Falsification
One Falsification (also as Falsifikat designated) is present, if one subordinates to an own achievement the author shank of another.
Usually with the falsification one tries, Original or a legally protected Product in all characteristics, Materials, Signatures and Brand name thus to copy, that it as Original or as Branded article appears. In addition, it can occur, that to a falsification no original of the manufacturer indicated in the falsification, Artist, Politician or writer exists or none of the indicated scientific sources, Documents, Law works or discovery sites exist. A special form of the falsification is those Falsification.
Falsifications are well-known from the following ranges:
- Historical falsification see also Geschichtsklitterung
- Antiques (z. B. Furniture)
- Computer (falsified hard -, and software)
- Documents (z.B. Documents, Konstantini donation, pseudoisidorische Dekretalen)
- Branded article (z.B. Clocks, Clothing) in that Product falsification
- Spare parts (z.B. Automobile, Airplane)
- Art compares Art falsification (pictures, Sculptures, Designs etc..)
- Literature (z.B. J. Macphersons of "fragment OF ancient poetry, collected into the highlands OF Scotland ", 1760 as alleged work Ossians)
- Reliquien (particularly in The Middle Ages)
- Pieces of collecting tank (see Collect)
- within the range that Philatelie (compares Stamp falsification)
- Currency (z.B. falsified Cash notes, sucked. Blooms) see: Counterfeit money
- Wrong statement, Perjury
- Falsification of UFO photos or falsification of photos of alleged sea-monsters
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Famous falsifications
- Hitler diaries, falsified of Konrad Kujau, admits become by the publication in Star. The history of this falsification became under the title Schtonk! filmed.
- Konstantini donation: Alleged reason of the church state
- Privilegium Maius: Extensive one Falsification of documents 14. Century, that the dukes of Austria special rights provided.
- Hamburg City document of 1189, allegedly Charter of Barbarossa, actually of interested buyers
- That Santilli film today a falsification good-made of experts as one evaluates predominantly, so long Ray Santilli that is not ready entire To give change original Filmaterial for examination on authenticity and time of the development to an independent committee of inquiry.
Famous counterfeiters
- Art counterfeiter:
- Stamp counterfeiter:
Legal meaning
- Falsification of money and stamp is one Criminal offence (§146-152b StGB).
- Falsification of in copyright matters protected works is fundamental in UrhG regulated.
- Falsification of an artist signature is treated in §107 UrhG
- Falsification of documents is one Criminal offence after §267 StGB
- Falsification for the purpose of obtaining by devious means of profit is after §263 StGB fraud facts
Literature
- Exhibition catalog meal and Berlin: Falsification and research. Hrsg.: Museum Folkwang, Meal, and national museums Prussian culture possession, Berlin. 1976. ISBN 3-7759-0201-5.
- Karl Corino (Hrsg.): Falsified! Fraud in politics, Literature, Science, Art and music., Frankfurt, 1990
- Klaus Ahrens, Guenter Handloegten. Genuine money for wrong art Remchingen 1992
- Joachim Goll: Art counterfeiter. E.A.Sailor publishing house Leipzig, 1. Aufl. 1962 (with bibliography)
- Werner Fuld: The encyclopedia of the falsifications. Lies and plots in art, History and literature. Piper: Munich, 2000. ISBN 3-492-23011-3
- Peter Haffner, Hania Luczak: Falsifications in the research. In: Geo 03/March 2003, Pages 120-138.
Web on the left of
See also
- Fraud
- Fraud and falsification in the science
- Counterfeit
- Disinfopedia now SourceWatch
- Double
- Double
- Doublet (z.B. Production of an identical vehicle with same number sign)
- Falsification of technical recordings
- Imitation
- Reproduction
- Trojan horse
- Deception
- Turk (verb) = something Turks, etc. build a Turk.
- Falsification of documents
- Election fraud
