Châteauneuf you Pape
Châteauneuf you Pape is a place in Southern France and a Weinbaugebiet of the southern Rhônetals. The municipality has 2078 inhabitants (1999) and is in the Département Vaucluse between the cities Avignon and orange. To two km far away from the Rhône, Châteauneuf you Pape lies on a hill 120 m and. NN. Its landmark is the ruin of the lock of the Popes of Avignon. It exists a partnership with the today's papal summer residence Castel Gandolfo since September 1995. Already since that 3. June 1977 exists a partnership with the German municipality August gene.
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history
the place was mentioned for the first time documentary 1094 as castro novo. In the year 1157 confirmed Friedrich Barbarossa the 908 took place donation of the neighbouring place Bedarrides and its environment to the bishop from Avignon. In the year 1213 the place was called Châteauneuf Calcernier. This name refers to important lime production and remained to 1893 the official designation. Châteauneuf experienced a large upswing by the Popes of Avignon. Johannes XXII., before bishop of Avignon, began at the latest 1318 with the construction work at his summer residence in Châteauneuf, which only 1333 were locked. The papal lock became in the Religionskriegen 16. Century destroys. The archbishops of Avignon let their residence restore repeated, lost however in 18. And their possession to Irish baron Jean de Power leased century the interest in it. The place Châteauneuf only 1791 came to France, up to then belonged it to the independent territory of the bishops and/or. Archbishops of Avignon.
the wine
The Châteauneuf you Pape is one of the large red wines of France. It is its own Appellation in the viticulture region Rhône.
The Rebsorte Grenache achieves here a strong expression strength. The wines are comparatively acid-poor and alcohol-rich. Color and Tanningehalt vary, depending on, the portion of dark-colored, tanninreicheren sorts such as Syrah and Mourvèdre are as high and whether the read property became to ferment entrappt (delivering ore) or entrappt (with the grape/cluster handles). The Châteauneuf you Pape is often regarded as the heaviest Rhône wine, which it due to its usually high Grenache - portion is however not. This role comes rather to the Hermitage with its high portion of Syrah , nearly always 100%.
Typically for the Châteauneuf you Pape are flavours of ripe fruits and spices as well as roasting notes. Although the wine is often already young accessible due to the rather small Tanningehaltes of Grenache, it is for a long time storable. Even small classes develop ten years long, premium wines mature even over several decades.
7% of production are only allotted to weisswein. He is removed always drying and is very body-rich with low acid. The best white Châteauneuf you Pape is for a long time storable nevertheless. They develop then flavours of blooms and honey.
The cultivation area of the Appellation Châteauneuf you Pape covers also still parts of the neighbouring municipalities Bédarrides, Courthezon, Sorgues and orange. In the year 2002 the cultivated area amounted to 3178 hectars. The large goods with own filling, only 7% of the quantity dominate by the cooperative are produced. The most famous producers are the Châteaus Beaucastel, Fortia, La Nerthe and Rayas as well as the Clos of the Papes. The bottle with the impressed crossed keys, the papal Insignien, is reserved and since 1938 as brand names protected the producer fillings.
soil and climate
The cultivation area consists of gravel terraces, whose origin lies in the ice age. The large pebbles mixed with red, sandigen loam, which deliver the warmth stored during the day at night to the vines, are typical. Some good situations possess however sandy soils.
The climate is hot and drying. In the annual average it gives 2800 sunshine hour, and on the average falls 620 mm precipitation. On 130 days in the year blows the muck ral, which dries the grapes/clusters also after violent rainstorms fast again.
Rebsorten and wine preparing
most important Rebsorte is with 70% portion the Grenache. Besides are for the red wine still Syrah, Mourvèdre and Cinsault of importance. There is still 9 further Rebsorten certified like the rare Counoise, Vaccarèse, Muscardin and Terret Noir. In the weisswein mostly the white kind of play of the Grenache dominates, the Grenache blank. In addition Clairette Blanche, Piquepoul blank, Bourboulenc , Oeillade Blanche ( here also Picardan called) become and the Roussanne well-known from the white Hermitage cultivated.
The permissible high-carry lies with 35 hl/ha extremely low. In addition at least 5% of the read property must be separated. The Châteauneuf you Pape must exhibit at least 12.5% natural alcohol content.
The red wine is prepared usually traditionally with several weeks service life on the Maische. The Kohlensäuremaischung, which results in lighter and more fruit-stressed wines, is for the 80's the retreat. The development of the red wines takes place mostly in large Holzfässern. Barriquefässer are above all Spezialcuvées reserved. These are for quite some time on the advance and usually become from the read property of particularly old vines GEC ELT ore.
history of the viticulture
the viticulture in the southern Rhônetal probably decreases/goes back to the Greeks, in 6. Century v. Chr. the city Marseille created. In the year 500 Gregor of route mentioned the wine of Avignon. Pope Johannes XXII. let put on an own vineyard, so that the best situations were bestockt around 1350. The Popes preferred at that time however the wine from Beaune. A document from the year 1519 occupies the existence by white Châteauneuf you Pape. The cultivated area grew continuously; around 1750 it covered 650 hectars. Indications of the prosperity at that time are the large locks such as La Nerthe, in 18. Century were built. In 19. Century was considered the Châteauneuf you Pape already as the best wine of the southern Rhône. The efforts for the protection of the indication of origin were intensified starting from 1905. In the year 1935 the Appellation Châteauneuf you Pape was protected as one of the first France, whereby a court decision formed the basis of the definitions from the year 1929. The recent large classes are 1990, 1995, 1998, 1999 and 2001.
literature
Michel Dovaz: Châteauneuf you Pape. Jacques edge of putting, Boulogne 1992, ISBN 2-905969-56-3
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coordinates: 44° 02 ' 58 " N 4° 50 ' 09 " O
