Bull FR

bull is a city in the welschen part of the canton Freiburg in Switzerland. The municipality is in the district Gruyère west the artificial lake Lac de la Gruyère. Bull is the second largest city of the canton Freiburg and an important regional economic and commercial centre in the southern canton part. The former German name Boell is not no more used today.

At the 1. January 2006 is La route de Trême after bull in in common December.

Table of contents 1 geography 2 population 3 economics 3,1 education and sport 3,2 culture and tourism 4 traffic 5 history 6 objects of interest 7 Web on the left of

geography

bull is on 771 m and. M., 23 km southsouthwest the canton capital Freiburg (air line). The city extended in easily eastward the bent level north the mountain brook Trême, in the far basin of bull in the Greyerzerland, at the north foot of the massif of the Moléson. Few kilometers east the artificial lake Lac de la Gruyère, that is appropriate for the city of the Saane (French: Sarine is flowed through).

The surface 23,8 km ² of the large, strongly branched out Gemeindegebiets covers a section of the basin of bull in the freiburgischen Alpine foreland. The main part of the area is taken by the level with bull, which is flowed through of the Trême. In the east the area is enough briefly to la Gruyère de to the Saane above their delta in the Lac and covers the expanded forest area of the Bois de Bouleyres, in the northeast hands it on the forest hill Vaucens (831 m and. M.). Northward the municipality surface extends over the valley valley of the Sionge and covers a part of the south slope of the Mont de Riaz, who belongs to the hill course of the Gibloux.

In a narrow strip the municipality soil is enough after southwest over the hill between the brook Russon and the Trême up to the Nordostabdachung of the forest height Les Alpettes (until 1180 m and. M.). The eastern border always forms thereby the Trême cut with an erosion valley into the Flyschschichten of the Voralpen. A further narrow Zipfel extends after the south to the northern Vorberge of the Moléson. On the height above the Alp Les Maulatreys becomes with 1384 m and. M. the highest point of bull reaches. From the municipality surface 1997 was allotted 17% to settlements, 31% to forest and wood, 51% to agriculture and approximately 1% was unproductive country.

To bull the locality and in former times independent municipality La route de Trême, several trade and housing developments single yards numerous at the outskirts of a town as well as belong. Neighbour municipalities of bull are Riaz, Echarlens, Morlon, Broc, Gruyères, Le Pâquier (FR) and Vuadens.

population

Population trend
year	inhabitant
1811	1165
1850	1833
1900	3330
1910	4035
1930	4110
1950	5255
1960	5983
1970	7556
1980	7595
1990	9062
2000	11149
2004	16120 1)
1) inclusive La route de Trême

with 16 ' 500 inhabitants (2006) is bull the second largest municipality of the canton Freiburg. From the inhabitants 85,5% are französischsprachig, 4,5% portugiesischsprachig and 3,0% speak German (conditions 2000). The total population of bull amounted 1900 to 3330 inhabitants. The growth of the population reflects the industrielle and economic development of the city. Above all over 1900 and around the center 20. Century clear increases in population were observed, while the crisis of the 1970er affected itself years in a zero growth during this decade. Since 1980 (continuous opening of the motorway Berne Vevey) bull registers one of the strongest growth rates of the municipalities of its size class in Switzerland. 1995 were exceeded the border by 10000 inhabitants. The settlement area from bull completely grew together today with that from La route de Trême (southern the brook Trême). With the incorporation of La route de Trême a further salient increase in the population one registered.

economics

bull was always an agrarian coined/shaped small town. The agricultural products of the surrounding countryside were processed here and brought into the trade. The trade with wood, cheese (in particular Greyerzer cheese ) and Strohflechtwaren was important. Already for many centuries year and cattle markets are held. Still in the first half 20. Century concentrated the industry mainly on the wood working, among them Sägereien, carpenter's workshops, furniture factories and crate factories. The diversification of the industry began only after 1950 .

Today bull offers approximately 9000 jobs as economic center of the Greyerzerlandes. With 2% of the employed persons, who are busy still in the primary sector, the agriculture has only a marginal value in the acquisition structure of the population. About 36% of the employed persons are active in the industriellen sector, while the service sector combines 62% of the workers on itself (conditions 2001).

The agriculture is represented in bull mainly still by dairy farming and cattle breeding, only small meaning has the agriculture. The forests are forest-economically used .

For the 1980er years larger industrie and trade zones developed, under it those from Planchy and Palud along the roads at the western, northern and eastern outskirts of a town. The secondary sector is today represented with the industries building and carrying trade, building of metals, mechanical workshops, food industry (cheese and chocolate), plastic and wood working as well as pharmaceutical, chemical and textile industry.

