Friedrich Schrader

Dr. phil. Friedrich Schrader (* 19. November 1865in Wolmirstedt; † August 1922 in Berlin) lived from 1891 to 1918 in Konstantinopel (today Istanbul). It was a German Philologe of of the eastern languages, writers, art historians, Social Democrat, translator and journalist (alias Ischtiraki ( اشتراكى ) = Arab/osmanisch for “ the socialist “).

Table of contents 1 life 1,1 training in Magdeburg and resounds (1865-1891) to 1,2 Konstantinopel I (1891-1907, Abdülhamid II. - Era) 1.2.1 training activity 1.2.2 first journalistic activities 1,3 training activity in Baku (1907-1908) 1,4 Konstantinopel II (1908-1918, 2. Osmani condition period, 1. World war) 1.4.1 deputy editor-in-chief “Osmani Lloyd” 1.4.2 commitment for the German-Turkish culture exchange 1.4.3 Istanbuler monument protection project 1918 1,5 Berlin (1919-1922) 2 literature of 2,1 works 2,2 reproductions from Schraders “Konstantinopel” 2,3 translations of 2,4 essays in newspapers and magazines (selection) 2,5 German newspapers and magazines for the Schrader as correspondent in Istanbul until 1918 actively was (incompletely) 2,6 secondary literature 3 Web on the left of

lives

training in Magdeburg and resounds (1865-1891)

to Friedrich Schrader puts down to be Abitur at the cathedral High School Magdeburg . After its study it attains a doctorate 1889 in Indologie with Professor. Dr. Smelling pool of broadcasting corporations Pischel (managing director of the German Morgenländi society) at the university resounds to the topic: the translation of the Karmapradipa, from a vedischen Sutra, into German.

Konstantinopel I (1891-1907, Abdülhamid II.- Era)

training activity

starting from 1891 work Schrader as a lecturer on Robert college in Bebek at Konstantinopel. Around 1900 he is a professor at one Armenian - French Lycée in Pera, afterwards at the “Alman Lisesi”, the German school Istanbul actively. Schrader begins already during the term of office of Sultan Abdülhamid II.to translate, Turkish writers and into German-language magazines rezensieren.

first journalistic activities

off approx. 1900 have Schrader Korrespondententätigkeiten for different German daily papers and magazines (among other things “Forward “and” the recent time “, alias “Ischtiraki “).

In “forward “and into” the recent time “(Hg. SPD) 1900 regime-critical articles under the alias “Ischtiraki”, in which it criticizes the policy of Germany in the Osmani realm, appear special the focusing on economic and military interests under neglect of the cultural exchange between the two nations. In an accompanying letter at Karl Kautsky (today in Kautsky archives in the IISG Amsterdam) refers to Schrader the repression and spying on by the Turkish authorities in this time.

training activity in Baku (1907-1908)

from 1907 to 1908 is Schrader as a lecturer at the Russian professional school in Baku (Azerbaijan) actively and operates field research in the Caucasus region. Among other things Schrader concerns itself with the cult places of the Parsen ( “ Feueranbeter” which were in close proximity to Baku because of natural natural gas sources).

Konstantinopel II (1908-1918, 2. Osmani condition period, 1. World war)

deputy editor-in-chief “Osmani Lloyd”

from 1908 to 1918 works Schrader as joint founder and a deputy editor-in-chief that German - and französischsprachigen Konstantinopeler daily paper “Osmani Lloyd “(a collection of its essays from this time for the feuilleton of the newspaper is in the book “Konstantinopel in past and present”, see below).

commitment for the German-Turkish culture exchange

starting from 1907 translates Schrader osmanische literature into German, among other things Novels of Ahmed Hikmet and Halide Edip, and reports on the current Turkish literature in magazines like “the literary echo “and the feuilleton of well-known daily papers like the Frankfurt newspaper.

Schrader engages itself apart from the popularization of new Turkish culture in Germany also for the spreading of German culture in the Osmani realm. In November 1909 it organizes a commemoration ceremony with an Turkish-Armenian theatre ensemble to 150. Birthday of Friedrich Schiller, with a paper and szenischen representations from dramas Schillers, held by it in Osmanisch. Likewise 1909 receive Schrader attendance from Martin Hartmann, to the citizen of Berlin Orientalisten, which appreciates 1910 in its published report over its Turkey stay (“unpolitical letters from Turkey”) Schraders good relations with not-Muslim intellectual ones like the Armenian journalist Dikran Kelekian.

