Engelberg OW
| coat of arms | |
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| base data | |
| canton: | Obwalden |
| district: | (Obwalden does not know districts) |
| BFS NR.: | 1402 |
| postal code: | 6390 |
| coordinates: | 46° 49 ' n. Break. 8° 24 ' o. L. |
| Height: | 1015 m and. M. |
| Surface: | 40,75 km ² |
| inhabitants: | 3631 (31. December 2005) |
| Website: | www.gde-engelberg.ch |
| Map | |
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Engelberg is a municipality with 3 ' 900 inhabitants in Swiss half canton Obwalden and one of the most popular summer and winter tourism areas in central Switzerland. It is the principal place of a Exklave of Obwalden in the canton Nidwalden.
Table of contents |
situation
Engelberg 25 km are appropriate south the Vierwaldstättersees and 20 km south for the city Stans, in a flat, far high valley on round1000 m height. The place is enclosed between the mountain massif 3238 m of the high Titlis in the south and a mountain range in the north, which are formed by up to approximately the 2800m high mountains Engelberger red stick , Ruchstock , Rigidalstock and the whale sticks. Controls in the eastover the place throne-end to cocks directly with 2600 m height the local picture.
The valley soil of Engelberg developed at the end the last ice age, when an enormous, rockslide coming from the Titlis blocked the valley exit direction northwest. Thereupon developing natural artificial lake became within lessthousand years by rubble and sand filled up, which were advanced of the Engelberger Aa and their supplies of the neighbouring mountains. Today reminded only the small, for the electricity production artificially adjusted Eugenisee in the lower local part to the former mountain lake.
Below of it the brook fallsin the Aa Tobel, where the steep Geländestufe until to today is subject violent erosion and isolated landslides. To the municipality Engelberg belongs also below the Aaschlucht, in the lower Engelberger valley in close proximity to wolf shooting lain marks count place (sea-height 570 m).
North the main valleybranching Nebental ends suddenly underneath a perpendicularly dropping cliff; this place carries the graphic name end of the world.
River upward the valley process of the Engelberger Aa direction the east continues and later after northeast still approximately 15 km up to 2291 m the high Surenenpass .
natural entrance lead from the north, from the lower Engelberger valley ago, over 5 km distance and 500 elevator meters work on traffic by the steep, wild, close Aaschlucht. The natural elevator paths over the yoke passport direction Engstlensee and Bernese upper country, over that Storeggpass direction Melchtal and Sarnen and over the Surenenpass direction Uri and Reusstal are still by far longer, likewise steep and cumbersome and only in the high and late summer passably.
Since 1898 the place is attached over the gear wheel distance of the Luzern Stans Engelbergcourse to the traction network. Only 1931 becamethe road developed from the north so that Engelberg is attainable also in the winter with car, bus or truck. Nowadays the drive takes knappe a half hour from the God hard motorway N2 and the exit Stans south after Engelberg only.
The routes of road and lineof the Engelberger Aa are however always threatened from Muren and floods. Thus 23 became with the flood of. August 2005 both routes for approximately two weeks interrupted and Engelberg of the external world cut off. During this time private helicopter enterprises and Swiss army placed the transport ofPersons and the supply over an air lift surely. Only scarcely 17 weeks after the flood Engelberg is again attainable over the original road and the original railroad line. In the meantime traffic was led across an emergency road.
history
ways of its separated situation those becameFate of the valley over centuries of the agriculture and the 1120 created Benediktinerabtei monastery Engelberg coined/shaped. The medieval monastery was destroyed several times by fires, but resumed without interruption until today. In addition the plague and political disputes in the high and the late Middle Ages looked for several times the valley home.
The name Engelberg decreases/goes back to a legend, according to which angel voices arranged the establishment of the abbey of the height of the mountain cocks. The angel appears also in the coat of arms of the place. The monk community became the germ cell of a religious miniature state and created a monastery, a writer and a painter school,from that the today's pin school Engelberg developed and the valley beyond the borders of Switzerland admittingness brought itself.
with increasing lay liberty desires began the monastery at 1449 to retire gradual certain privileges. At present the French revolution did it 1798 without the possession rights over the Engelberger valley, which followed 1803 in the Frenchman wars first the half canton Nidwalden, but 1815 Obwalden. Thus the municipality became an enclave in Nidwalden.
Center 19. Century began then the tourism,in 20. Century to the determining restaurant factor became. With this opening outward also the social influence of the monastery was back pushed. The population amounted to 1750 about 1000 humans, exceeded around 1960 the mark 3,000 and counts at present 3,930 constant inhabitants.
