Diabetes insipidus

this article describes partially the illness diabetes insipidus renalis. For information to diabetes renalis, see to diabetes renalis

The diabetes insipidus (Syn.: Diabetes spurius; Water urine Ruhr) is an innate or acquired illness,by an increased urine elimination (Polyurie) and an increased thirst feeling (Polydipsie) is characterized.

forms diabetes insipidus

of the 1. Diabetes insipidus centralis (Syn.: D. i. neurohormonalis): With the centralDiabetes insipidus is the cause an absence of the “antidiuretischen hormone “ ADH (Syn.: Vasopressin), which is formed in the hypothalamus and stored in the pituitary gland (hypophysis). This hormone affects the kidney antidiuretisch and leads to the education of a concentrated urine. For the ADH lack can a head cerebral trauma or a tumor in the hypothalamus or the hypophysis responsible its. There are also the so-called. family, thus innate diabetes insipidus.

2. Diabetes insipidus renalis (Syn.: ADH and/or. Vasopressin resistant D. i.): With the rare form insipidus the defect is to renalen diabetes in thatKidney, which cannot form normally concentrated urine despite presence of the hormone ADH.

With both forms separates the kidney increases water out. If water is not replaced sufficient by drinking, it comes to a concentration of sodium in the blood (Hypernatriämie), a so-called. hypertonic Dehydratation.

diagnostics

• anamnesis
• laboratory test of serum and Urinosmolalität
• in the thirst attempt does not rise the Urinosmolalität as to be expected.

therapy

with ADH lack gives it the possibility of supplying synthetic ADH (Desmopressin). With the renalen D. i. Type is more difficult it. Therean adequate liquid supply must be found out. To the Teill also Thiazid - Diuretika can be given, which reduce the liquid offer in the collecting pipe.

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