English language

English (English)
spoken in: The USA, united kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, South Africa, India, Pakistan and 98 further countries
speakers: 340 million native speaker (place 3; see list of languages after the number to theirNative speaker)

350 million to 1 billion Zweitsprachler

linguistic
classification:
new English
official status
office language in: See: Office language
language code
ISO 639 -1: EN
ISO 639 -2: closely
SIL:

The English language ( English) is CLOSELY one Germanic language. It belongs, like also the German and the Netherlands, to the western branch of the Germanic languages .

In its own article it gives more for the history of the English language.

English is today the furthest commonLanguage of the world, while it concerns with high Chinese the usually-spoken native language. The English language is taught in very many countries as the first foreign language in the schools (see English (school)) and is official language of most international organizations.Many of these organizations have beside it still different official languages. English is considered than world language.

Today English is spoken world-wide of approximately 340 million humans as native language, i.e., about 340 million humans are anglophon. One adds the Zweitsprachler,one comes on approximately 510 million speaker.

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spreading

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office language

English is office language in the following states, whereby the numbers indicate the approximate number of the native speakers, so far admits:

English is besides office language of the European union, the African union, the organization of American states and the United Nations.

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other use

the English language serves besides as traffic language in following countries and regions:

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linguistic classification

the English belongs to that indogermanischen languages, which exhibited originally very strongly inflecting characteristics. All indogermanischen languages exhibit this characteristic until today more or less. It exists however in all these languages a tendency away from inflecting and to isolating forms.In English this tendency was particularly pronounced, so that it changed itself in the course of its development in the nature strongly.

Today the English language carries predominantly isolating courses and resembles structurally partly more strongly isolating languages like the Chinese one thanthe genetically closely used languages like the German. Besides the language divided itself today by the far spreading into many dialects. Many European languages form also completely new terms on basis of the English language (Anglizismen). Also insome technical languages the terms are coined/shaped by Anglizismen, e.g. within the ranges computer science and economics.

The LANGUAGE code is EN and/or closely (according to ISO 639); the code for old English (about 450 to 1100) is ang and the codefor central English (about 1100 to 1500) is enm.

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language variants of the English language

the emergence of the English language can be arranged as follows:

by thoseworld-wide spreading of the English language developed these variants numerous in different areas.

After the most well-known and strangest variant of the English one speaks often also of a Pidginisierung, if a language itself by its far spreading into several languagesto divide begins, which are still compatible among themselves hardly.

The following language variants are differentiated:

  • see also: International classifications (English language)

for the rapid acquisition of the English as internationalTraffic language was developed a basic global English.

A set of Pidginsprachen and Kreolsprachen developed on English substrate.

The penetration of Anglizismen into other languages becomes sometimes with devaluing names like “Denglisch “(German and English) or“Franglais “(French and English) provide. It concerns not around variants of the English, but features in other languages.

the jokeful term “Engrish “designates likewise no variant thatEnglish language, but the clumsy refers here in particular English, which is to be found occasionally in asiatic countries, with Japanese to, who replace the lateral “l”, which does not occur in the Japanese, by “r”.

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something similar/used words

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German and Netherlands

surprisingly are the very numerous English words, with which the relationship with the German and the Netherlands one by meaning shift or - narrowing often not in the eye falls.

English (today's meaning) related German word related Netherlands word
throw [θrəʊ̯] (throw) turn draaien
work {} (work) work work
warp [wɔːp] (reject themselves metal) throw werpen
child [kaɪ̯nd] (friendly) (follow modification, off of) child child
READ [riːd] (read) guess/advise raden
write [raɪ̯t] (write) cut reet (corresponds dt. Crack)
smart [smɑːt] (stinging pain) pain smart
wreak [riːk] (exercise revenge) throats wreken
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Danish

English Danish German
roofridge [fɜːst] først [forest] prince, first, first, the highest, who first (roof roofridge this very day)
knife [naɪf] kniv [kniv] pinch (Schustermesser), pinch
smile [smaɪl] smile [smile] schmunzeln, smile
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French

Jealous [ ˈdʒæləs
] jaloux, jalouse [ʒalu, ʒaluz] jealous publicity [ pʌˈblɪsəti
] publicité [pyblisite ] suggest [səˈdʒɛst ] more suggérer [
syʒeʀe ], suggest [ work on] collections of texts suggest English French
German to advertisement,

advertisement

with the Project good mountain stand numerousTexts freely for the order.

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see also

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literature

  • WolfgangSquare, Heinrich Ramisch, Karin square:dtv Atlas English language. dtv, 2002. ISBN 3423032391
  • J. C. Wells: Accents OF English. Volume I: At Introduction. Cambridge University press, 1982. ISBN 0521297192
  • J. C. Wells: Accents OF English. Volume II: The BritishIsles. Cambridge University press, 1982. ISBN 0521285402
  • J. C. Wells: Accents OF English. Volume III: Beyond the British Isles. Cambridge University press, 1982. ISBN 0521285410
  • Michael McCarthy, Felicity O'Dell: English Vocabulary in Use. upper intermediate and advanced. Cambridge University press, 1994
  • Raymond Murphy: English Grammar in Use. Cambridge University press, 1985
  • Robert Phillipson: Linguistics Imperialism. Oxford University press, 2000. ISBN 0194371468
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Web on the left of

Wikipedia on English
Commons: English pronunciation - pictures, videos and/or audio files
Wiktionary: English - word origin, synonymsand translations
Wikibooks: English - learning and teaching materials
Wikiquote: English proverbs - quotations
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learning assistance

to learn with Vokabeltrainer

[

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of dictionaries


epochs within the English language

old English (old English) | Central English (Middle English) | Early new English (Early decaying English) | Modern English (English decay)

 

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