observatory (today torn off and replaced by Institut for accurate sciences) formsthe historical center of the land surveying of Switzerland and carries Swiss national coordinates 600 ' 000/200'000.

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in

August 2005 127 ' 217 inhabitants the city (inclusive inhabited population Dye of 350 ' 000 inhabitants), of it were 26 ' 836 or 21,1% foreign citizens. City president is Alexander Tschäppät (Social Democrat).

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languages

the office and writing language is German. Berne German , the local variant of the Swiss-German dialect is spoken.

Still at the beginning 20. Century was characterised Berne by a strong social language arrangement: The patrizischeOberschicht spoke the elevated Patrizier Berndeutsch, the old-established citizenry the ancient city Berne German, the lower layer in the mat accomodation the so-called mat English and the again zugewanderten spoke land Berne German.

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religions - 64%

Evangelist-reform denominations, Roman-catholic 27%. Berne is seat of the Christian-catholicBishop of Switzerland, and the synagog Berne is center of a Jewish municipality, which has today approximately 340 members.

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history

after first settlements on the tightness peninsula in the La-Tène-time and the gallorömischen epoch became the city 1191 of duke Berchthold V. of tough rings based. According to a legend it called the reestablishment Berne, because it was to have killed a bear there. Berchthold built the city after a clear plan: It became on the promontory in a loopthe Aare establishes, so that she was protected in natural way on three sides. On the fourth side a wall and a military tower were established.

The protected situation made a rapid growth for the city possible toward the west: Military tower at the westernEnd was followed to 1256 the Zytgloggeturm (time bell tower), from the cage tower to 1345 and from the Christoffelturm to 1622. This stood for 1865 in the proximity of the today's main station, however was torn off. During the Dreissigjährigen war two additional protection facilities were established, thosedigging so mentioned. In this way protected area was largely enough for the development of the city to in 19. Century.

After becoming extinct the sex of the Zähringer (1218) Berne became free realm city. 1294 becameunder the pretext, Jews would have murdered a boy, would have gerädert a part of the Jewish population of Berne and the survivor remainder from the city would have driven out. The boy was admired later under the name Rudolf of Berne than martyrs.

Independently Berne became finalwith victories in the battle at the Dornbühl (1298 over Freiburg and the having citizens) and then in the Laupenkrieg (1339) over the Burgunder. In this second battle it supported of the three forest places (Uri, Schwyz, Unterwalden),with those it had allied itself 1323.

1353 joined Berne as figure eight place the federation of inside Swiss forest places and help so the recent confederation to a substantially extended sphere of influence. After the large fire of 1405 the reconstruction that took placebefore from wood built city in sandstone. The medieval townscape developed at that time is today kept still to a large extent unchanged.

1848 were determined Berne by the first Swiss federal Presidential Election Council to the seat of the federal authorities.

Berne

Table of contents

geography

in

languages

religions - 64%

history

traffic

traffic

public traffic

air traffic

economics and science

economics

science and education

objects of interest

Bernese

Bernese Münster

reformed accomodation churches

other

Locks

of monuments

of cemeteries

culture

theatre

of concerts

museums

festival

of people celebrations

sport

football

ice hockey

acquaintance Bernese personalities

of sons and daughters of the city

see also

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