Diethylether

Structural formula
<math> \ mathrm {H_3C-CH_2-O-CH_2-CH_3}< /math>
General
name	Diethylether
other names	Ether, ether, Diethyläther, Ethoxyethan
sum formula	C 4 H 10 O
CAS number	60-29-7
short description	colorless liquid
characteristics
mol mass	74.12 g mol
state of aggregation	liquid
density	0.71925 g/cm ³ (15 °C)
melting point	-116.3 °C
boiling point	34.6 °C
steam pressure	587 h Pa (20 °C)
solubility	well in organic solvents, with difficulty solubly in water
of safety references
of Gefahrensymbole
F+ high-inflammatory
R and S-sentences	of R: 12-19-22-66-67 S: 9-16-29-33
MAK	400 ml/m ³
as far as possible and common, are used SI-UNITs. If not differently notes, the indicated data apply with standard conditions.

Diethylether designates an organic compound from the connecting class the Ether in chemistry. Frequently it is called simply Ether, rare ether.

representation

is usually received Ether from a mixture (for instance in the relationship 9:5) from ethanol and sulfuric acid, whereby alcohol by portion is given to the sulfuric acid and distilled then with 140 °C. The distillate caught under cooling is in a condensation reaction received the Diethylether, as arrears remains however very poisonous Diethylsulfat.

Execution:

- One submits concentrated sulfuric acid in the piston to 250ml and drips slowly under agitating and to heat over a dropping funnel 500mL Brennspiritus (EtOH) in addition

- one lets Brennspiritus run thereafter always just as much by the dropping funnel, how Ether runs into the collecting main.

- By the intensive radiator one leaves warm water to 30°C in a cycle (aquarium pump), if one is considered much on the purity of the Ethers and 40°C warm water run, if one wants to manufacture rather a larger quantity Ether in shorter time. By the cooling jacket of the Claisenbrücke one leaves approx. 0°C cold water run.

- Which lands Diethylether, which develops after the following equation in the collecting main is:

2C ₂ H ₅ OH --Kat. --> C ₄ H ₁₀₀ + H ₂ O

- if the sump temperature over 120-130°C rises, is the sulfuric acid full water and loses thereby their catalytic Fähigkeiten.Man can the water and ethanol abdestillieren and the sulfuric acid reuse even if it somewhat charred.

-Wenn ihr den Ether danach noch destillieren wollt, achtet bitte darauf, dass ihr etwas Eisensulfat dazu gebt, da explosive Peroxide entstehen können. Best you keep the Ether, in order to prevent, over KOH Plätzchen.

Want to manufacture their absolute Ether, in order to make for example a Grignard reaction, proceeds as follows:

- Sets you approx. 20-25%ige NaOH solution on and vibrates the contaminated Ether 2x thereby out. The size of the separating funnel and the quantity of NaOH solution depend naturally on the manufactured quantity of Ether

- now you vibrate the Ether 2x with water out

- now 1x with satisfied NaCl solution

- now give her the Ether to a beaker, that with foil, to the one SMALL hole with a needle one stings and give approx. 2g hydrogenite in addition (production). Leave the whole untouched over night and examine thereafter with something sodium whether the Ether is really drying.

- Still a few things for security: Diethylether forms an explosive mixture at air fast and is most flammable. Fits with warm heating mushrooms, hair dryers, or open flames ask up! Diethylether bottles may not therefore also openly, since steams can accumulate and explode at the soil. Diethylether is an anaesthetic, works therefore best only at open window, if want to keep it still another clear head.

characteristics

chemical and physical characteristics

the connection is particularly easily volatile and inflammable. Because of its otherwise however relatively small reactivity Diethylether for many reactions becomes as solvent (bspw. into Grignard reactions) inserted, because of its small solubility into water likewise as extracting agents. By effect of light in presence of air however organic peroxides , which can disintegrate easily and again like an explosion, form oxygen. Therefore Ether in dark bottles is kept; before certain uses (distillation) must be examined also for the hand its by peroxides.

first excitation

causes physiological characteristics the Inhalieren of steams, then Narkose. Therefore Ether became in former times as stabilization means (hoping man drop) and/or. Anaesthetic assigned; latter use decreases/goes back to the year 1846. Today it becomes because of long fading time, unpleasant aftereffects (and. A. Vomit, unrest) and the danger of explosion with the formation of gas mixtures with air for the Narkose does not use no more. However the substance is abused also as Rauschmittel; usually directly for this from the bottle or from a cloth soaked with Ether one inhaliert. The consumption is however not far common, although Ether can be acquired problem-free in pharmacies. As reasons the rather unspektakuläre intoxication condition and the fact that the breathing air smells 24 hours after the consumption strongly after Ether are, to state.