Brühl (Rhine country)
| coat of arms | map |
|---|---|
 coat of arms illustration on bruehl.de | 
|
| base data | |
| Land of the Federal Republic: | North Rhine-Westphalia |
| circle: | Rhine Erft circle |
| geographical situation: | Coordinates: 50° 50 ' n. Break, 6° 54 ' o. L.50° 50 ' n. Break, 6° 54 ' o. L. |
| Height: | 65 m and. NN |
| surface: | 36.12 km ² |
| inhabitants: |
46.412 (31. December 2005) |
| Population density: | 1,218 inhabitants for each km ² |
| postal zip code: | 50321 |
| preselections: | 02232 |
| Kfz characteristics: | CBM |
| municipality key: | 05 3 62 012 |
| Website: | www.bruehl.de |
| E-Mail - address: | |
| Politics | |
| mayor: | Michael cross mountain (CDU) |
| strongest parliamentary group: | CDU (conditions Octobers2005) |
Brühl is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia between Cologne and Bonn in the Rhine Erft circle.
Table of contents |
Brühler
7 literature 8 Web on the left of [work on] quarters Kierberg (4,423
- Einw.) heath (1,541
- Einw.) Pingsdorf (4,639
- Einw.) Badorf (4,982
- Einw .) hitting a corner village Geildorf Schwadorf
- ( 1,694 Einw.) work on
- of
- the city center with 23.580 inhabitants as well as
Geography
geographical location
of Brühl is because of the edge of the Ville, the part of the nature park nature park Rhine country is and those generally also as Vorgebirge is designated. Strictly speaking one understands by it however only those the Cologne bay turned slope zone that Ville.
the area is
climatically favoured climate and soil by this situation, since it lies in the Lee of the hoist from southwest and the Eifel. Even occasionally foehn weather conditions can develop. This and the deep loess is the cause thataround Brühl and its quarters around a multiplicity of fruit and vegetable growing surfaces are. Besides the city applies thereby as good housing situation.
history
Roman time
by the today's city led the Eifel water pipeline, Roman aquaducts to the supply of Cologne with drinking water.
the Middle Ages
first documentary mentions of yards in the today's city give it around the year to 650. Badorfer and Pingsdorfer of ceramic(s) containers from the early Middle Ages belong to the important rheinischen cultural properties. The name Brühl dips then around 1180 on oneDocument up, as an archbishop Philipp I. from Heinsberg two of the yards into the Burghof to the Brule combines. The name follows from a old-German word, which means the situation in a swampy valley.
There Cologne archbishops and cure prince (the offices became at that time from a persondressed) in this time gladly in Cologne seen were not, Brühl became their preferential residence place.1285 lent the archbishop Siegfried of Westerburg Brühl of municipal rights and transferred at the same time to the juror advice autonomy and iurisdiction. The city wurrde to one of the strongest national fortresses developed.
1371 become for the first time thatJewish cemetery mentions.
1469 raised cure prince Ruprecht Brühl to the state capital from cure Cologne. 1530 were destroyed Brühl nearly completely by a fire.
Starting from 1567 Bonn was seat of the government. The cure prince resided however during the summer months further in Brühl.
17. and 18.Century: From the dreissigjährigen war to the French revolution
1604 was tortured the 35jährige service farm servant Anna Schmitz as a victim one „witch process “and Brandt.
Im Dreißigjährigen Krieg traf sich der Kölner Kurfürst-Erzbischof Ferdinand von Bayern mit Verbündeten der Catholic league on the Brühler castle. 1647 plünderten hessian troops the city, before in the following year of the peace of Münster terminated the war. 1666/67 were afflicted Brühl by the plague. In the following the Franziskaner at the UHL road a first hospital established year. The city hadfinally for the kurfüstliche for France and against the emperor pay. Both imperial and French troops occupied the city and left devastations. Thus 1689 also the castle were blown up.
A war sequence was that in view of the weakened realm force the German princes further at powerwon. These wanted to represent now according to the model of the absolutist French sun king glossful. Thus cure prince Clemens August I. puts 1725. the castle destroyed by Bavaria the foundation-stone for the building of lock Augustusburg in place of. 1735 became also the church of the neighbouring Franziskanerklosters of 1493 inbaroque style transforms and with a Orangerie to the lock tied up.1763 played here the siebenjähgrige miracle child Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart on the organ. With its father and its sister he stopped off short in the context of his first large tour in Brühl. 1794 fled the latterCologne cure prince Maximilian Franz of Austria before the French revolution troops and the time of the cure princes and archbishops in Brühl is terminated.
