Bob Marley

Bob Marley live during a concert in the resounding stadium in Zurich, Switzerland, to 30. May 1980

the Jamaican singer, guitarist and Songschreiber Bob Marley (* 6. February 1945 in Nine Mile with pc. Ann, Jamaica; † 11. May 1981 in Miami, Florida; actually Robert Nesta Marley) was a joint founder as well as the probably most meaning representative of the Reggae, which he starting from center of the 1970er years with his volumes The Wailers internationally well-knownmade. Its songs had often politically motivated and socialcritical texts. Well-known Songs is I SHOT The Sheriff, Buffalo Soldier or NO Woman NO Cry. Marley counts together with the US-American civil rights activist Martin Luther King and the South African politician Nelson Mandela to the most well-known fighters against the world-wide suppression of the black ones. Marley is considered also as most well-known representatives of the Panafrikanismus.

Table of contents

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lives

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childhood and youth

Robert Nesta Marley probably became to 6. February 1945 in the village Nine Miles, Jamaica, in the house of its grandfather born. However is this disputed, in some biographies is to be also read, it is 1944 in Rhoden resounds, in the north of the Karibikinsel, come to the world. Surely however it is that he had a black nut/mother and a white father. Its nut/mother Cedella was toTime of its birth only 18 years old. Bobs father was a 50jähriger officer (Norval Sinclair Marley) of the English army. The marriage of the two was a scandal and led to separating Captain Marleys from the army. Marley expresseditself later hardly over its English father. After some reports this had only a short relationship with the nut/mother. According to other reports it brought its family laboriously with a grocer's shop through and left it only after some years. Marleys childhood was coined/shaped of the culture of the black population of majority, of magic conceptions, of Kobolden, the conception of spirit and of innumerable stories, in addition, of the specific development of the Christianity maintained in the British colony at that time Jamaica.

Marley spent the first childhood yearsin the rural town Rhoden resound. With 16 years it broke the school off and pulled into the capital of Jamaica, Kingston. In the arm quarters from Kingston were force and hopelesness at the agenda. Music often formed the only possibility,to escape the tristen everyday life world.

Marley and its friend Bunny Livingstone (also admits as Bunny Wailer) were fascinated by the music of the American Radiosender - Soul, Country, Pop and skirt, but its nut/mother became when desired itMechanic. After some years it could give up and as musicians live however the work in a bicycle repair workshop. Marley and Livingstone created 1961 the Rudeboys; 1964 were renamed it in The Wailing Wailers. Members were beside Bunny among other things Peter Tosh(the solo career successful just like Bunny in the Siebzigern to start should). The early pieces that volume were coined/shaped from at that time popular fast, well dancable Ska. Up to the end of the 1960er years were additional elements of the African coined/shaped Jamaican people musictaken up by the Wailers, additionally the Beat was slowed down; the music style, which admits Reggae today under the name is, developed.

To 10. February 1966 he married its Cuban friend Rita Anderson one. At center of the 1960er years began itselfTo identify Bob Marley more and more with the religion of the Rastafari. it converted 1967 from the original Christianity to this faith direction. The Rastas appoint yourself to the Bible, lead a fight against the suppression of the black ones and hope for theirHome coming to Africa. They carry turned, felted hair, which to them a lion-similar appearance lends, the Dreadlocks. The religion had large influence on Marleys music with its mirror-image-ritual and mystischen elements. A religious Rhetorik often determined its songs anda hypnotische radiant emittance lent to them. In interviews he quoted gladly from the old person will.

By meeting with the musician and producer Lee Perry was born the Reggae. The unusual music fascinated the public. Bob knew itself even a carbuy and for its family - it had in the meantime two children - a house to recondition. Small tours in Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the USA followed, as well as at that time also still completely unknown Bruce Springsteen.

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death

In the autumn 1980 it should create the final break-through in the USA in the context of a tour with the Commodores and Lionel Richie. Resulting from a foot injury, the passionate football fan Marley 1977 when playing tightened itself and due to his RastaIdeology left, worsened its physical condition untreated considerably. Allegedly by its injury a Melanom (black skin cancer) was released. Metastasen formed creeping in Bobs body and struck its organs. After the first US concerts in September 1980 in bad clay/tone, Providence and in the Madison Square guards he broke down with the Joggen in the cent ral park in New York ; malicious Tumore in the liver, which became lung and in the brain diagnosed. The last appearance of its career in the Stanley theatre followed in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, to 23. September 1980.

