Blutegel

the Egel (Hirudinea) belong to the class of the belt worms and therebyto the Ringelwürmern. The most well-known representative among them is the medical Blutegel (zool. Hirudo medicinalis), which is already used for centuries during the blood yellow action in the medicine. Egel occur in four orders with more than 600 kinds . They are primarily Ektoparasitenin addition, there are predatory kinds.

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Web on the left of [work on] spreading in the fresh water in the whole world, live however predominantly in the water,only few in the brackish water and in the sea. They are good floats and need clean water as habitat. Outside of the water the Blutegel moves itself by two suction cups at the body ends walking. One finds landing gel particularly in the tropical forests.

By thatexaggerated employment of medical Blutegel in the first half 19. Century the blood yellow conditions were in many places radically dezimiert. However France imported 1827 and 1838 about 350 million Blutegel between. In England and Germany the numbers looked similar. Meanwhile medical Blutegel are in Europe onlyin few areas in their natural environment to find and stand for example in Germany under nature protection.

Since that time the need at medical Blutegeln is covered by breed stations (sources of supply S. Web on the left of).

characteristics

Egel are very derived Ringelwürmer. The internal segment borders are dissolved and outwardbecause of a Sekundärringelung also not recognizably. Egel have a firm number of segments, i.e. 32 (Acanthobdella has only 29). That is connected with the rear suction cup, because after he was educated, no further segments can be formed. The suction cups are unions of several segments,they are very muskulös and gland-rich. The Coelomsäcke, which occurs with Ringelwürmern in each segment, is nearly completely reduced. Only one duct system remains remaining. The intestine trains large blind bags, in which blood is stored and digested. The clear indication of the belt worms, the Clitellum,is to be seen only during the reproduction.

Blutegel (schematic): (A) Head of the Blutegels with cut open oral cavity, K the three Kiefer; (B) a Kieferplatte with their teeth at the edge

adult of animals are stretched up to 15 cm long and with bright light is a back design toorecognize. The medical Blutegel (Hirudo medicinalis) has a brownish to olivgrüne color, reddish strips on the back and black marks on the belly. The Hungarian Blutegel (Hirudo verbana) possesses however a green belly.

Blutegel are long-lived: They become only with threeYears sex-ripely and become old over 30 years.

already

suggest most Blutegel nourish themselves in addition, nutrition like the name of animal blood, some are robbers. The Blutegel thickens already during a “meal” the sucked blood, the water becomes over thoseSkin separated. The sucked blood is conserved in the body of the Egels by bacteria and is enough for until two years, in which the Blutegel must take up no more food.

Blutegel suck themselves at the skin of animals firmly, around then usually pain-free thoseTo through-bite skin. With their biting tools they penetrate thick cattle skin in few seconds. Subsequently, a Egel can suck in approximately 30 minutes up to the fivefold one of its body weight at blood. It separates about 20 different substances over the saliva into the wound,among them the Blutgerinnungshemmer Heparin and Hirudin - from these materials also the medical welfare effect of the Blutegels results - and also materials, which fight inflammations and pain can lindern. However the accurate effect of all other materials is not yet well-known. After reaching the saturation fallsthe Blutegel automatically from its victim.

life cycle

although Blutegel hermaphrodite are, need they on the one hand a partner and on the other hand mammal blood, in order to reproduce itself. After the mating up to 20 eggs are put down outside by the water and into Kokons eingesponnen. After thatSlips nourish itself the young Egel of small eddy lots, which eat or exhaust her, it suck however also at frogs.

medical use

by the injected materials is able the medical Blutegel with a multiplicity of diseases of positiveto cause. Much is again in oblivion guessed/advised, so that nowadays partly also again experimentally one tries to treat with Blutegeln.

For the production of sport albums, which Hirudin uses as active substance, Blutegel are needed.

A treatment is meaningful with the following complaints: Blood clot and Blutergüssen, cramp veins,Venenentzündungen, container calcifying, rheumatism and joint wear (like Arthrosen), muscle cramps, pulling and verse dipping, moving and headache, Menstruationsbeschwerden and ear noises.

In no case the Blutegel should be removed, before it releases from alone, because one risks otherwise infections by vomiting the Egels into the bite wound.

Legal

the medical Blutegel (Hirudo medicinalis) is located in Germany under nature protection.

literature

• Ingo William Mueller: Manual of the blood gel therapy: Theory and practice, Heidelberg: Haug, 2000, ISBN 3-8304-7016-9
• Claudia Moser, Carla Moser: Thus the blood gel therapy, Moser/Moser helps you. - Stuttgart: Haug inMedicine publishing houses Stuttgart, 2002, ISBN 3-8304-2072-2
• Peter Pukownik: Blood gel therapy: The body, southwest, ISBN 3-517-01656-X Fritz
• Jauker, Wolfgang Clauss detoxicates: Blood Auger in the research. Biology in our time 33 (1), S. 29 - 35 (2003), ISSN 0045-205X

Web on the left of

Commons: Hirudinea - pictures, videosand/or audio files

• Hirudinea - the Egelseite
• article from the aquarium and Terrarienzeitschrift Jg. 48, 168-171, 1995
• European blood gel dispatch
• blood gel breed and - dispatch of the companies Zaug
• Hirumed blood gel dispatch
• http://www.gesundheitstrends.de/gesundheitstrends/therapien/blutegeltherapie.php