From 1798 to 1814 Brühl formed a canton in the Arrondissement Cologne/Cologne of the French Roerdepartements. 1798 became in Brühl as reaction upthe French revolution a liberty celebration celebrated, a liberty tree put up and on the closing race kurfürstliche Insignien Brandt becomes. The code civil applied now also in Brühl. To 19. September 1804 received the city Napoléon Bonaparte early in the morning to a short attendance.
19. Century: Industrialization
after the Viennese congress 1815 arrived the Rhine country at Prussia. In the following decades the industrialization changed the picture of the baroque Residenzstadt. Almost sense-figurativy happened to 15. February 1844 the first railway train of the newly opened distance that A Bonn Cologner railway the Brühler baroque castle.
1876 begin the brown coal open mining in Brühl. The surfaces are rekultiviert meanwhile long and serve as local recreation area Kottenforst Ville in the nature park Rhine country. 1877 were finished the emperor station in Kierberg at the railroad line Cologne Kalscheuren Euskirchen.
Since 1897 connected the Vorgebirgsbahn as the further railway connectionBrühl first with Bonn and in the following year also with the Cologne Barbarossaplatz. The course drawn by a steam engine was called in the vernacular “fiery Elias “and ran originally in the middle by the city.
To 18. July of the same yearly stayed overnight to emperor Wilhelm II.together withWife empress Auguste Viktoria in the Brühler lock.
20. Century
Brühl between the world wars
Brühl lay 1914 in the marching-up area for the First World War and became sneezing ion and military hospital location. 1917 150 heavywounded treated by the west front in Brühl. Five daysbefore as last imperial attendance Augusts Viktoria had been again to guest in the city. To 9. November 1918 terminated the November revolution the world war and the empire. On the market by the balcony of the Brühler of advice cellar, a worker and soldier advice were proclaimed. originated in to 1922 to 1924Mountain workers' housing estates between Liblarer road and thunder brook. The social emergency in the initial years of the Weimar Republic led at the beginning of of 1924 to a mehrmonatigen mountain worker strike. By lockout measures many lost their right of residence and the city had spare dwelling z. B. on the apple meadows at the mountain first race (mentioned “Appela”) make available.
To 9. November 1938 in the context of the Novemberpogrome Jewish business was geplündert and the synagog at the Friedrichstrasse by SA - troops into fire was.
Already 1942 came it in the Second World War to a first air raid. 1943 began larger evacuation measures. To 28. November 1944 devastatedAir raid above all the southern city range and left 180 dead ones. To to 7. March 1945 terminated the invasion of US troops the National Socialist rule.
politics
coat of arms
the coat of arms are arranged after a juror seal of 1319 and show the holy Apostel Petrus over a silver sign with Cologne pin crosses. In the right hand it holds two keys in the left gospel book. It is surrounded by seven juror heads. The urban coat of arms is by the way also on the Gullideckeln of local public utilities.
partnerships between cities
- Sceaux (France) twin city
- Leamington (England) twin city
- white water (Oberlausitz) city friendship
- Kunice (Poland) city friendship
- Chalkida (Greece) city friendship
- Kas (Turkey) city friendship
economics and infrastructure
traffic
course
With the station Brühl at linking Rhine distance Cologne - Bonn - Koblenz and the station Kierberg at the Eifel course Cologne - Trier is well tied up to the supraregional railway system Brühl.
In addition the Vorgebirgsbahn with several critical points comes in the city, on in close clocka metropolitan railway to Cologne and Bonn operates (line 18 of the traffic group Rhine victory).
To 6. February 2000 around 0:13 clock occurred at the station Brühl a heavy train accident, with which nine passengers of an express train died. In the station thereafter those became the misfortunereleasing switches and tracks removes. Altogether by the fire-brigades, the relief organizations and the THW 847 forces as well as about 300 officials of the police were locally used and Federal Border Police.
Brühl
connects roads the short federal motorway A 553 with the motorways A 61 and A 1. Brühl connects B 51 with the Eifel, B 265 Cologne - Schleiden concerns Brühl in the northwest.
educational facilities
Brühl has three universities carried by the Federal Government: the professional school of the federation for public administration, the federal academyfor public administration and the federal financial academy. In addition came last the nationally recognized private European professional school, which offers at present four courses of studies within the range to industry - , trade - and logistics management as well as economical informatics.
