Brussels

of these articles treats the municipality Brussels. This is a quarter of the capital region Brussels.
City hall

Brussels (frz. Bruxelles [bʀyˈsɛl] or [bʀyˈksɛl], niederl. Brussels [ˈbrɵsəɫ]) is the capital of Belgium. As seatimportant institutions, how the European commission or the advice of the European union (Council of Ministers) the city unofficially frequently called capital of the European union.

Table of contents

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city arrangement and numbers

Brussels covera surface of 32 km ². With 142.853 inhabitants (conditions: 1. January 2005) places it with 16% the largest total population of all municipalities of the capital region Brussels, in which altogether 1.007.000 humans live.

The city Brussels is divided into seven districts:

  • Brussels Haren
  • Brussels Laeken /sheet
  • Brussels Neder Over Heembeek
  • of Brussels Pentagone /de Vijfhoek
  • Brussels accomodation Louise /de Louizawijk
  • Brussels Espace north /de Noordwijk
  • Brussels north Est /de Noord Oostwijk
Kathedrale
cathedral

the capital region Brussels, region de Bruxelles Capitale/Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest, is a union of Brussels city and 18surrounding municipalities, which grew together closely to a city, however to today their Selbstständigkeit completely retained. The region, thus Brussels, is the capital of a country in three languages (in the north flämisch/in the south French), around Eupen and pc. Viththere is also a small German-language area. Due to the circumstances and Brussels capital function is officially bilingual the city (flämisch/French). With approximately 80% however the French language in Brussels outweighs.

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traffic

KFZ: Brussels is the centerthe well developed, at night partially lit up Belgian motorway net. The motorways approach radially to Brussels up to the ring motorway.

Course: In Brussels there are several large stations (Brussels north, Brussels cent ral and Brussels south), which are interconnected by a north south tunnelled route.Course travelers from the foreign country come usually into Brussels south (frz. Bruxelles Midi) on, where connections consist of Paris, Amsterdam, Cologne (with the Thalys or from Cologne also with the ICE) and London (euro star). Likewise one has directRER connection to one of the many smaller Brussels stations. The station Brussels Luxembourg, off the main tunnelled route north south, is actually a station for the binding of the institutions for European Union, which after the renovation ever more by the general population is accepted now.

Nationales Comicmuseum
National Comicmuseum

underground: It consists of the three lines 1a, 1b, and 2. First the two connect suburbs with the city, line 2 drive around in one only to 2007 completely closed circle the center. In addition 16 strassenbahnlinien come and over 50Buslinien (to approximately 00,30 o'clock).

At night: A night traffic exists in Brussels - apart from a night bus line - not. Taxis have a relatively high price level.

Air traffic: At the neighbour municipality Zaventem is an international airport with course binding to the center. Likewisein range (60 min removed) the airport is Charleroi, which is frequented particularly by cheap fliers.

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economics

Brussels is an important economic situation in Belgium. Volkswagen operates here a work, in that among other things the model VOLKSWAGEN gulfone manufactures. The European institutions as well as the seat of NATO headquarters are the reason that many international large-scale enterprises as well as interest federations and Lobbyistenbüros in Brussels established themselves. Also land offices, institutes for culture and messages from all world bring a large purchasing power to Brussels.Also the world-wide press is naturally constantly represented with a great force. This encounters not always only approval of the Brussels ones.

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history

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the beginnings

the name Brussels comes from a word composition of the celtic word bruoc, Sump, and the Latin-celtic word sella, temples or chapel. The city name means thus chapel in the sump.

After the legend Brussels becomes in 6. Century by the holy Goorik based. In the document demonstrably is the settlement however only 966, in a document Otto of the large one, which mention Bruocsella. Karl von Niederlothringen a castle and a chapel on an island in the rivers Senne and thus the basis for the further town development establishes 977 to 979. In 11. Century is put on first Stadtmauer. The city attachment 14. Century reflects itself in the boulevards of the small ring.

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medieval Brussels and the having citizens

Brüssel vom Mont des Arts
Brussels of the Mont kinds

of the 1430 inherit Philipp that property,Duke of Burgund, the duchy Brabant. It makes the capital its Burgunderreiches for Brussels. In this time the city hall and the first guild halls at the large market develop. The city flowers in this time economically up. Sculptor, Teppichwirker and Goldschmiedefind their getting along. Artists such as Pieter Brueghel the older one and Rogier van the Weyden establish themselves the city. The granddaughter Philipps of the good one, Maria von Burgund, marries 1477 Maximilian of having castle, emperor of the holy Roman realm GermanNation. Thus Brabant comes under the rule of the having citizen realm. After a short interruption by Margarete of Austria, which shifts the capital after Mecheln, Brussels becomes again after 1531 capital of Burgund.

