Soccer federal league

the soccer federal league is the highest play class in German Football.

After the resolution of the DFB to 28. July 1962 in the gold hall that Westphalia resounding in Dortmund for the establishment of the soccer federal league is determined since the play time 1963/64 the German football master in the league system. Each association of the league steps into andReplays against every other association of the 1. League on. The crew with most points from all plays becomes German master. From the first federal league the last three crews descend into the second soccer federal league. Below the federal league formsit since 1974 the second highest play class, until 1981 and separately according to the German reunification in the season 1991/92 into 2. League north and south.

The soccer federal league was delivered until 2001 under the roof of the German football federation (DFB), until the again-created German football league (DFL) the responsibility took over.

Table of contents 1 history 1,1 prehistory 1,2 the initial members of the federal league 1,3 the 60's 1,4 the 70's 1,5 the 80's 1,6 the 90's 1,7 the 2000er 2 play mode 2,1 changesin the play mode 2,2 overview: sporty qualification of 2,3 associations 3 entitled to take part at the European Cup the individual play times of 4 German masters (federal league, 1963/64 - 2005) 5 financing of 6 records 6,1 Top Five of the best goal scorers 6,2 Top Ten of the players with mostEmployments of 6,3 other records and worth knowing facts of 7 associations of 8 players and coach 9 see also to 10 Web on the left of

history

prehistory

already 1932 demanded the DFB president at that time Felix Linnemann the introduction of a “realm league”, a professional league, in which the best associations should out-play the German master. The project was rejected however by the regional federations. Into the sixties the German master among the masters of the particulars became Upper leagues in group plays and final play determines, while the GDR master was already determined for the play time 1949/ 50 in a country-wide GDR upper league.

1962 - few weeks, after the German national team had separated with the WM in Chile in the quarter final -the later DFB president Hermann Neuberger suggested the creation of a uniform highest play class then again. To 28. July 1962 finally decided the DFB Bundestag to Dortmund the introduction of the federal league to the season 1963/64.

Originally the league with 16 crews played,whereby five from the upper league south and the upper league each west, three from the upper league north, two from the upper league southwest and an association should come from the city league Berlin. Sporty and economic criteria should be determining with the selection,whereby only one association per city infrage came. Altogether 46 associations applied for the admission into the federal league. For the participation in the federal league the achievements of the crews of the last twelve years were crucial.

the initial membersthe federal league

• from the upper league north: Unity Braunschweig, Werder Bremen, Hamburg sports association
• from the upper league west: Borussia Dortmund, 1. Fiber plastic Cologne, avoid Eric ago sports association (today: MSV Duisburg), Prussia Münster, fiber plastic Schalke 04
• from the upper leagueSouthwest:1. Fiber plastic Kaiserslautern, 1. Fiber plastic Saarbruecken
• from the upper league south: Unity Frankfurt, Karlsruher sports club, 1. Fiber plastic Nuremberg, TSV 1860 Munich, VfB Stuttgart
• from the city league Berlin: Hertha BSC Berlin

the 60's Years

in the season Hertha BSC Berlin was extracted from 1964/65 because of to high payments to the players the license, and the association had to obligation-descend into (at that time second-class) the regional league. Originally also the Karlsruher sports club and the fiber plastic Schalke 04 should when sporty Absteiger leaves the class, both associations raised however objection. Thereupon was specified to increase the number of the associations on 18 and to suspend the descent for one season. For political reasons (Manifestation of the requirement of the Federal Governments since 1949 thatat least the three west sectors of the entire Berlin to the Federal Republic, still standing under four-power responsibility, belong) decided the DFB to take up additionally Tasmania 1900 to the league. Despite a victory to the season prelude the crew rose however after only one play time as the worstTeam of all federal league times with seven federal league minus records (smallest number at obtained gates [15] and highest number to Gegentoren [108], few pluses [8], few victories [2], most defeats [28], smallest spectator number of a play [827] and longest victoryless series [31 plays in consequence])again off. In the same year (1965) Moenchengladbach and Bavaria Munich of two associations ascended with Borussia, which dominated the federal league after short time.

the 70's

at the beginning of the 70's the federal league lost due to of the Federal league scandal around manipulated plays substantially at reputation, what could not wear however much to the enthusiasm for football in Germany, particularly by the profits of the EM 1972 and the WM 1974 in the own country against the Netherlands. Borussia Moenchengladbach created as the first associationthe successful title defense of the German championship (1970/71). Thereupon Bavaria Munich reached the first title having trick ('72 - '74), to today only the Mönchengladbacher ('75 - '77) and Bavaria ('85 - '87, '99- '01) to repeat could. Borussia Moenchengladbach achieved the highest victory of federal league history in the year 1978 by a 12:0 against Borussia Dortmund.

the 80's

in the 80's was a general spectator decrease in the federal league stagesto register. This was among other things because of the fact that several Germans of star changed to foreign associations, in addition, at the budding problem of the hooliganism. By successes of Boris Becker and Steffi Graf shifted the interest of spectator besides relatively strongly inDirection tennis.