Bull is seat of the city and district administration, location of different banks, insurance, engineer, architecture and trust offices. There are further jobs in the catering trade industry, in the numerous fashion shops and shops of the city as well as in arts and crafts (Holzschnitzerei and ceramic(s)). At the outskirts of a town large purchase shops developed. The 1873 in bull created district hospital were shifted 1884 after Riaz.

education and sport

as regional center have bull all school stages from the primary school to the High School. The strong of growth of the region Gruyère made a development of the public education necessary in the last decades; the High School (Collège you south) was opened only 1994. Besides there is a vocational school (Ecole professionnelle you south you CAN clay/tone) since 1998, furthermore a hotel management school as well as several private and special schools.

Also concerning sport infrastructure bull is well equipped. It possesses a large sports center with football and tennis places, a Skate park, one ice-resounds and a heated open-rir swimming pool.

culture and tourism

bull is the urban center of the tourism region of the Greyerzerlandes. The old part of town with the lock and the Musée Gruérien, which arranged one modern since the new building of 1978 collection of goods relating to crafts and cultural of the region shows, are worth seeing. In the close region are the historical small town Gruyères, the artificial lake Lac de la Gruyère and the trip mountain Moléson. The region around bull is aligned both to the summer and to the winter tourism. In the further the city with the Espace Gruyère (1998 opened ) offers a meeting center for cattle looking and - markets, as well as for sporty and cultural causes. Under the latters the Marché Folklorique (each Thursday in July and August) is, the Weihnachtsmarkt, to call the chamfering night as well as different further Festivitäten. Furthermore bull possesses a cinema, a theatre and a municipal library.

traffic

the city bull is an important traffic junction in the south of the canton Freiburg. As well as it is because of the main street from Freiburg to Vevey and forms besides the gate to the strike Gruyère and to Pays d'Enhaut to the Jauntal. Into the 1960er the city fought to years for the guidance of the motorway A12 by the Greyerzerland. This traffic axle, which led the Gemeindegebiet crossed, since 1981 are continuous opened from Berne to Vevey and represented during approximately 20 years the only motorway connection of Berne into the Western part of Switzerland, to the enormous economic upswing of the region for the 1980er years. The next connection is approximately 3 km far away from the city centre. As gate for the tourism region of the free citizens alps bull has strong transit traffic particularly during the weekends. Therefore for bull and La route de Trême a local by-pass one builds at present, which should relieve the city in some years effectively from the transit traffic.

Center 19. Century used itself the city also for the guidance of the railway line Lausanne - Berne over the Gemeindegebiet. It came through with its request however not and brought therefore an important money for a railway connection after Romont up. At the 1. July 1868 was attached the city with the opening of the distance Romont bull to the traction network. As further lines 14 followed to. July 1904 the section bull Vuadens of the distance after Châtel Saint Denis and to 21. September 1904 the section bull La route de Trême of the distance after Montbovon. The opening of the railway line from bull to Broc took place to 24. June 1912.

For the fine dispersion in public traffic several Buslinien transport provide publics Fribourgeois. This lead from bull to Freiburg (as high-speed bus over the A12 as well as usual course over Le Bry or La Roche), Boltigen, Corbières, Grandvillard, Morlon and Moléson Village. The new bus station was finished 1992.

history

the Gemeindegebiet of bull was already settled before the turn of an era. The oldest certification of the presence of humans is a hill grave, which was established in the resounding place time. A settlement very probably existed also during the Roman time, from which however hardly remnants are present.

The first documentary mention of the place took place in the year 852 under the name Butulo; latinisiert the place was called Bulium. Appeared later the designations Bulo (859), Butulum (867), Bollo (around 1200), Bullo and bullous (1225). The place name is probably derived from the French word butte (in the meaning of earth hill).

The origins of the today's bull lie to a large extent in the dark. Core of the settlement was probable in 6. or 7. Century church Saint Eusèbe donated by the bishop von Lausanne, which was the nut/mother church of the Greyerzerlandes and up to the establishment of the Pfarrei Gruyères in 13. Century the function of the parish church of the entire Saanetals of La Roche in the north to Montbovon in the south held. The area of bull belonged since that to 6 therefore already. Century the bishop von Lausanne and ranked thereby beside Avenches and Curtilles among the oldest directly the bishop subordinated areas.

Also the ancestors of the counts seem later to have possessed von Greyerz rights at the settlement. After the counts had established themselves on the hill of Gruyères (5 km von Bulle removed), had created the small town Gruyères and its powerful position came in the region with the county Greyerz rapidly removals, it since early 12. Century to numerous arguments between the bishop and the counts. As consequence one of these conflicts came bull after 1190 again into the exclusive possession of the bishops of Lausanne. These waived besides 1196 the market of Gruyères and removal for it the older market of bull.

