Incorporation

with incorporation one designates the enlargement of a city or a municipality by adding of cities or municipalities from its surrounding countryside. In this way a local part/a quarter becomes usually, that the names of the original municipality from a before independent municipalitymaintains. These local parts receive partly also a political agency, the local advice, local adviser or urban district advice. Then sometimes depending upon size of the local parts several local parts are combined into a locality or to an urban district.

Incorporations come usually for financial or local-political reasons and become ofthe citizens of the eingemeindeten localities often as negatively felt, since they accompany with a loss of their independence.

Often the incorporation is located in connection with a local reform, with which thousands of smaller municipalities were assigned to larger cities or combined into greaters. Also cities became oflarger neighbouring cities in in common December, z. B.Harburg to Hamburg, Charlottenburg to Berlin, cotton wool-separate to Bochum, Fallersleben to wolf castle.

The contrary process is those expenditure my dung.

Germany

since the beginning 20. Century became increasing smaller villages closer-lyingCities in in common December. After the seizure of power by the national socialists also politically motivated obligation incorporations took place, like z. B. Eibingen in Rhine gau to Rüdesheim on the Rhine. In the course of the municipality reform in the seventies the number of the municipalities in the old Lands of the Federal Republic became by unions and incorporations of24.282 (1968) reduced to 8.513 (2004), also these unions did not take place always according to the principle of voluntariness. In East Germany extensive municipality regional reorganizations took place in the 1990er and 2000er years. Apart from the aimed at omission of smallest administrative units this means became also with completewere to blame for municipalities, like e.g. the municipality Kittlitz or the city filter-lean in Saxonia applied.

Austria

incorporations are constantly during 19. and 20. Century accomplished. Thus constantly the former suburbs in Vienna, which were still smaller than the today's, became Viennese of municipality districts in in common December. In addition, with the other cities this was the case.

In addition, with the municipality reforms several smaller Katastralgemeinden were usually united to a greater.

Due to the ausufernden growth (above all shopping centres and approve of trade areas) of “bacon belt municipalities” approximately around the large cities (most prominent examples: Whale with Salzburg; Pasching with Linz; Vösendorf with Vienna) and thereby connected purchasing power discharge develop substantial infrastructural and economic problems for the regions. Area planning experts demand already new municipality regional reorganizations in Austria long, discover however with the politicians in Austria to a large extent still deafEars, since the area planning means “incorporation” is unfortunately often misunderstood as negative.

literature

• Hamann Philipp: Municipality regional reorganization in Bavaria - history of the development, balance and perspectives, Utz publishing house, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-8316-0528-9