1986 were decided the 8-wöchige winter break, since in the winter months some places were unbespielbar and thus plays failed. Also one wanted to work against being missing the spectators because of the bad weather conditions.

the 90's

1991 the German soccer federation of the GDR ( DFV) joined the DFB . With the adjustment of the East German of league system to the West German play enterprise the fiber plastic Hansa Rostock and direct current generator Dresden from the GDR upper league were taken up to the federal league. The league played therefore 1991/92temporarily with 20 associations.

Since beginning of the 90's the federal league enjoys again of increasing popularity with the Germans. This was on the one hand due to the sporty success of the national team (third WM-title 1990 and third EM-title 1996). On the other hand the federal league becamein the media in the last years purposefully markets, which entailed partly a certain star cult of the players.Otto deer hail called it once “the dance around the golden calf”.

the 2000er

to 24. August 2003 celebrated the federal league with a play between „federal league dinosaurs “ Hamburg sports association and federal league record master Bavaria Munich their 40. Birthday. 2004 introduced the league of master stars for Meistertitel, which were obtained in the context of the federal league.

The next two play times becameovershadowed released by the football scandal 2005, by the arbitrator Robert Hoyzer, in whose course it came to further determinations against manipulated plays. Hoyzer confessed, plays of the 2. Soccer federal league the DFB cup and the regional league to have manipulated. The suspicion,the fact that also plays of the federal league could have been shifted was so far not confirmed.

To the 2000ern also a creeping purge of the international class of the federal league pointed itself. In the UEFA Fünfjahreswertung lost the league place around place and is today internationalonly as strongly as the Portuguese or the Netherlands league.

nevertheless the spectator numbers rose to always new Bestmarken. The 306 plays of the season 2004/2005 visited over 11.56 million spectator (on average 37,781), which clearly over the spectator numbersin Spain, Italy or England lies. The European-wide highest spectator cut achieved with 77.235 Borussia Dortmund. The rising spectator numbers can be explained with the many again built or modernized stages and a generally increasing interest in the football.

Play mode

the federal league serves primarily the determination of the German football master. All associations play on the basis the season ago a specified play plan twice against each other, ever once in the own stadium and once in the stadium of the opponent. Since thatSeason 1995/96 is assigned for a victory 3 points, for an undecided 1 point and for a defeat 0 points. Before it for each play plus and points of minus were assigned - victory: 2:0 points, undecided: 1:1 points, defeat: 0:2Points.

The crew, which reserves the first seat after conclusion of this double point round, is German master. It is just as entitled as table second to the participation in the champions League (see overview). The three last associations rise into the 2. Federal leagueoff, from which again the best three associations ascend (see overview).

With point equality first the better gate relationship (gate difference) decides the number of obtained gates on the order of the placement, with same difference thereafter. This comparison should still no decisionbring, the following criteria to rate are pulled: the total result from the portions against each other, the number of gates obtained in these portions against each other, the number of gates in the direct comparison, obtained outward. Afterwards the obtained Auswärtstore in all plays decides.If these comparisons do not bring in for anything, at neutral place a deciding match is delivered. This was so far in the federal league however never the case.

changes in the play mode

• number of crews: 18; 1963-65 was it 16, 1991/92: 20 (overTo create place for participants of the dissolved GDR upper league).
• Number of Absteiger: 3; Relegationsspiele denied 1963-74 2, 1981-91 2 firm Absteiger, the Sechzehnte of the federal league against third of the 2. Federal league. 1991/92: 4.

overview: sporty qualification

• 1. Place: German master and participation in the UEFA champions League
• 1. and 2. Place: Participation in the UEFA champions League
• 3. Place: Qualification round for the champions League. With non--qualification participation in the UEFA Cup.
• 4. - 5. Place: Participation in the UEFA Cup
• 6.Place: Participation in the UI-Cup
• 16. - 18. Place: Descent into the 2. Soccer federal league

the number of German crews, which may participate in the international competitions, depends on the UEFA five Jahreswertung .