In the secondary school there is a erzbischöfliches and an urban High School, oneerzbischöfliche and an urban six-form high school, a community hauptschule, a comprehensive school as well as a restaurant High School.
spare time
Brühl has one of the oldest and most popular recreational parks of Germany: The Phantasialand. In the west Brühls is the nature park Rhine country with numerous lakes, under it the bath lakesHeider mountain lake and remaining faithful lake. In the city center one finds a varied catering trade and tavern scene. In Brühl there is an extensive culture offer as well as an active association life within most different ranges such as music, Karneval, sport, youth and vielem others.
industry
there thoseDevelopment of the rheinischen brown coal in Brühl 1876 began, settled here 1888 an iron work , which supplied the necessary mechanisms and which exists until today. In addition enterprises of the closing technology came as well as to the production of packing and packaging machines. Ferner befindet sich die Zentrale Von Renault/Nissan Germany in Brühl.
The 1883 created sugar factory in Brühl east had over 100 years later the enterprise to adjust. On the large industrial fallow between Franzstrasse and mountain first race meanwhile a new populated area developed.
1874 took over Friedrich Giesler a brewery at the UHL road. In the year2000 were taken over the family estate by the Cologne cathedral brewery. Since then “Giesler Kölsch “is brewed in Cologne. Since 1821 the Flimm kg burns among other things the herb liquor “Kabänes” in Brühl.
museums
works of the artist grown up born in Brühl and Max Ernst in are issued the max seriousness museum lain near the lock Augustusburg, to 3. September 2005 by Federal President Horst charcoal burner was opened. To 30. September 2005 became already the 15.000. Guest welcomes.
- Ceramic(s) museum
- museum for everyday life history
both museums are in historical half timbered houses in thatKempishofstrasse (museum island).
buildings
- of locks Augustusburg and falcon desire
- castle church “pc. Maria of the angels ", 1493, converted 1735 with interior organization of Balthasar Neumann
- house “to the star”, 1525, at the market
- emperor station Brühl Kierberg, 1877
- old city hall to the market, 1858, thereafter repeated change
- Nit multistoried building, 1960,Friedrichstrasse. First multistoried building in Brühl of the Brühler of the same name architect
- kath. Parish church pc. Stephan, 1964 of Dominikus Böhm, Rhine route Brühl east lock
 Augustusburg eastern side lock |
 Augustusburg south side hunting seat |
falcon desire up to |
the removal of the Federal Government and the Federal President from Bonn to Berlin in the year 1999 was builtthe city mainly admits Augustusburg and falcon desire by the locks, in whose areas to 1994 Federal President Empfänge for state guests held. The locks were taken up to the list of the world cultural heritage of the UNESCO.
personalities
of sons and daughters of the city
- 1765, 2. June, Ferdinand Wurzer; † 30. July 1844 in Marburg, German chemist
- 1891, 2. April, Max Ernst; † 1. April 1976 in Paris, German painter and sculptor.
- 1908, 8. January, Aloys spring, † 1. March 1976in Brühl, German politician (CDU), MdB, MdL (North Rhine-Westphalia).
- 1949, 12. May, Hans Leyendecker, German journalist
- 1948, 23. November, pure Calmund, former manager of Bavarian Leverkusen
- 1965, 2. October, Landesminister Michael Breuer MdL(CDU), Ministers for federation and European affairs & international in North Rhine-Westphalia
other one well-known Brühler
- Günter hay gene, (* 28. April 1944 in Bad Kreuznach), German and European politician (SPD), vice-president of the European commission and at present European Union commissioner for enterprises andIndustry. Hay gene grew up in Brühl.
- Otto Flimm, (* 18. May 1929 in Cologne, Brühler entrepreneur and former president and now honorary president General German Automobile Association.
- Helga bold Mengel (* 1. July 1947 in Duisburg Brühler politician, member of the federal daily and the Kreistages of the Rhine Erft circle,for January patient-assigned 2004 the Federal Government.
literature
- Jacob Sunday: Brühl, history and stories, series of publications to the Brühler history volume 2, Brühl 1976 ISBN 3921300010
- Brühl today, Hg. by the city Brühl, 1979
- Wolfgang Drösser: Brühl. History, pictures, facts, connections, Brühl2005 ISBN 3921300053
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