In the spring 1914 is the young writer Otto Flake in Konstantinopel. Flake describes the common migrations with Schrader around the golden horn in an essay in the new one round-looks approximately, which was reprinted later in its essay collection “the log”.

Five decades before establishment of the first Goethe Institute in Istanbul Schrader the euro mediterrane tolerant spirit that is important Weimar classical period of Goethe and Schiller. Particularly Goethe appointed himself not only to the Greek-Roman antique one, but also to the Islamic tradition (“westeastern Divan “). Schrader tried with the promotion of this inheritance the basis of a cultural dialogue between Germany and the Orient to put, contrary to of it experienced and in earlier articles in the “recent time” and in “forward” urgently the described, the official German-Turkish relations at that time controlling Prussian militarism and economic imperialism, as well as that arrogantly to racistic occurrence of German “experts” from politics, science, economics and military in the Orient.

Schrader tries in vain to affect the young-recent movement in this sense, supported from the outset by it. Particularly starting from 1915 taking place pursuits non-Muslim minorities, above all the Armenian and Greek, by those predominantly out of Prussian officers of gedrillten military recruited young-Turkish ruling power document the failure of Schraders efforts, the young-recent revolution in the sense of the mental traditions of Europe and the Orients a human impulse to lend.

Istanbuler monument protection project 1918

1917/18 pulls itself Schrader resigned from the journalistic work back and dedicates themselves to its denkmalpflegerischen interests completely. It becomes member of the urban commission Konstantinopels the collection and listing of Islamic and Byzantine building thinking marks (co-operation among other things with that Armenian - Turkish photographers Hagop Iskender). With a team of Turkish experts Schrader seizes systematically by war effects damaged and threatened buildings of the city. On the basis of archaeological investigations, searches and questionings of the adjacents resident information about the monuments is systematically seized and photographed by Iskender. Valuable construction units are saved and in the archaeological museum of the city secured. Since Schrader must leave the city in November 1918 due to the allied crew, the work cannot be locked. The whereabouts of the extensive documents described by Schrader 1919 in a publication (see below) and the photographic material are today unknown.

Berlin (1919-1922)

1918/19 comes Schrader to a spectacular escape before the threatening internment by the Entente, over Odessa and by after the October Revolution into the Russian civil war entangled the Ukraine, to Berlin.

In Berlin he strives first in vain around a position in the scientific range or the diplomacy. Of 1919 - 1920 are Schrader as a coworker with of SPD - party executive committee and the Prussian SPD state tag delegate and people customer professor Heinrich Cunow (starting from 1917 successors of Karl Kautsky) published magazine “the recent time “actively. It last is from 1920 to 1922 coworkers of the “German general newspaper “(DAZ) in Berlin, where another SPD politician, the realm tag delegate and political economist Professor. Dr. Paul Lensch in this time the department with regard to foreign policy leads.

Schrader dies in August 1922 at the age of only 57 years in Berlin, after the DAZ had reprinted few weeks before its historical novel “in the spell of Byzanz”.

literature

of works

• Konstantinopel in past and present: J.C.B. Mohr (Paul Siebeck), Tübingen, 1917
• a refugee journey by the Ukraine - diary sheets of my escape from Konstantinopel: J.C.B. Mohr (Paul Siebeck), Tübingen, 1919
• in the spell of Byzanz, novel, Berlin, DAZ, June 1922

reproduction from Schraders “Konstantinopel”

• Esther Gallwitz (Hg.), 1981, Istanbul: Island paperback publishing house, ISBN 3-458-32230-2
  • S. 250-252 the Koranschule (Orig. S. 7-9)
  • S. 285-286 in the shade of Mahmud pasha (Orig. S. 33-38)
  • S. 329-330 the Bosphorus (Orig. S. 204-207)
  • S. 396-397 age and new but faith in Konstantinopel (Orig. S. 132-136)

• Jale Tükel (Hg.), 1987, dtv journey libretto Istanbul: dtv, ISBN 3-423-03904-3
  • S. 57 one winter morning in the Mahalle (Orig. S.1-2)
  • S. 135-136 cures and Wohlgerüche (Orig. S. )
  • S. 233-234 in Dschihangir (Orig. S. 199-204)