In addition the winner of the DFB cup is automatic for the UEFA Cupqualified. If it should be qualified however already by the result in the championship for an international competition (not UI-Cup), a further crew may advance. Usually this is the been subject cup finalist. This association should however also for champions Leagueor UEFA Cup qualified its, advances federal league sixth.

at the European Cup entitled to take part associations

• champion League: to 1996/97: 1 (the German master), 1997 - 99: 2, since then 2 firm participant and 1 and/or. 2in the qualification, dependent on the UEFA five Jahreswertung.
• 1991 ago the German master qualified for the European Cup the national master was, who was then organized as champions League again.
• UEFA cup: 3 participant, one of it is the DFB Cup winner (if not for thoseChampion League qualifies). Vormals even up to 4 crews.
• The DFB Cup winner was qualified 1999 ago for the European Cup the Cup winner, who came up then in the UEFA cup.

the individual play times

German masters (federal league, 1963/64 - 2005)

in the history of the federal league achieved altogether eleven associations the Meistertitel, of it only four in the last ten years. On the other hand there were 7 different masters in the first 7 years,before it Borussia Moenchengladbach as first association 1971 succeeded to win the title for the second time.

Twice in consequence of German masters of the soccer federal league so far only Bavaria Munich, Borussia Dortmund, Borussia Moenchengladbach and that became Hamburg sports association. One „title having trick “created onlyBorussia monk close lab oh (1x; 1975-1977) and Bavaria Munich (3x; 1972-1974, 1985-1987 and 1999-2001). So far it succeeded however still to no association to four times win in consequence the German championship.

Association	number of Meistertitel	years of the championships
fiber plastic Bavaria Munich	18	1969, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1980, 1981, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1989, 1990, 1994, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2005
Borussia Moenchengladbach	5	1970, 1971, 1975, 1976, 1977
Werder Bremen	4	1965, 1988, 1993, 2004
Borussia Dortmund	3	1995, 1996, 2002
Hamburg sports association	3	1979, 1982, 1983
VfB Stuttgart	2	1984, 1992
1. Fiber plastic Kaiserslautern	2	1991, 1998
1. Fiber plastic Cologne	2	1964, 1978
1. Fiber plastic Nuremberg	1	1968
unity Braunschweig	1	1967
TSV 1860 Munich	1	1966

financing

the DFL erwirtschaft by the television transmissions of the federal leaguemeanwhile amounts within the three-figure million-range. 300 million euro could be taken by the transmission of the plays in the Pay TV and the summaries in the Free TV annually up to the season 2005/06. This amount will in the future rise again clearly, starting from the comingSeason the transmitters around arena 420 million euro per year to the DFL will transfer. These funds are distributed success-dependently to the associations of the two federal leagues, the new concept momentarily still are in the discussion phase.

Generate beside the television fundsthe professional soccer associations further incomes by tickets and Sponsoring. The yields different depending upon attractiveness and success let one develop thereby ever more largely becoming financial (and thus in the long run also sporty) gap between the individual associations.

By the substantial increasesthe incomes of the associations likewise the height of the transfer fees for players and coaches as well as the salaries of the involved ones are angeschnellt on up to two digit amounts of millions per year in the course of the time. Particularly at the beginning of the nineties it camea quantum transition with the prices for the television practicing rising up: While the public TV organizations had to pay still 18 million DM (converted nine million euro) for the transmission of the soccer federal league in the play time 1987/88, the Erstübertragung of the plays cost the television station SAT.1 tenYears later already 180 million DM.

records

Top Five of of the best goal scorers

1. Gerd Mueller (1965 - 1979) 365 gates (Ø of 0.85 gates per play)
2. Klaus Fischer (1968 - 1988) 268Gates (to 0,50)
3. Jupp Heynckes (1965 - 1978) 220 gates (0,60)
4. Manfred castle Mueller (1969 - 1990) of 213 gates (0,48)
5. Ulf Kirsten (1990 - 2003) of 182 gates (0,52)

see also: Top 50 of the best goal scorers

Top Ten of the players with most employments

1. Karl-Heinz Körbel (1972 - 1991) 602 plays
2. Manfred Kaltz (1971 - 1991) of 581 plays
3. Klaus Fichtel (1965 - 1988) of 552 plays
4. Mirko Votava (1976 - 1996) of 546 plays
5. Klaus Fischer (1968 - 1988) of 535 plays
6. Eike Immel (1978 - 1995) 534 plays
7. Willi Neuberger (1966 - 1983) of 520 plays
8. Michael Lameck (1972 - 1988)518 plays
9. Uli stone (1978 - 1997) 512 plays
10. Stefan Reuter (1985 - 2004) of 502 plays