After the death of Karl V., under its son Philipp II. becomes the larger part today's Belgium, with Brussels, a component of the Spanish Netherlands. Under Philipp II. it comes to collections against the Spanish rule, among other things to the rebellions of the counts Hoorn and Egmont. With thatExecution of the two noble ones on the large market place these rebellions are bloodily struck down 1568. Into consequence of this failed rebellion it comes 1578 - 1579 to the establishment of the union of Utrecht, the germ cell of the later independent northern Netherlands. Under the governorSpain, the duke of Alba, the trailers of the protest anti-mash were merciless pursued. This repression entails the exodus of the economic and mental elite, predominantly to Amsterdam, and the economic fall of the city Brussels.

Königsschloss in Brüssel
King lock in Brussels
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Brussels after the dreissigjährigen war

in the Westfäli peace of 1648 become independent the northern Netherlands, while the southern Netherlands and thus Brussels under Spanish rule remain. In the second half 17. Century fights France under Ludwig XIVaround the supremacy in Europe. The troops of Ludwig XIV. conquer west Flanders and the hen gau. Of Brussels large market 1695 three days long with cannons one bombards and one destroys nearly completely. In peacetime of Rijswijk 1697 France the Belgian areas must again transfers. In consequence of the Spanish succession war, 1701 - , the Austrian having citizens the rule receive 1714 over the southern Netherlands and thus over Brussels.

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fight for the independence

Häuser am Großen Markt
of houses at the large market

1789 becomes in Brabanter rebellion independence against the having citizens under Joseph II. achieved. This is however only from short duration, because 1794 conquers the troops of the revolutionary French Republic of the country. The French rule ends 1815 with the defeat Napoleon on thatBattleground of Waterloo, which directly south the today's capital region Brussels is. In the Viennese congress 1814 - 1815 becomes the southern Netherlands with the northern Netherlands under William I. from Oranien combines. But in consequence of the divergences political and culturalhistorical development are put on conflicts between the two regions in the germ. The partially französischsprachige and mainly catholic south feels disadvantaged in relation to the Protestant, Dutch north in the political say, in the schooling and in economic regard. The Belgian revolutionwithin a short time Belgian leads of the state to the splitting off from the united kingdom of the Netherlands and to the Gündung. Since the foreign great powers England, Prussia, Austria and Russia have an interest to settle the conflict peacefully over a possible influencing control andthus how/as-those-strong France to work against, they confirm the independence of the new kingdom to the conference from London. Brussels becomes capital of this new State of, Leopold I. from Saxonia Coburg the first king of a new constitutional monarchy becomes.

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the modernBrussels

commission seat: Berlaymont building, Brussels

by the new role as capital of an independent state and by the industriellen upswing of Belgium in 19. Century experiences Brussels an enormous upswing. The population grows dramatically, also in consequence of a lively Zuwanderung from Wallonie and France. Formerly rural municipalities around the old Brussels town centre around merge into a urbanen conglomerate; enormous new cities grow in late 19. and early 20. Century apparently from that nothing. In this time large buildings develop like thatLaw Courts (1863 - 1866), the stock exchange (1873), the king palace on the Mont kind (completion 1903), the Triumphbogen (completion 1905), and famous buildings of art nouveau of the city, for example Victor Hortas buildings.

Justus-Lipsius-Gebäude, Brüssel
Justus Lipsius building, Brussels

although Belgiumin both world wars as advance area victim of the German offensive strategy was, remained Brussels von Kriegszerstörungen to a large extent spared. Therefore architecture and the road courses of the period of promoterism coin/shape still the general townscape.

