Bertel Thorvaldsen

Bertel Thorvaldsen (* 19. November 1770 in Copenhagen; † 24. March 1844 ebd.) was a Danish sculptor.

Bertel Thorvaldsen
Bertel Thorvaldsen
Thorvaldsen´s statue of Józef Antoni Poniatowski, before the president palace in Warsaw.

Thorvaldsen was the son of the Icelandic Holzschnitzers Gotskalk Thorvaldsenand its wife Karen Dagnes. Some sources call other one only Copenhagen as place of birth a ship between Iceland and Copenhagen. After first artistic instruction by the father Thorvaldsen became already with eleven years pupil of the free school of the royal academy of the beautiful arts in Copenhagen. Thereit was instructed mainly by Nicolai Abraham Abildgaard. 1787 were distinguished Thorvaldsen for its achievements in modelling with small silver medal and two years later lent one to it the large silver medal for its relief of resting Amor. By the honor of Thorvaldsens relief driving outHeliodors from the temple 1791 became a Minister count Christian Frederik Reventlow on him attentively and provided for it the necessary financial means for the continuation of the study.

1793 became Thorvaldsens relief the Apostel Petrus and Johannes heal a lame one with large gold medal premium ore. Connected alsothis price was a three-year travel scholarship for Rome. Since it had already accepted several orders, its departure retarded by three years. In the years 1793 and 1796 he gives private indication instruction; completed however mainly several statues for the palace of the hereditary princeFrederik on lock Amalienborg. In addition develop in this time among other things Büsten of the politicians count Andreas Peter von Bernstorff and Tyge Rothe.

To 29. August 1796 could begin Thorvaldsen finally its journey to Rome, which it to 8. March 1797 reached, interrupted from stayon Malta and in Neapel. Thorvaldsen celebrated and called themselves this day later than its Roman birthday “Sculptore Alberto” there. Soon after its arrival in Rome it made the acquaintance of the archaeologist George Zoëga, for that it with the study of the antique ones supported andwith the time also its Mentor became. In addition, the painter Asmus Jacob Carstens supported Thorvaldsen in his first time. 1797 referred Thorvaldsen also its first studio in the via Babuino 119, where the English sculptor John Flaxman worked before.

As briefly forwardsExpiration of the scholarship Thorvaldsen its Bacchos and Ariadne of the academy of arts in Copenhagen sent, granted these a two-year extension and 1802 around a further year. The years 1801 to 1803 were mostly coined/shaped of poverty and political unrests for Thorvaldsen. As in March 1803 Thorvaldsen togetherwith the citizen of Berlin sculptor Hagemann to Copenhagen to travel wanted, retarded the departure around some days. In this time Thorvaldsen made the acquaintance with the English banker and collecting tank Thomas Hope, still another attendance in its studio spontaneous a Jason from marble inOrder gave. A first execution had already destroyed Thorvaldsen; second found large praise by George Zoëga and Antonio Canova, did not please however the artist. Different circumstances retarded however the work and only 1828 could to Thorvaldsen the work of art to Hope to Great Britain send.

In May 1805 the academy of the beautiful arts in Copenhagen Thorvaldsen appointed as a tidy member and still in the same year honoured it the academy of arts in Bologna with a honorary membership. In this time he got some orders for state of Napoléon Bonaparte. Some work took over afterthe fall Napoleon of the Mäzen and collecting tank count Giovanni Battista Sommariva for its residence at the Comersee. This Fries the triumph course Alexander of the large one in Babylon developed 1829 a further mark for lock Christian-borrows in Copenhagen and by Samuel Amsler kongenial in copper was stung.

A work crisis mastered Thorvaldsen 1815, by withdrawing itself for some time after Montenero. In addition, in the self-chosen examination it was artistically active. In the following years it created then some its most beautiful works.

At the 3. October 1818 returned Thorvaldsen to Copenhagen, whereit professor of the Modelklasse at the academy of the beautiful arts became. In the following year he was appointed the Danish budget advice - rather an honour title as a political office. In August 1820 it left its hometown again and traveled over Germany, Poland and Austria after Italy back.

There its larger work developed, among other things a monument for Nikolaus Kopernikus from bronze, which was set up 1830 at the university place in Warsaw. When cardinal Ercole Consalvi let itself be decorated from Thorvaldsen his Sarkophag, the Vatikan became attentive to it. Although admitting Protestant entrusted,it Pope Pius VII. with a monument for it, which 1830 in the Capella Clementina of the Peter cathedral were likewise set up.

1838 undertook Thorvaldsen a further journey into its homeland Denmark and with all possible honours were received there. It implemented several orders also here:among other things it created Büsten of Ludvig getting mountain, Adam Oehlenschläger and Henrik Steffens, and when desired the king house also one of itself. In May 1841 Thorvaldsen returned to Rome, in order to settle some orders already assured there. Already in October 1842 turnedit to Copenhagen back.

To 24. March 1844 broke down Thorvaldsen during a stage performance in Copenhagen suddenly and still died on the same day at the age of 73 years. It was married never, left however a daughter.

Bertel Thorvaldsen painted of Karl Begas, around 1820
Kopernikus monumentby Thorvaldsen in Warsaw
Schillerdenkmal in Stuttgart

to the administrator of the estate its hometown Copenhagen one used. The inheritance was connected with the obligation to create a building for a museum. The city assigned the renowned architect God-dear Bindesbøll, which sketched and established the Thorvaldsen museum. It becamein the Italian style arranged whole and 1846 could be inaugurated. Worth mentioning it is still that in the inner court of this museum in a simple plain grave, umschlossenen from four pages, Thovaldsen had found its last Ruhestätte.

Nearly in its entire work brought up for discussion Thorvaldsen mythologische shapes, which itusually idealizes, in addition, represented with quiet humor, in its simplicity. The meaning of its work lies clearly in the revival of the idyl of the antique art.

Among its pupils Hermann are many helmet bites, Hermann Ernst Freund, Emil Wolff, Ludwig Schwanthaler, Eduard Schmidtof the Launitz to call Pietro Tenerani and Luigi Bienaimé.

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1839

the Stuttgart Schillerdenkmal on the old person lock place (today Schillerplatz) created honours Thorvaldsen, as a sign of the thanks received it to 1841 the honour citizen letter of the city Stuttgart.

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Literature

  • Gebhard Bott (Hrsg.): Artist life in Rome, Bertel Thorvaldsen, Schleswig Holsteini federal state museum lock Gottorf, 1991, ISBN 3-926982-23-3
  • Joergen B. Hartmann: Antique motives with Thorvaldsen : Studies to the Antikenrezeption of the classicism. - Tübingen: Wasmuth, 1979. - ISBN 3-8030-1026-8
  • Julius H. Are enough: Thorvaldsens representation of humans. - Berlin: Siemens, 1894
  • Dieter Ohly, the Aegineten: the marble sculptures of the temple of the Aphaia on Aegina: a catalog of the Glyptothek Munich, 3 Bde., Munich 1976.
  • Harald Tesan: Thorvaldsen and its sculptor school in Rome. - Cologne: Böhlau, 1998. - ISBN 3-412-14197-6
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Person data
NAME Thorvaldsen, Bertel
ALTERNATIVE NAME Thorvaldsen, Bertel of
SHORT DESCRIPTION of Danish sculptors
DATE OF BIRTH 19. November 1770
PLACE OF BIRTH Copenhagen
DYING DATE 24. March 1844
DYING PLACE Copenhagen
 

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