Diocese Mainz
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 the diocese coat of arms of 1250
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| bishop: | Karl cardinal Lehmann (since 1983) |
| bishop: | Ulrich Neymeyr (since 2003) Werner Guballa (since 2003) |
| Generalvikar: | Domkapitular Dietmar Giebelmann |
| Dekanate: | 20 |
| Pfarreien: | 344 |
| surface: | 7,692 km ² |
| inhabitants: | approx. 2.770.405 |
| catholics: | approx. 809,000 |
| portion: | 29.4% |
| address: | Bishop place 2 55116 Mainz |
| Website: | www.bistum-mainz.de |
| E-Mail address: | |
The diocese Mainz (Dioecesis Moguntinus lat) is a Diözese in parts of the Lands of the Federal Republic Hessen and Rhineland-Palatinate. In Baden-Wuerttemberg bath Wimpfen belongs as Exklave to the diocese. The Diözese can upa 1.600-jährige history look back. The 1.000-jährige history as ore diocese was affected crucially of the position of the archbishop as cure prince and a realm ore chancellor of the holy Roman realm of German nation.
Mainz is beside Rome the only Diözese of the world, which leads the title of a holy chair.
Table of contents
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history
The diocese in Roman and Frankish time
the beginnings
the diocese Mainz decreases/goes back to the earlyChristian municipality of the city. The Lyoner mentions bishop Irenäus in his writing „against the Häretiker “(Adversus of haereses) Christian, who lives in both Germanien. From this often also on Christian municipalities in the province principal places Mainz and Cologne are closed. If it gave these Christians, they lived however so inconspicuously that no literary or archaeological traces kept. Only in 4.Jh., when the church of Mainz accepted structures, can be proven few traces. As a first bishop Martinus (or Marinus) becomes often in 4. Jh.called, which is free of doubts mentioned however only in the medieval sources. Allegedly it belonged later to the bishops, incompiled signature list of the so-called of Cologne regional councils of 346 are mentioned. This Synode is however an invention of the Karolingerzeit. Bishop Μαρτϊνος is mentioned, however in the lists of the Synode of Serdika without place of origin. In the medieval bishop lists then a Marinus becomes from a preceding enumeratingRoman Popes erroneously as in former times Mainzer bishop also taken up. One assumes nevertheless in most papers Martinus first admitted in particular bishop was. Even if this is possibly not completely surely verifiable, then it applies also in critical writings as safe thatin Mainz in the center 4. Jh. a bishop resided. Bishop Crescentius, who is to have resided to Apostelschüler been its and in the first century in Mainz, specified in older papers, did not exist against it after today's realizations. Possibly one wanted in later times upthis way the meaning and the claim to the Präzedenz in relation to the ore dioceses Trier and Cologne put out.
The reigns and name of the first bishops are not occupied. The bishop lists originated in only between that to 10. and 14. Jh. and point because of the large temporal distance ineach version different names and ways of writing up.
Already emperor Konstantin recognized in 4. Jh. like also many emperors of the holy Roman realm of German nation after it the meaning of the Christian theory and above all the organization for the co-operation of the enormous realm and promoted thatDevelopment of the structures.
After that the Christianity in the imperial Residenzstadt Trier - Kathedralsitz of the oldest German diocese - had seized foot, spread it nearly already logically until to Mainz, that at this time no longer mainly garrison location (the large putting ion camp was tooBeginning 4. Jh. cleared away), but seat of high command and administrative organs was. A earlyChristian Kathedralkirche is not archaeologically so far proven. Reliably there were around the center 4. Jhs. but at least one from the sources of writing admitted Christian assembly place. As location of this area becomes sometimesthe area between the west work of the today's cathedral and the pc. Johanneskirche accepted. Here the first bishop church in Mainz could have confessed. A safe proof for a Christian municipality in the city are however the Christian grave inscriptions, which were discovered in old grave fields.
After that„Martyrologium of the Rabanus Maurus “suffered a certain Alban with an idea of the Hunnen the Martyrium. In its honours one established, perhaps still in 5. Jh.before the gates of the city the pc. Albansbasilika. This church and its building of successors were in the early Middle Agesthe by far most important church (ore) of the diocese. Alban was not the only one, the assaults of the people migration time did not survive. The church father Hieronymus reports in a letter the fact that „Mainz, conquers the once high-praised city (...) and destroys [is] - and in the church (...) much thousands ofHumans “became niedergemetzelt.
