Third

Third the number is three of a series or one of three or more persons.

Sociology and psychoanalysis

In the social theory "third" is the figure, within that Interaction (or Intersubjectivity) over "I" and "you" (ego and older ego) outside new functions for those Communication takes over, between two interaction partners are not yet possible (mediators, Arbitrator, favoured third, the scapegoat, the plotter, the translator etc..). In the last years interests of realization in the figure and function "third" consolidate themselves. Impulses from philosophy, Psychoanalysis and literature science processing, in the sociology systematically a position "third" is determined, into - in principle of "ego" and "older" differentiated - konstitutive functions for subject formation and Sozialitaet to be recognized. Outside of the sociology play the theorems of Freud and Lacan, of Levinas, Serres and Girard a central role; within the sociology also newer beginnings are to a bringing up for discussion third to register - for instance in the system theory (Luhmanns "observer") and in the rational Choice theory beside the classical contributions of Simmel (Colemans "agent").

For this discussion the distinction between "social theory" is fundamental (as the the subject of sociological research is determined; how does social function at all?) and "society theory" (in which society we live?). Reflection on the figure third refers first to the konstitutiven socialtheoretical acceptance of the different sociological beginnings. This rekurrieren in socialtheoretical regard at present mostly - in different variants - on the ego old dyad ("doubled Kontingenz", "fight for acknowledgment", "practical intersubjectivity", "symbolic interaction", "identity and Alteritaet" etc..) as starting point of their connection observations. Systematic reflection on the status "third" ("" personale third, not "" third like language or system or social order) changes the understanding of Sozialitaet and opens thereby new sociological observation possibilities. As the category of the "different one" bundles an abundance of aspects and functions (gentleman and farmhand, Co-operation, Exchange, Conflict, Welfare service), so also "third" (observer, Representative, Mediator, Judge, Hybrid, the "third area", Scapegoat, "parasite ', Koalitionaer). The "figure third" embodies structurally the possibility of presenceAbsence; to that extent it forms the socialtheoretical trick and pivot, if it concerns the determination of the "borders of the social one" as well as the transition of the interaction (under present ones) to institutionalizing. In the reflection of its position participant and system-theoretical approaches link themselves. The view third donates differences between age and Ego and resembles it out in a measure, that the dyad from itself would be not possible. The triadische position is basal for causing and noticing inequality, in addition, for the expectation of the justice (neutrality, Judge). To that extent the socialtheoretical transition of the "other one" is to "third" consequence-fraught also for the society theory.

Literature: George Simmel, Sociology. Investigations on the forms of the socialization, Berlin 1968, 32-100. Theodor Caplow, Two against one. Coalitions in Triads. New jersey 1968. Claudia Breger/Tobias Doering, Hg, Figures thatthird. Investigations of cultural gaps. Amsterdam 1998. Doris Bachmann Medick, Third area. Approximations to a medium of cultural translation and mapping, in: Breger/ Doering (1998), 19-38. Joachim Fischer, Third. To the anthropology of the intersubjectivity, in: W. Essbach, we/ it/ it. Identity and Alteritaet in theory and method, Peppering castle 2000, 103-138. Albrecht Koschorke, The holy family and its consequences. An attempt, Frankfurt A.M. 2000. Thomas Bedorf, Dimensions third. Socialphilosophical models between ethical one and political one, Munich 2003. Dietmar J. Wetzel, Discourses of the political one. Between RH and Dekonstruktion, Munich 2003.

Quite

In that Legal terminology is Third everyone Person, on a or for other side the certain legal relation does not stand, by the law typically as a two-relationship one sees (z.B. Buyer and salesman). It is not counted over however, so that there is no "fourth".

Third is thus always a "different one", the "neither of them" is.

The German Civil law book (BGB) uses the term frequently.

Examples

After § 267 BGB can Third carry out in place of the debtor.

Under certain circumstances that has Third also a separation right, that is called a right, to carry out in place of the debtor, if it otherwise by an execution of the creditor a right at a thing would lose (§ 268 BGB). Then the demand of the creditor turns into against the debtor strength of law on it.

Third can do one Claim for alimony against a person after § 844 BGB have, if this person killed someone, that third was obligated to the maintenance. The actually interesting relationship exists after Deliktsrecht between Schaediger and the damage. Every other person is therefore third.

After § 936 BGB the rights expire Third with acquisition in good faith. Who in good faith is, a mobile thing can acquire to the property, even if the seller is not the owner. The acquisition in good faith takes place thus between sellers and Erwerber. That, the one right at the sold thing has, therefore only third is.

Sport

In Sport third is the third-placed and thus the winner that Bronze medal. Usually third stands also on the winner landing. With resembling and if necessary also several third places can be assigned.

See also: Garnishee

Please you consider also that Reference to right topics!