A Zankapfel, which threatened to split Belgium since its establishment,becomes still apparent also in recent past in Brussels: The linguistic and cultural conflict between the wallonischen, French speaking population in the south and the flämischen population in the north. The smallurban Brussels early 19. Century is flämisch coined/shaped, inthe French element dominates today's urbanen Brussels. This shift of the weights in the capital intensifies a time long the conflict, also favours by National Socialist Germany and right-wing extremist groups in Belgium, which look for political profit therein into the 1930er years. 1932 - 1938 become Brussels in two languages. Street names, names of quarters and stations of the public suburban traffic are since then consistently in two languages beschildert, if the names do not agree in both national languages. the Belgian parliament a law, which makes Belgium the Federal State, discharges 1988,with the autonomous regions Flanders and Wallonie and the region Brussels with special status. In the last years, with the increasing internationalization of Brussels, this conflict loses more and more its sharpness.

See also: Flämisch wallonischer conflict

after the Second World Waris also internationally established Brussels as center:1958 become it the seat of the EEC, the Vorläuferin of the today's European union. 1958 take place also the world exhibition in Brussels, which us one of its most famous buildings, which leaves Atomium. 1967the seat of NATO is shifted from Paris to Brussels.

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objects of interest/culture

Börse
stock exchange
Justizpalast
Law Courts
Atomium
Atomium

main marriage worthynesses are the Grand Place/large place with the gothical city hall in the old center, the cathedral Saint Michel/Sint Michiels and the Atomium in Laeken /Laken, the landmark of the world exhibition of 1958. The 9 balls of the 165-milliardenfachen enlargement of an iron molecule are together 102 meters high and 2400 tons heavy. The architect A. Waterkeyn dedicated the Atomium scientific progress.

Also the Manneken Pis, a 60 centimeters high bronze figure in the old part of town, is with the tourists much likes.

Further objects of interest are the Triumphbogen in the park Cinquantenaire, the kind Deco Basilika Sacré Cœur, the stock exchange, the art mountain, the Law Courts, the lock Laeken (palace Royal) with parkand large greenhouses, as well as the buildings of the European union in the European quarter of Leopold.

To the large culture offer of Brussels many theatres (under it the internationally much-considered opera house Théâtre de la Monnaie/Muntschouwburg) and museums of all kinds belong - from the royal art museum toComicmuseum. Besides there are further objects of interest and own cultural offers in the individual Brussels ones quarters.

The townscape in the center is coined/shaped by flämischen community centres. Particularly remarkably art nouveau , that is called by Brussels architects the Victor Horta in the lifebecame. In the bloom time of art nouveau new suburbs from the soil shot in Brussels. The architecture of the quarters of Schaerbeek/Schaarbeek, Etterbeek, Ixelles/Elsene and Saint Gilles/Sint Gillis is particularly worth seeing therefore. An absolute highlight art nouveauin the Avenue de Tervueren 281 palaces lain Stoclet of the Viennese architect Josef Hoffmann is to visit (unfortunately from the inside). The modern buildings in the accomodation Leopold/Leopoldswijk or Espace north round the picture off.

In the citythere is more jeher a large artist scene since. The famous Belgian Surrealist René of liking rides for example learned in Brussels. The city is considered also as a capital of the Comics: In Germany Lucky hatch, Tim and Struppi, Cubitus, gas clay/tone are most well-known andMarsupilami. With enormous pictures of Belgian Comichelden painted, Metrostationen will become from artists arranged grey house walls. In the Centre national ones de la gang Dessinée are connected two artistic guidance motives of Brussels, because this national Comicmuseum is in the former, 1906 established and of Victor Horta entworfenene art nouveau department store Waucquez accommodated.

Culinary specialities of Brussels are particularly Waffeln (Gaufres), chocolate (above all darken), chocolates and shells (Moules). The Pommes of frites was invented by a Belgian and becomes like also the Waffeln everywhere in Brussels on thatRoad sells. Besides the Belgian beer enjoys a good reputation - Hoegaarden, Leffe, Duvel, Jupiler, Stella Artois and Kriek (Kirschbier) are examples of it.

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sons and daughters of the city


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Web on the left of

Commons: Bruxelles - Brussels- Pictures, videos and/or audio files


municipalities in the capital region Brussels

other-thirst one | Brussels | Elsene | Etterbeek | Evere | Goose-hear | Jette | Koekelberg | Oudergem | Schaarbeek | Sint Agatha Berchem | Sint Gillis | Sint Jans Molenbeek | Sint Joost ten Node | Sint Lambrechts Woluwe | Sint Pieters Woluwe | Ukkel | Vorst | Watermaal Bosvoorde


coordinates: 50° 50 ' 45 " north, 04° 21 ' 07 " east

 

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