the effects of the collapse of the Imperium Romanum
the idea of the Alanen and Vandalen of the Imperium Romanum belonged to the signs of the collapse. Despite large military efforts it could not be prevented that the attacks continued to increase. succeeded to 451it the Hunnenführer Attila to cross the Rhine. It conquered Mainz and let it destroy. It succeeded to the Romans under Flavius Aëtius again, the Hunnen back urge, in addition the army leader needed however the support of Franconias and Westgoten. But as Aetius 454, fallow the Roman rule in Gallien and Germanien was murdered finally together. At that time still heidnischen Franconias took over now even the rule. The Christian life in the city was nearly completely extinguished by confusions of the wars. The municipality had become obviously so insignificant thatover its fate in the first years of the Frankish rule admits nothing is.
new beginning in Frankish time
the Frankish realm consisted first of some small principalities. That changed under king Chlodwig I., which the establishment of a Frankish large realm succeeded. Around 498he could be baptized due to a Gelübdes, which a crucial moment was in the history of the abendländischen Christianity and thus also the Diözese Mainz. Chlodwig called up 511 a realm council, which should create new church structures. Its successors Theuderich I. (511 - 534) and Theudebert I. (534 - 548) took over the penetration of the resolutions. In addition they set on Aquitanian clerics, which lifted them preferentially on the bishop chairs of their realm. To Mainz they sent to the Sidonius originating from the Rhône Loire area. When Sidonius in Mainz did not arrive exactly is admits. It is safe that he stayed to 566 still in Mainz, where he accommodated the poet Venantius Fortunatus, which perpetuated him therefore in its verses.
Sidonius as a bishop of Mainz
under Sidonius came the Christian municipality again to reputation. Venantius reports that thatBishop the city would have protected the further purge, cathedral and Baptisterium renewed and also new church established. Starting from this time the cathedral led like all its buildings of successors the Patrozinium of the Frankish nationalholy Martin of route. When Sidonius died after 580, prevailedin the Diözese again arranged conditions and an alive municipality. The diocese had achieved nearly its later borders.
Sidonius was the last Galloromane on the Mainzer bishop chair. With its successor Sigimundus began the number of the Germanic bishops. Over it not very much is well-known. Oftenis missing even information about their exact names like also over the order of their Pontifikate. It stands firmly that the Mainzer church attained a ever larger influence in the realm at this time. The bishops were usually earned officials of the respective king, for whom attainingthe conclusion of their career was. For religious line of the Diözese this presented itself extremely negatively.
The meaning of the bishop seat rose parallel with that the city. By the Frankish policy of expansion Mainz was already longer time no more eastern Vorposten, but rather link to thatagain opened mission areas in Hessen and Thuringia. With the realm also the diocese expanded since wetterauische and Thuringian areas. In 8. Jh. the areas were added around Aschaffenburg , which should form upper pin specified in the later cure state in such a way. With the establishment that Diözese peppering castle 741 was finally specified the east border of the diocese. In the west the Mainzer church could support itself particularly by the being gene which was favorably because of the close delta. behind it the Diözese bordered on the diocese Trier.
purge of Christian life
defiance of the prohibitionthe heidnischen cult and the acceptance of the Christianity this could become generally accepted in the Franconia realm only laboriously. The Frankish church was organized in 125 dioceses and 11 church provinces structurally apparently well, at the internal admission of the Christianity by the population lacked it however obviously still.In addition the Frankish self-church system came, after which the kinship head led the supervision after old Germanic heidnischen conceptions across the cult. The kinship head employed thus the priest, which led to a loosening of the connection to the local bishop and thus zwangläufig to Disziplinlosigkeiten also regarding the fightheidnischer conceptions led. This led to loosening the church structures and to actual dissolutions of the metropolitan federations. The Christian life purged.
working archbishop Bonifatius
this process could be stopped only by the iroschottische mainland mission, the 581 by the Irish monk Columban ofLuxeuil was begun. It was continued also by English monks. Their most important representative was the 672 Winfrid Bonifatius born in Wessex. Winfrid traveled 718 to Rome around itself of the Pope as Missionar assign there to let. In the following years it pulled by the realm,in order to restore the Christian faith again and carry it there, where it had not been accepted so far yet.it received 719 from Pope Gregor II. the name Bonifatius and official Germanenmissionar, 722 became weihte a Pope it besides the bishop without firm seat carrier. 723 Bonifatius returned in hessian-Thuringian mission country, where he was so successful (among other things with that cases of the Donareiche with Fritzlar that it Pope Gregor III. 732 the archbishop appointed to begin with the right bishops.
the Frankish house Meier Karl Martell extracted 737 from it,because of the weakness of the Merowingerkönige for a long time the actually strong man in the realm, on urge of some princes its special protection granted to date. Bonifatius left uncertain the Thuringia become thereby and set its activity - after a further Rome stay to papal Legaten with the powerthe mechanism of dioceses appointed - in Bavaria away. It created the dioceses Büraburg and Erfurt, which happened at expense of the Diözese Mainz at the beginning of the 40's also.