translations

• of the Karmapradipa: Thesis, university resounds, to 1889
• Ahmed Hikmet, 1907, Turkish women: Berlin, Mayer and Müller (translation F. Schrader, publisher Professor. Dr. George Jacob )
• Ahmed Hikmet, 1916, the grape/cluster salesman (narration): in: Buyer, M.R. (Hg.), Turkish narrations, dolphin, Munich
• Ahmed Hikmet, 1916, the culture carrier (narration): in: Buyer, M.R. (Hg.), Turkish narrations, dolphin, Munich
• Ahmed Hikmet, 1916, aunt Naqije (narration): in: Buyer, M.R. (Hg.), Turkish narrations, dolphin, Munich
• Halide Edip, 1916, the new Turan - a Turkish woman fate: Gustav Kiepenheuer, Leipzig (translates of F. Schrader, German Orientbücherei, publisher Ernst Jaeckh)
• Halid Sia, 1916, the black slave (narration): in: Buyer, M.R. (Hg.), Turkish narrations, dolphin, Munich
• Halid Sia, 1916, in the service of the Mahalle (narration): in: Buyer, M.R. (Hg.), Turkish narrations, dolphin, Munich
• the three sisters (Turkish people fairy tale): in: Buyer, M.R. (Hg.), Turkish narrations, dolphin, Munich, 1916

essays in newspapers and magazines (selection)

• newTurkish bibliography: The literary echo, volume 3, 1900, S. 1686-1690
• Ischtiraki, 1900, the mental life in Turkey and the current regime: The recent time, class 18, volume 2, pp. 548-555
• Ischtiraki, 1900, of the golden horn: Forward, maintenance supplement, 31. May 1900 - 1. June 1900
• from the Poland time Peras: Osmani Lloyd, 1916 (?), reprinted in: Konstantinopel, S. 180-184 (the Polish freedom fighters mention, e.g. Adam Mickiewicz, which supported 1855 from Konstantinopel Turkey in the Krimkrieg against Russia, the art monuments Konstantinopels appeared on the occasion of the official acknowledgment independent Poland by the German Reich in
• the year 1916): The new Orient, 1919, volume 5, S. 302-304 and 352-354 (description of the above mentioned. Monument protection project)
• political life in Turkey: The recent time, 1919, class 37, volume 2, pp. 460-466
• the handicraft with the Osmanli Turks: The recent time, 1919, class 38, volume 1, pp. 163-168
• the situation agriculture-ends class in Turkey: The recent time, 1920, class 38, volume 1, pp. 317-319
• the young-Turkish Lausanner program: The recent time, 1920, class 38, volume 2, pp. 6-11, 31-35
• the Egyptian question: The recent time, 1920, class 38, volume 2, pp. 172 - 177

German newspapers and magazines for the Schrader as correspondent in Istanbul until 1918 (incompletely) the literary

• echo the new
• Orient (Hg was active. Intelligence office for the Orient, Professor. Eugen Wednesday )
• the recent time (SPD, partly. under the alias “Ischtiraki “)
• Frankfurt newspaper
• Kölni newspaper
• Leipziger pictorial
• Magdeburgi newspaper
• resident of Munich pictorial
• forward (SPD, partly. under the alias “Ischtiraki “)
• Vossi newspaper

secondary literature

• Martin Hartmann, 1910, unpolitical letters from Turkey: Leipzig, publishing house Rudolf head (description of attendance with Schrader in Konstantinopel during its stay in the year 1909)
• Otto Flake, 1914, from Konstantinopel: New ones round-look, 15. Jg., Bd. 2, S. 1666 - 1687 (reprinted in: The log, S. Fischer publishing house, Frankfurt, 1917 (Schrader dips as “Dr. S. “on the pages 1678-1681 up.)
• max of Rudolf buyer, a literary discovery - Schraders “Konstantinopel”: Reports of the German-Turkish society, number 17, 1957, S. 13-14 ISSN 0415-5289
• Çelik Gülersoy, bibliography: “Istanbul” de Friedrich Schrader: Touring Et of automobiles club de Turquie: January four 1959, pp. 31-32
• N.N., ring-back signal on Dr. Friedrich Schrader, German general newspaper, 30. August 1922
• Laqueur, Hans Peter, holy fools - Närri holy ones - walks by the old Istanbul: Istanbul post office (Internet newspaper), starting from 5.6.2004 - (“Konstantinopel” refers) to Schraders

Web on the left of

• {{#if:

| | * Literature of and over Friedrich Schrader in the catalog of the DDB

}}

• Karl Kautsky PAPER RK the IISG Amsterdam: Type character OF Friedrich Schrader ton Karl Kautsky, dated July 1900, D XX 441

person data
NAME	Schrader, Friedrich
ALTERNATIVE NAME	Ischtiraki
SHORT DESCRIPTION	of German writers and Orientalist
DATE OF BIRTH	19. November 1865
PLACE OF BIRTH	Wolmirstedt
DYING DATE	August 1922
DYING PLACE	Berlin