Since the renowned physicians of the Sloan chain ring CAN cerium of center in New York gave it only few weeks, Marley contacted the German Dr. Josef Issels, in Rottach Egern a hospital for hopeless cases operated and methods used, which were recognized on the part of the professional world hardly or not at all. Marley pulled after Rottach Egern on the Tegernsee (Germany). By the chemotherapy it lost its Dreadlocks, which a disaster for it asreligious Rasta represented. The hospital was often surrounded by snow; this represented a further load for Marley. While the therapy he could be baptized as a member of the äthiopisch orthodox Tewahedo church on the name Berhane Selassie. In May 1981 finally could also Issels nothing more for Marley do. To 8. May decided Marley to return to Jamaica where it wanted to die. During the intermediate stop in Florida, where it in the early morning hours of the 11. May arrived, was already too weak it,in order fly on to be able. Marley was brought immediately in the hospital, where he deceased against 11.30 o'clock.

Its body was brought to Jamaica, where it within the framework a national funeral service in company hundred-rope one hundred humans with a Bible, its guitar (red Gibson),a Ganjazweig and a ring, which he is to have gotten allegedly given by Haile Selassie personally with a private audience, in the coffin of Kingston into its homeland village Nine Mile with pc. Ann was brought and buried in a Mausoleum.

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Marleys inheritance

Bob-Marley-Denkmal in Kingston
Bob Marley monument in Kingston

his Mrs. Rita Marley administered its deduction of approx. 30 million dollar. But soon it came to inheritance fights between producers, disk companies and its family as well as that volume.

Its efforts toward peace were only limitedsuccessfully been, neither in its own interests nor in its country. The Wailers left Jamaica because of continuous acts of violence.Peter Tosh was murdered in Kingston - whereby political motives are assumed - same applies to the Drummer its volumes, Carl clay/tone bar-saved. The musical inheritance Bob Marleys however lives on, an imperishable component of music history. Thus the important Brazilian singer and singer-songwriter Gilberto Gil dedicated its album Kaya N'Gan Daya to him. Its song GET UP conditions UP became an unofficialHymn of amnesty internationally.

To its 60. Birthday in the year 2005 world-wide intending concerts as well as large anniversary concerts in Addis Abeba and Kingston were organized. Besides his Mrs. Rita was quoted that Marley from his Mausoleum in Nine Mile, whereit buried lies, exhumiert and in a memorial place in Shashemene in Ethiopia would be buried. This released excitement and indignation in Jamaica. Apparent the Exhumierung intended by Rita Marley however wrongly one quoted; it had never plansto a Exhumierung given.

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12 children, 11 physical and 1 adopted had officially recognized children Marley; various data from its place of residence and its closer surrounding field vary however between 22 and 46 physical children. Five illegitimate children cameduring the marriage with Rita to the world (Robbie, Rohan, Karen, Ky-Mani and Julian).Ziggy Marley, the oldest son, is together with Cedella, Stephen and Sharon in a Reggaeband named Ziggy Marley & the Melody Makers. Also Ky-Mani, Julianand Damian started just as successful solo careers as Reggaemusiker.

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Diskografie

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Studioalben

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live albums

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compilations

  • putting (1984) - according to Guinness book of the records 2002 usually-sold Reggae album
  • Rebel music (1986)
  • Talkin' Blues (1991)
  • Early Collection (15.04.1991)
  • Songs OF Freedom (1992)
  • Natural Mystic (1995)
  • Soul Almighty (1995)
  • Dreams OF Freedom (1997)
  • Chant down Babylon (1999)
  • putting (DVD) (Tuff gong) (2003)
  • putting (DVD+2CD) (Tuff gong) (2003)
  • Gold (2005)
  • Soul Revolutionaries: The Early Jamaican of album 1970-1971 (2005)
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literature

  • Timothy White: Catch A Fire (Autobiografie from small to large) ISBN 3-854450-77-X
  • René Wynands: DO The Reggae. Reggae from Pocomania toRagga and the myth Bob Marley. 1995 Pieper publishing house and bulkhead.ISBN 3-492-18409-X (Pieper), ISBN 3-7957-8409-3 (bulkhead).
    Pdf version freely downloadable under [1]
  • Kwame Dawes: Bob Marley, the exception poet (Biografie). PPVMEDIEN, mountain churches. ISBN 3-932275-88-8
  • Adrian boat and Chris Salewicz: Bob Marley,Songs OF Freedom. The Bildbiografie authorizes from Rita Marley ISBN 3-453-08705-4 (Heyne
  • Robert Kopp: Bob Marley king of the Reggae (translation of some its explosivsten Songs into the German language); 1996 Raymond Martin publishing house, ISBN 3-88631-227-5
  • Constantine, Alex: Kills the Rock'n'Roll; 2002, strand publishing house, 40699 Erkrath, ISBN 3-89064-813-4
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Web on the left of

Wikiquote: Bob Marley - quotations
  • {{#if: 
| | * Literature of and over Bob Marley in the catalog of the DDB

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person data
NAME Marley, Bob
ALTERNATIVE NAME Marley, Robert Nesta
SHORT DESCRIPTION of Jamaican Reggae musician
DATE OF BIRTH 6. February 1945
PLACE OF BIRTH Pc. Ann, Jamaica
DYING DATE 11. May 1981
DYING PLACE Miami, Florida, the USA
 

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