Starting from 1231 the up to then small small market town on Veranlassung of the bishops was extended to the city with military walls and a lock. Existed no actual document, in which the award of the municipal law was held, the citizens kept however gradually liberties and rights similar to those the city Lausanne. The bishops were represented in bull by a Kastlan and a Meier, whereby the post of the Meier to in 15. Century the aristocracy sex of the Mr. von Bulle was reserved.

Contrary to further small towns of the region bull experienced a further economic upswing, which was hardly impaired also by the city fire in the year 1447 by its situation at the trade route from Vevey to Freiburg and Berne also after 1350. In the context of the Burgunderkriege the city 1476 closed a castle right contract with Freiburg, which exempted it from the plundering courses of the oath comrades.

When the Bernese 1536 the Waadtland conquered and the bishop von Lausanne had to flee, bull placed itself under the protection of the city Freiburg. This protection emerged however soon as rule, because Freiburg was suitable the bischöflichen Ländereien on and established to 1537 the Vogtei bull, to which beside the city bull and and La Roche with Pont la Ville belonged to the village Riaz also the Exklaven Albeuve. In the following time to 1798 54 Vögte on the lock bull resided.

In 17. and 18. Century became the Marienstatue Notre-Dame de Pitié (also Notre-Dame de Compassion) in the chapel of the hospital an important barrier travel goal, which attracted also pilgrims from Savoyen and the free county Burgund. Otherwise bull of the trade with cattle and cheese loaves lived.

1798 welcomed the city dwellers the invasion of the French troops. Already to 26. January 1798 was set up the liberty tree and for the Landvogt from the city was hunted. Bull would have joined now gladly the Lemani republic, had to remain however with Freiburg. It became the principal place of the again created district bull, which covered those west the Saane and north the Trême of convenient parts of the Greyerzerlandes. With the re-organization of the districts in the context of the free citizens canton condition of 1848 the district bull was integrated into the district Gruyère. As principal place of the new district Gruyère bull was determined.

To 2. April 1805 was eingeäschert nearly the entire small town by a conflagration. In the reconstruction the townscape was crucially changed: Several house lines were not no more developed in favor of a large market place. The gates and walls became in the 30's 19. Century torn off.

At the beginning 19. Century developed bull for the center of the opposition against the conservative canton government. The city was several times scene of politically motivated arguments. Bull experienced an important economic upswing after the binding to the Swiss Eisenbahnnetz in the year 1868, when the distance was opened from Romont to bull.

In the context since 2000 of the municipality fusions promoted by the canton Freiburg became in former times independent municipality La route de Trême with effect on the 1. January 2006 after bull in in common December.

, its community centres possesses objects of interest lock bull bull mainly from early 19. Century (after the city fire of 1805) come. The rectangular outline of the town shows an expansion of approximately 400 m × 150 m and exhibits two parallel main lanes as well as several Quergäs, whereby the lock the southern, the town church form the northern conclusion. From the former city attachment hardly more something is received.

The lock bull became in 13. Century among the bishops of Lausanne following the Carré Savoyard builds. Its southeast corner is protected by an impressive round Donjon with a height of 33 m, a diameter of 13.5 m and 2,2 m a powerful wall, while at the other three corners the towers are taken up on the Ringmauer such as Echauguetten. The lock experienced only small changes in the course of the time, for example in 16. Century under the freiburgischen Vögten. It serves today as administrative seat of the district Gruyère.

The parish church probably goes in the core on 7. Century back; it is mentioned since that 9. Century. It became 1478 a robbery of the flames. Also the new building of 1751 was heavily damaged with the city fire of 1805. Their current shape received the parish church Saint Pierre aux Liens in the reconstruction from 1812 to 1816; 1913 it was again increased. Beside the church stands the Hôtel of the Trois Couronnes, the former market hall, which was again built 1805.

Close one of the lock is the 1663 to 1688 built church Notre lady de Compassion with a baroque high altar of 1692 and an important collection of Votivbildern from that 17. and 18. Century. The church belonged to the monastery of the Kapuziner, which cared for the hospital of bull. The Marienstatue was in former times an important Pilgerziel.

Web on the left of

• official Website the municipality bull (French)
• article bull (municipality) in the historical encyclopedia of Switzerland
• Website of the tourism region bull/Greyerzerland
• aerial photos of the city
• dear gentleman Machines bull S.A.

coordinates: 46° 37 ' N, 7° 03 ' O