Bosco/Gurin
| coat of arms | |
|---|---|
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| base data | |
| canton: | Tessin |
| district: | Vallemaggia |
| BFS NR.: | 5304 |
| postal code: | 6685 |
| coordinates: | 46° 19 ' n. Break. 8° 30 ' o. L. |
| Height: | 1506 m and. M. |
| Surface: | 22,12 km ² |
| inhabitants: | 72 (31. December 2004) |
| Website: | [1] |
| Map | |
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Bosco/Gurin (also Bosco Gurin, Bosco Gurin) (Italian/walserdeutscher double name) a municipality is in the district Vallemaggia of the canton Tessin in Switzerland.
Table of contents |
name
the correct way of writing changed because of linguistic and political conditions over the years always again. To 1911 the ways of writing were Bosco, Bosco (Gurin), Gurin or Bosco Vallemaggia (Gurin) in use. Then the high policy intervened. Of 21. October 1911 to 23. May 1912 was called the municipality in accordance with Upper House of Parliament resolution (!) officially Gurin, starting from that 24. May 1912 to 1934 however again Bosco (Vallemaggia). The compromise in this language controversy over the emperor Bart was introduced 1934 with since that time official double names the Bosco/Gurin.
geography
the main settlement lies on 1506 m.ü. M. It is thereby the high-altitude village of the canton Tessin. The municipality is appropriate for the valleys Valle Antigorio and Val Formazza ( Pomat, likewise of Walsern settles) in the upper (western) valley half of the Val di Bosco 35 km northwest from Locarno at the border to Italy -. The north border of the municipality leads burrs along the Wandfluhhorn (2 ' 856 m.ü. M.) to the Camino (2 ' 489 m.ü. M.). From there the east border with easily eastward a curved curvature runs across the Val di Bosco down to the Pian Crosc (1 ' 955 m.ü. M.). The southern municipality border leads again (easily southwestward) burrs along. The highest summits are the Pizzo Bombögn (2 ' 331 m.ü. M.), the large horn (2 ' 150 m.ü. M.), the small horn (2 ' 171 m.ü. M.) and at the west border of the Madone/Batnall (2 ' 748 m.ü. M.). Also the western municipality border (at the same time state border) uses natural dividing lines. It runs in easily northeast direction from the Madone mentioned above over the cutting mountain (2 ' 592 m.ü. M.) and the Martschenspitz (2 ' 688 m.ü. M.) back to the Wandfluhhorn/Pizzo Biela. Numerous brooks unite to the Bosco, which leads into with Collinasco the Rovana. From the municipality area of 2212 hectars 43.3% are unproductive surface (usually mountains). Comprehensively the municipality parts, which are covered by forest and wood (27.8%, are nearly alike) and by agricultural effective area (28.1%). Only 0.9% of the entire Gemeindegebiets are settlement surface. The village is the only considerable settlement. Besides there is however numerous Alphütten.
population
population trend
the Walsersiedlung covered once inhabitant shank of several hundred German-speaking inhabitants. Seasonal emigration of the young people to direction German Switzerland brought money in the village. So the drift of large style could be prevented. In the first half 19. Century grew the number of inhabitants even strongly on (1801-1850: +62.6%). Between 1880 and 1920 a first mass exodus found instead of (1880-1920: - 39.0%), that between 1950 and 1980 a further followed (1950-1980: - 65.4%). This taken place regionally (into German German), continentally (Italy, France, Germany) and to overseas (California). Thus was reduced within one century the number of the inhabitants of 344 to 65 persons. The strong emigration of the young Walser and the Zuwanderung of some dozen of Maggiatalern of Italian native language brought the end of the Walseridentität.
| Population trend | |
|---|---|
| year | inhabitant |
| 1591 | 300 |
| 1801 | 235 |
| 1850 | 382 |
| 1880 | 344 |
| 1920 | 210 |
| 1950 | 186 |
| 1980 | 65 |
| 1990 | 58 |
| 2000 | 71 |
| 2004 | 72 |
languages
it is the only place in Italian Switzerland, in which for over 600 years a German Walserdialekt is spoken. While the older linguistic literature regarded the Guriner dialect than dialect at the southern edge of the German language area, it is regarded today increased under the aspect of the language island. The census from the year 2000 points however the change to the Italian. This language change might be final because of the italienischsprachigen environment. A curiosity is that Bosco/Gurin was in the year 2000 with 9.86% (7 Pers.) that municipality with the highest portion of Rätoromischsprechender outside of Graubündens. Since 1970 the following table points conditions out:
| Language's groups | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| year | German | Italian | inhabitant |
| 1970 | 95 (81.9%) | 18 (15.5%) | 116 |
| 1980 | 61 (93.8%) | 3 (4.6%) | 65 |
| 1990 | 35 (60.3%) | 20 (34.5%) | 58 |
| 2000 | 23 (32.4%) | 37 (52.1%) | 71 |
religions - denominations
in earlier times were all inhabitants member of the Roman-catholic church. Also today the population is largeby the majority catholic still. The last census resulted in the following picture. 85.92% are Roman-catholic and 2.82% Evangelist-reformed Christians. Further 2.82% are denomination lots, while 8.45% the inhabitant did not give information over their religious affiliation.
origin - nationality
of the 72 inhabitants end of 2004 were 66 (=91.67%) Swiss citizens. During the last census were 94.37%, under it two double citizens. The few immigrants come from Italy, Portugal and Latin America.
politics
local council
the local council consist of three persons. These are:
- Alberto Tomamichel (municipality president)
- Davide Sartori (vice-president)
- Andrea Sartori
economics
the inhabitants, that remained in the village, lived for a long time on the cattle breeding and the processing of the milk to butter and cheese as well as on the agriculture (potatoes, rye and hemp). Also today the large majority (36 of 39 employed persons) still works because of the large separatingness in the own village. Nevertheless seven Zupendler strengthen it. The agriculture lost since the 1970-er-Jahren their meaning. Most people work today in occupation of service (tourism) and in the trade.
traffic
the municipality is attached by the post office autoline Cevio Bosco/Gurin to the net of the public Vekehrs. Daily six post office autocourses operate into each direction.
history
the municipality became when desired the lombardischen rule in 13. Century by Walser from the Goms settles. 1253 are for the first time in particular mentioned it (Lo Busco de Quarino). With Cevio there were in 14. Century border quarrels. Already over 1400 had bought and lived the Walser nearly all country therefore in relatively large independence. The municipality belonged in the Middle Ages to the Roana Superior, later until 1798 to the Ennetbirgi Vogteien . It was afflicted again and again by disasters (1596 of the plague; 1695 and 1742 large avalanche fall with 34 respectively 42 dead ones). It belonged from 1798 to 1803 to the canton Lugano and since that time to the canton Tessin, was however until around 1900 totally isolated. Even the administration as part of the Distretto di Vallemaggia was often only nominal (because of the different languages).
objects of interest
the whole village is worth seeing. From this protrude the house, in which the Walsermuseum is accommodated, the village church Jakobus and Christophorus and the chapel Madonna della Neve .
literature
- soot, Charles V. J. (2002): The dialect of Bosco Gurin. a synchronische and dia.-chronic investigation. Stuttgart: Steiner (magazine for Dialektologie and linguistics. Supplements 120). 213 S.
Web on the left of
Avegno | Bignasco | Bosco/Gurin | Campo (Vallemaggia) | Cavergno | Cerentino | Cevio | Gordevio | Lavizzara | Linescio | Maggia
canton Tessin | Districts of the canton Tessin | Municipalities of the canton Tessin
