Demonstration
the term demonstration (of lat.: demonstrare, show, refer to, prove) - short word: Demo - marks a form of the expression of opinion, which is tell-done in most diverse way, often very fantasievoll.
forms of demonstrations: Seat and hunger strike, meetings, demo demonstrations, being silent marches, single demo, mass demo, peaceful and violent demo. The topics of demos are various: against government politics, against bioassays, for a peaceful world, against globalization, formore environmental protection, for or against the influx of foreigners, for or against a road new building, against the atomic waste transport, so-called counter demonstrations, for more moneys, for more university means, against Sudiengebühren, etc.
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history
one of the large global demonstration waves in 20. Century was against the Viet Nam war. During the largest demonstration to 15. Octobers 1969 came 250,000 humans to the demonstrationafter Washington, D.C., in order to demonstrate against the war. There were world-wide demonstrations also in the year 2003 against the threatening third Gulf War.
In not-democratic states, as for example in the earlier Eastern Bloc countries, only nationally arranged (rejoicing) demonstrations were permitted.Other demonstrations were by force struck down (ex.s: 17.Juni GDR). A further example were the student protests 1989 in the People's Republic of China, which were bloodily terminated by the army with force of arms (place of the Himmli peace).
On the other hand on Mondays demonstrations took 1989in the final phase bankruptcies of the GDR a force-free end.
list of well-known demonstrations
demonstrations in Germany
annually
- Ostermarsch
- first May in numerous cities
- Christopher Street Day in numerous cities (toodifferent dates)
- Castor - transportation, since end of the 1990er demonstrations in Gorleben against the atomic politics of the FRG.
- Fuckparade in Berlin
- hemp parade in Berlin to 23. August
- night dance demo in Frankfurt/Main
historical
- 16. and 17. June 1953
- 2. June 1968 demonstrationon the occasion of the Schahbesuches in Berlin, which student Benno Ohnesorg shot by a policeman.
- Demonstrations during student unrests of the late 60's
- at the beginning of the 1980er. Mass demonstrations of the peace movement against the NATO double resolution
- 1989: weekly on Mondays demonstrations in Leipzig.
- 4. November 1989: the largest demonstration of the Wendezeit, over 500.000 humans on Mondays demonstrations demonstrated against welfare cutses 2004 [work on]
- to demonstrations world-wide annually peace demo
Christopher Street
Day
- the Alexanderplatz for freedom of reunion and opinionCountries (to different dates)
- demonstrations for the day of the work (Labour's Day) on the 1. May
- anti opera ball demonstrations in Vienna and other cities
historical
- 1969 Stonewall rebellion in the New Yorker Christopher Street (origin of the Christopher Street Day)
- 1972 Blutsonntag in Northern Ireland (English. Bloody Sunday)
- 1989 demonstration at the place of the himmlischen peace in Peking. This ended in the massacre by the Chinese army.
- 2000 to 2002 weekly Thursday demonstrations in Vienna against the FPÖ/ÖVP - government
- 2003world-wide the largest peace demonstrations since end of the cold war against the third Gulf War.
- Cacerolazo 2001 in Argentina against the economic policy
legal
demonstrations must being announced in Germany, like also in Austria, but not be approved. Due to that“There are meeting”, “opinion” and “free speech”, that are embodied in the general human right explanation, no demonstration prohibition, it is the demonstration disturbs according to politicians and police public security. Thus for example 850 humans became those in February 2002 in Munichagainst the safety conference to demonstrate wanted taken in safekeeping.
Demonstrations, which do not run peacefully, are dissolved generally by the police, in order to prevent dangers for the public (danger warning). This comes occasionally among other things when demonstrations Ultra left ones/rights, mass demonstrations with road blocks(e.g. Castor transports) or occupations of public buildings, places or roads forwards. If larger crowds meet (for example soccer games) are the police generally locally, even if not all are to be regarded these meetings as demonstration.
The demonstration right is a fundamental right on freedom of reunion and by article 8 of the Basic Law of the BR Germany guarantees, as far as demonstrations peacefully run and the fundamental rights of other demonstrators or indifferent persons do not hurt. It is subject however to certain restrictions - for example concerning the place (spell miles)- or for certain occupational groups, like officials and judges.
See also: General strike, repression
literature
- Cobler among other things: The demonstration right. dtv, 1983, ISBN 3-499-15346-7
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