Camille Flammarion

Nicolas Camille Flammarion (* 26. February 1842 in Montigny le Roi (section struck Marne, France); † 3. June 1925 in Juvisy sur Orge (Essonne, France)) were a French astronomer and author of popular-scientific writings.

Flammarion, which studied first theology, was already in recent years interested in the astronomy. Already at the age of 16 years it wrote a comprehensive manuscript with the title Cosmologie universal one to 500 sides and became an assistant of the astronomer Leverrier to Paris observatories.
1861 it published „the majority of the inhabited worlds “. It argues therein with the possibility of lives on other heavenly bodies. It represents in the fact the view that the earth does not take a privileged position, but to lives also on the other planets of the solar system to exist can.
In the work it concerns itself in addition with the sense question of the universe. Flammarion comes to the following conclusion: If the universe is coincidentally developed actual thus senseless actual like that it largely enough, in order to bring out in other place life. If the universe and the life on earth have a sense, then would be wrong it to believe that this wondrous and various universe without further organisms was created, which should notice and investigate this.

Flammarion lost on it its position at the observatory and worked from 1862 to 1867 for Institut de Longitudes, returned then to the observatory, where he participated in a project for the systematic observation of double stars. The result of the project was a catalog of 10.000 double stars, which was published 1878.
Beyond that Flammarion observed the moon and Mars. it set up the thesis to 1873 that the red coloration back was to be led Mars on vegetation.

it encountered 1877 in an old book shop an expenditure of the Messierkatalogs, which contained handwritten recordings and notes of Charles Messier. It revised on it the catalog and stated that the Messierobjekt M102 agreed with the galaxy NGC 5866. 1921 it added M104, well-known as Sombreronebel, the Messierkatalog.

Astronomy for the people: The atmosphere (Holzstich)

much admits became a Holzstich Flammarions, in that 1888 volume L'Atmosphère appeared to that. Météorologie populaire on page was published 163. The cut, in the style 15. Century, on the earth disk kneel-ends observer, who looks the universe behind it from the celestial sphere and being astonished regarded, shows one. Up to the year 1974 the illustration was falsely regarded as medieval woodcut and proof of the backward conception of the world of this time. Flammarion had wanted actual to represent only the longing of humans after the study of unknown quantity worlds.

Flammarion published about 50 popular-scientific works, under it 1879 the L'astronomie Populaire, by which 100,000 expenditures were sold and to La Planète Mars (volume 1 1892, volume 2 1909) in which he the existence of the Mars channels supported, which had been built by a highly developed culture, and encouraged amateur astronomers to own observations.
Besides it wrote some fantastic narrations, under it to Uranie (1889; dt. Urania) and Stella (1897).

Flammarion argued beyond that with the Parapsychologie and represented the view that the soul possessed an independent existence of the body and exhibits abilities, which are unknown to the science so far. So the soul can unfold their effect even over larger distances. He was joint founder and member of the French Theosophi society. 1923 he was a president of the Society for Psychical Research.

1877 created Flammarion the French society for astronomy.

1922 it was accepted because of its life's work to the Ehrenlegion.

It in honours 74 km large Mondkrater Flammarion as well as the Asteroid (1024) was designated Flammario.

works

Flammarions of books into German to be partly translated and published, among them

• the majority of inhabited worlds, a study in that the conditions of the roominess of the heavenly bodies of criteria of the astronomy and the physiology be out developed and discussed; Dieter von Reeken, Lueneburg 2004; ISBN 3-8334-0882-0
• God in nature; Hendel, resounds 1920
• to astronomy for the people; Publishing house of tooth, new castle of 1908
• mysteries of the soul life; J. Hoffmann, Stuttgart of 1919
• walks in the star world; G. Westermann, Braunschweig 1922
• unknown quantity of natural forces; J. Hoffmann, Stuttgart 1920

literature

• emperor, pure hard (Hrsg.): We are now citizens of the sky! , Pictures and reports of the balloon travels of the Mr. Glaisher, Flammarion, Fonvielle and Tissandier in the Central European air sea; Greno, Nördlingen 1986