In the year 742 (or also 743) Bonifatius called up a Synode, around there thoseTo force reform of the church organization. The Synode planned also the establishment of a eastFrankish church province with seat in Cologne . This should cover the Suffraganbistümer clay gladly /Maastricht , Utrecht , Mainz , Worms , Speyer , Büraburg , Würzburg and Erfurt. First Metropolit thatChurch province wanted to become Bonifatius. For this reason the Frankish aristocracy opposition refused itself the plans of the Synode. The extremely meaning Cologne should not become seat of an anglo-saxon archbishop.
Beep pin - in the meantime autocrats - gave way to that urge of the aristocracy from own interests of power. Bonifatius remained thereforeonly the diocese Mainz, which it did not feel much obliged. There it had set 745 off because of exercised blood revenge for its father for unworthily found Gewilib as a bishop. Was accompanied Bonifatius of Lullus, which he had become acquainted with 737 in Rome. 752 weihte itBonifatius to the choir bishop - an early form of the today's bishop. After Bonifatius 754 on a mission journey in Friesland had suffered the Martyrium, Lullus followed him after the Mainzer bishop throne.
the ore diocese in the Middle Ages
Bonifatius' successor Lullus strove immediately after the appointment to let the diocese ascend to the ore diocese. These efforts were crowned after initial misses of success, when the diocese was raised around 780 /82 by the Pope to the ore diocese. Lullus and its successors reached that manyagain created dioceses into the church province Mainz were integrated. The result of this politics was northern the largest church province of the alps. The metropolitan federation of the ore diocese covered finally the dioceses Worms, Speyer, Strasbourg, peppering castle, calibrate-corroded, Augsburg, Paderborn, half, Hildesheim, Verden, Havelberg (948 - 986, thereafter ore diocese Magdeburg), Brandenburg (948 - 986, thereafter ore diocese Magdeburg), Olmütz and Prague (Olmütz and Prague 1344 from the metropolitan federation, became ore diocese with Olmütz separated Prague as Suffraganbistum). In 18. Century came the new dioceses Fulda (starting from 1755) and Corvey (starting from 1794) in addition.
Working archbishop Willigis is to be regarded of special importance, under whose auspice of the Mainzer cathedral was built and which were substantially revalued meaning of the Mainzer of archbishop chair by the continuing connection with . The archbishop ofMainz was from there starting from ore chancellor of the realm and one of the seven cure princes, who selected the king (see cure Mainz). The golden bull of 1356 determined that the archbishop of Mainz had to deliver its voice as last, so that him with equality of votes the decisioncame.
Already before the time of the Willigis 955 the Mainzer archbishop in some sources was designated as a bishop of the holy chair of Mainz. Siegfried II. from Eppstein (1200 - 1230) the designation “Sigfridus Dei finally led gratia sanctae Maguntinae sedis archiepiscopus” (Siegfried, of God grace archbishop of the holy chair of Mainz) in the coat of arms. Many coats of arms of the following archbishops showed similar formulations. Mainz became starting from the Middle Ages as “golden Mainz, which Roman church special daughter” (“Aurea Moguntia - novels Cicle - Specialis filia”) designates. The archbishop regardeditself as a second man beside the Pope.
In the late Middle Ages an eventful history began. 1344 became the Suffranganbistümer Olmütz and Prague in favor of the again created ore diocese Prague abgespalten.
modern times
1514 became Albrecht of Brandenburg archbishop, who in addition alsofrom Magdeburg and administrator held was from half. A such office abundance cost the archbishop a quantity money, was procured this particularly with drain letters, which were essentially sold by the Ablassprediger of the Mainzer church province Johann Tetzel. Tetzel and its trade became later short time,indeed 1517 along also for the reform movement Martin Luther. The reformation met with particularly fast large approval, which was favoured also by the printing invented by Johannes good mountain in Mainz. Writings could be manufactured so fast in large edition. But the Mainzer metropolitan chapter selected as a successorAlbrechts 1545 the catholic Sebastian from hay trunk to the new archbishop. The ore diocese remained so catholic.