other records and worth knowing facts

of associations

• as only association is that Hamburg sports association sincethe establishment of the federal league 1963 continuously thereby. The fiber plastic Bavaria ( continuous since 1965), Borussia Dortmund ( continuous since 1976) follow, the VfB Stuttgart (continuous since 1977) and Bavarian Leverkusen (continuous since 1979).
• Thus and is that was Hamburg sports associationrepresent naturally also as only association in 43 sequential play times in the federal league. In this column the fiber plastic Bavaria (41 play times, continuously since 1965) follows it, the 1. Fiber plastic Cologne (35 play times of 1963 to 1998), Borussia Moenchengladbach (34/1965 to 1999) as well as the 1.FC Kaiserslautern and unity Frankfurt (in each case 33/1963 to 1996).
• Is from the associations represented presently in the federal league beside that Hamburg sports association of the fiber plastics Bavaria Munich (in the federal leaguesince 1965), Bavarian Leverkusen (since 1979), the VfL wolf castle (since 1997) and the 1. FSV Mainz 05 (since 2004) ever not descended.
• In the federal league so far 49 associations played. From these 49 associations play to time (season2005/06) 18 in the federal league, 12 in the second federal league and 16 in the amateur leagues. Three associations had to announce some years in each case after its federal league descent bankruptcy and were dissolved.
• The fiber plastic Bavaria Munich was so far on 491 play days front runners thatSoccer federal league. One follows the association of Borussia Moenchengladbach, which was allowed to stand 130 times at the point, and which sports association Werder Bremen, which was nevertheless 119 times front runner. At the following places are that Hamburg sports association (108) and Borussia Dortmund (95). On the 1441 play days (conditions: ) 29 of the past 49 federal league associations nevertheless stood for winter break 2005/06 on place 1 of the federal league table. At ten of these play days two crews first rank divided, once even three crews.
• The fiber plastic BavariaMunich is the only crew, which became German master, although she was never on all play days before table leader (in the season 1985/86).
• In the play times 1972/73 as well as 1984/85 created it likewise the fiber plastic Bavaria Munich from first to the latterTherefore play day table leaders to be continuous and became also German master.
• As only association it created the 1. Fiber plastic Kaiserslautern with the coach Otto deer hail, as Aufsteiger of German masters to become (1998).
• Tasmania 1900 Berlin is considered asworst association of league history and holds altogether 13 negative records.
• Prussia Münster with 30 plays denied the few federal league plays. Prussia Münster was 1963 initial member, descended however already after one year and never returned. In the season there was 1963/64only 16 federal lyingists and therefore also only 30 plays. All other associations, which were only one season in the federal league, denied 34 plays.
• The longest torlose series put to the 1. Fiber plastic Cologne . In the season 2001/02 the association remained1034 minutes in consequence without gate.
• With that 1. Fiber plastic Nuremberg rose to the only mark the acting German master off (1969).
• The play with the highest spectator number was the meeting Hertha BSC Berlin - 1. Fiber plastic Cologneto 26. September 1969 with 88.075 spectators. The play ended to 1:0.
• The record minus window blind originates from the season 1965/66: to 15. January 1966 only 827 spectators the portion of Tasmania Berlin saw - to Borussia Moenchengladbach.
• The highest spectator cut inone season reached Borussia Dortmund 2004/05 also over 77.000 spectators per play.
• The highest number of gates per play is 12 - this was obtained four times. However three times Borussia Dortmund was involved: The BVB lost 1971/72 in the season also1:11 with the fiber plastic Bavaria Munich and in the season 1977/78 with 0:12 with Borussia Moenchengladbach. Against Arminia Bielefeld won the BVB in the season 1981/82 with 11:1. In the season the 1 defeated 1976/77. Fiber plastic Cologne in addition tennis BorussiaBerlin with 8:4.
• The highest number of gates, with which a crew still lost, is 5! A 5:6 gave it so far three times.
• The 7. Ascent 2003/04 makes Arminia Bielefeld the record on riser of the federal league.
• The crew with the longest federal league Abstinenz is Alemannia Aachen. After the descent 1970 it lasted until 2006, until Aachen ascended again - thus 36 years.
• Five associations created it, from the upper and/or. Regional league in second federal league and one year later immediately into the federal leagueto ascend. This were 1860 Munich (season 1992/93 and 1993/94), Fortuna Duesseldorf (1993/94 and 1994/95), the DSC Arminia Bielefeld (1994/95 and 1995/96), the 1. Fiber plastic Nuremberg (1996/97 and 1997/98) and the SSV Ulm (1997/98 and 1998/99). Fortuna Duesseldorf and the SSVUlm descended however - came just as fast as it into the federal league - again in the amateur camp.
• The SSV Ulm 1846 is the crew with most place references in a play. With 1:2 - defeat with Hansa Rostock in thatSeason 1999/2000 altogether four Ulmer of the field were referred (two players with red, two with yellow-red).