Into the 1920er yearsa agricultural crisis led to the emigration of some families to upper Austria. 1938 took place in Engelberg the alpine ski world championship .
economics
in the valley soil and on the surrounding heights large pasturelands and Almen are available. The alpine milk cattle economy, over centuries the determining restaurant factor,also today still one operates, partially by national subsidies. In the summer still ring of the cow bells the noise window blind in the mountains determines, and both in the dairies in the place and directly in the cheese factories on the Almen one can do thatnative cheese, for example the Sbrinz or an excellent goat cheese, try and directly ofProducers buy.
Also over 11.000 stranger beds and 740,000 overnight accomodation per year nowadays (conditions 2004 ) however clear the tourism the determining restaurant factor is in the valley.
tourism
Aerial ropeways
in particular the Titlisregion is by aerial ropeways and ski elevators intensively opened. On the opposite valley side the Brunnibahn lures the guests on the sunny south slopes. Within the upper valley range the small Fürenalpbahn with several hundred meters offers free height before breath-robbing senkrechten a cliff an exciting elevator experienceand a travel to a high terrace with a great view over the trough valley and the opposite mountain window blind with the three-rope transmitters Titlis, Spannörter and lock mountain, which are under it. Rarely about 600 meters of high cliff are even cousin Jumper at that. to find.
Both Fürenalp and Brunni are popular stations for paraglider fliers.
winter sports
Engelberg overflowed one of the centers of the mass ski tourism and particularly at sunny weekends or holidays in the winter quite. Still come however deep snow - and route drivers in the varied high region on theirCosts, whereby also this has its drawback: Almost any year pays or other ski runner or Snowboarder, which ignores the weather conditions and the avalanche warnings, its carelessness with the life.
The long runner finds on tallow approximately up to the Herrenrütialp, on the Geschnialp and approximately overthe cloudy lake between 5 and 15 km for a long time prepared traces for the classical and the Skating style.
moving and climbing
Engelberg and the surrounding mountains offer plentifully walking, moving and climbing possibilities for each taste, each age group and any physical constitution.
Walking ways (examples):
- Professor wayby the shady tallow approximately from the village to the Auenwald Eienwäldli.
- Round way on the Gerschnialp (with the aerial ropeway attainable)
- elevator way on the Brunni (with the aerial ropeway attainable)
following the migrations are only a small selection from dozens of possibilities. They require all firm footwear (mountain shoes):
- By the Aaschlucht down after count place. Back either with the Luzern Stans Engelbergcourse or with the tiny, adventurous aerial ropeway highly to the Brunniswald and further over the elevator path to the Brunni.
- Over the Herrenrüti Alp and the upper Engelberger valley to the Wasserfall Stäuber and to the Fürenalp. Backwith the aerial ropeway (3.5 hours, 900m elevator meter rise).
 Spannörter |  lock mountain |  Surenenpass |
- of the Brunni over the Hochterassen underneath the whale sticks until Oberrickenbach (3.5 hours, if one uses the aerial ropeway to Brunni). Back with post office bus and course.
- Daily migration over the Surenenpass after Attinghausen, backwith bus and course (9 hours, nearly 20 km, more than 1,200 m rise, condition necessarily, only in the high and late summer possible). Fantastic view of the Surenenpass over the Reusstal and the Urnersee.
- 4-Seen-Wanderung over cloudy lake, yoke passport, Engstlensee, Tannalpsee, Melchsee to Stöckalp in the upper Melchtal (9 hours, condition necessarily, but some possibilities of shortening with aerial ropeways or Sesselliften the foot march). Back with post office bus and course.
In the last years (conditions 2004) climbing klettersteige of different degrees of difficulty at the Fürenalp - wall, at the Brunnistock and at the grey stick were furnished.
personalities
the successful Skirennläuferin Erika Hess in the local part count place was born.
literature
Fleiner, Albert: ENGELBERG excursions by Gebirg and valley. Under co-operation of X. Imfeld, Dr. Christian, Dr. Cattani, you Billwiller with many illustrations, maps and plans, Hofer &Citizen, Zurich o.J. (1889)
Hess, Hans: Old Engelberg. After old passes, designs, documents and photographs, publishing house Josef of matte, Stans, o. J. (1971), 64 S.
Obwaldner book of local history and geography. Hrsg. on behalf the canton advice of educating rate of the conditions Obwalden. Basel/Engelberg, Hess 1953. 432 S.
Reznicek, Felicitas of: ThatBook by Engelberg. [= Swiss of books of local history and geography No. 118/119]. Berne: Head 1964. 147 S.
Web on the left of
- official Website of the municipality Engelberg
- article Engelberg (municipality) in the historical encyclopedia of Switzerland
- Touristi information
coordinates: 46° 49 ' N, 8° 24 ' O