In the baroque time Johann Philipp of beautiful fount (1647 - 1673 ) began a phase of the consolidation after confusions of in the diocese particularly for the term of office of the archbishop Dreissigjährigen war, which followed a new bloom time of ore diocese and city. In addition the archbishop was also considerably involved in the Westfäli Friendensschluss. For the new bloom time of the catholicism is also the indirect successor of the ore diocese from the same family, Lothar Franz of beautiful fount,considerably responsible.
the effects of the French revolution on the ore diocese
after the French revolution the ore diocese Mainz/cure Mainz was secularized. The realm deputation main conclusion of 25. February 1803 decided the transmission that became the ore diocese on the church of Regensburg. To 01. May 1805confirmed Pope Pius VII. the translation. The church province existing since 782 had to exist thereby stopped. In the Viennese congress 1815 the cessions of territory of the realm at France were taken back, which became ore diocese Mainz however not again-established but as Suffraganbistum of the again-created church province of the Upper Rhine also Metropolitan seat in Freiburg (see: Ore diocese Freiburg) slammed shut, to that it this very day belongs. The 1821 pulled Mainzer church borders cover themselves until today with the area of the former Grand Duchy of Hessen darmstadt. Therefore also today still the württembergische city bath Wimpfen is, formerly Exklave of the Grand Duchy of Hessen darmstadt, part of the Diözese Mainz.
new beginning: The diocese Mainz
relevant for the renewal of the diocese was after the fall of the old Erzdiözese new (of Napoleon used) bishop Joseph Ludwig Colmar, which protected also the cathedral the outline.
In late 19. Jh. the Mainzer achieved bishop Wilhelm Emmanuel of Ketteler in the social debate of the catholic church (Sozialenzyklika Leos XIII.) a überdiözesane meaning.
Late bishop Hermann people appointed the cardinal participated in the second Vatikani council , where he could bring in himself crucially.
For years the declining church tax incomes to close catholic numbers and Priesterweihen in the future will force to fuse not only Pfarreien on basis of a new Seelsorgekonzepts but also churches (see also:Church-die). Here the future use of the then former church buildings will be problematic.
Since 2004the diocese is in a renewal process “alive municipalities in renewed pastoralen units”. This diocese process takes place on broad basis under participation of all concerning. Pfarrgemeinden are stopped to an obligatory co-operation in Pfarreienverbünden and Pfarrgruppen. The Seelsorge is to be deepened and aligned missionary.
Former bishops
- Joseph Ludwig Colmar (1802 - 1818)
- William Emmanuel of Ketteler (1850 - 1877)
- Albert Stohr (1935 - 1961)
- Hermann cardinal people (1962 - 1982)
- see in addition also: List (ore) of the bishops of Mainz,
diocese arrangement
the diocese Mainz are arranged 20 Dekanate:
- When field
- Alzey/gau Bickelheim
- mountain route center
- mountain route east
- mountain route west
- being gene
- Darmstadt
- the castle
- three-calibrate
- hereditaryoh
- a pouring
- Mainz city
- Mainz south
- open brook
- Rodgau
- Ruesselsheim
- blessed city
- weather outer east
- weather outer west
- Worms
cathedral and Diözesanarchiv
- herring well lane 4
- Rochusstift
- 55116 Mainz
culture and objects of interest
- Mainzer cathedral
- Wormser cathedral
- pin church sp, Martin in being gene
- Einhard Basilika in blessed city
- pc. Stephan to Mainz (Chagall - windows)
barrier travel places
an overview of all barrier travel places is on the homepage of the diocese, see below under Web on the left of. InDiocese gives it to about 35 barrier travel places, which mostly take place for the admiration of holy ones or Reliquien. Importantly are above all:
- Bath Wimpfen - at the mountain
- bath Wimpfen - in the valley
- Rochusberg (Rochus = plague-holy) with being gene
- the castle
- gau alga home
- gau Bickelheim
- Ilbenstadt
- Ockenheim: Priorat Jakob mountain
- blessed city
- Maria Einsiedel
see also
literature
- Friedhelm Jürgensmeier: The diocese Mainz. From the Roman time to II. Vatikani council, farmhand publishing house, Frankfurt/Main 1988 ISBN 3-782-00570-8
Web on the left of
- homepage of the diocese
- everythingPlaces of pilgrimage in the diocese
- picture gallery of the Mainzer of bishops since 1900
Aachen | Augsburg | Bamberg | Berlin | Dresden Meissen | Calibrate-corroded | Erfurt | Meal | Freiburg | Fulda | Görlitz | Hamburg | Hildesheim | Cologne | Limburg | Magdeburg | Mainz | Munich-freesing | Münster | Osnabrück | Paderborn | Passau | Regensburg | Gang castle Stuttgart | Speyer | Trier | Peppering castle