player and coach

• most gates in a federal league play shot Dieter Mueller. To 17. It obtained August 1977 for that 1. Fiber plastic Cologne of 6 gates with 7:2 against Bremen.
• Nevertheless shot six self-gates Manfred Kaltz of Hamburg sports association, which leads thereby in this statistics. It met however also 76 times the correct gate. Five players shot so far two self-gatesin a play, Nikolce Noveski of the FSV Mainz 05 , which met doubly within three minutes in the wrong gate, was fastest. (to 19. November 2005 against unity Frankfurt; Final conditions 2:2, Noveski made thereby even still 1:2 connection hit).
• The oldest player, who stood in the history of the federal league ever on the place, was Klaus Fichtel with the fiber plastic Schalke 04 (43 years, 184 days old).
• Youngest federal league player was so far Nuri Sahin (Borussia Dortmund) with 16 yearsand 335 days (6. August 2005), since that the 26. November 2005 with 17 years and 81 days at the same time also youngest goal scorer is (gate to 2:0 against the 1. Fiber plastic Nuremberg in Nuremberg, Endstand 2:1).
• Most federal league playswithout interruption Sepp Maier denied - altogether 442 plays between 1966 and 1979.
• Most place references received so far Jens Nowotny with 8 place references, Torsten cracks, Sergej Barbarez and Stefan the EFF mountain follows with in each case 7 place references.
• Most eleven-meters transformed Manfred Kaltz (53 with 7 assigned strafstössen).
• Gerd Mueller ( 12 assigned with altogether 63 strafstössen) fired most eleven-meters.
• The eleven-meter specialist Jörg Butt obtained most gates by a Torwart (until including season 2004/05 there was 25 gates). Those so faronly gates by goal keepers, who were not shot by a strafstoss, obtained Jens Lehmann and franc rust (ever a hit).
• The goal keeper with most Gegentoren was so far Eike Immel (829 Gegentore in 534 plays).
• The goal keeper with most Zero - Plays is olive punt with 176 zero-plays with 491 employments (ratio: 35.8%), followed of more olive strain with 173 zero-plays with 471 plays altogether (ratio: 36,7 %).
• The goal keeper with most zero - plays in consequence is Timo Hildebrand. It kept its gate clean in the play times 2002/03 and 2003/04 884 minutes in consequence.
• Record masters as players are Mehmet Scholl, Lothar matte house, Klaus Augenthaler, and Alexander Zickler with German championships sieved in each case.
• Thosefirst four foreign player in the federal league were Heinz Versteeg (avoid Eric ago sports association/the Netherlands), Petar Radenkovic (TSV 1860 Munich/Yugoslavia), Jacobus Prins (1.FC Kaiserslautern/the Netherlands) and William stroke RTS (unity Frankfurt/Austria). They all were at the 24.August 1963, the first play day of the federal league in the use. The foreigner ratio on this play day amounted to thus 2.27% (nowadays often > 50%).
• Record master as coaches is Udo Lattek with eight German championships. Place 2belegtOttmar Hitzfeld mit sechs Meisterschaften, gefolgt von Hennes Weisweiler mit vier Titeln.
• Most plays as coaches Otto deer hail sat on the coach bank: 820 plays, followed of Erich Ribbeck with 569 plays.
• Youngest coach was Matthias Sammer tooBeginning of the season 2000/01 with Borussia Dortmund. It was at this time only 32 years old. Already after its second season it became with the BVB of German masters and is thus an also youngest master coach.
• Most premature coach dismissals unity afforded Frankfurt (20 times), at the same time the association with most coaches (31).
• The first gate of the federal league obtained Timo Konietzka on the first play day already after 57 seconds.

see also

• associations of the soccer federal league
• of German football masters
• eternal table
• football
• 2. Federal league (football)
• overview football league system
• conference of pool of broadcasting corporations federal league
• thosehighest soccer game classes in Europe

Web on the left of

• German football federation (DFB)
• federal league archives
• official federal league side
• federal league on kicker.de
• worth knowing approximately around the federal league
• all results since establishment of the federal league
• the soccer federal league 1964 - 1970