God

Under God one either generally understands (usually) a unsterbliches, supernatural and with larger Power equipped nature (in Polytheismus), or in a special only one highest personales Nature (in Monotheismus), that as the infinite reason of all Seins is understood at the same time. There are no generally recognized Proof for the existence of such a nature.

Less personalisiert he can be understood as the existence more over-individually Connections (see Gregory Bateson, Ecology of the spirit).

Those polytheistische Conception of Gods manifested itself u.A. into that Mythologies that Antique one and coins/shapes until today shame anise tables or Indigene religions in Africa and Asia, about that Japanese Shintoismus. It gives however with that Buddhismus, Jainismus and partly also Taoismus religious traditions, do not refer to a God or divinities. That Monotheismus, itself first in the teachings Zarathustras, in Aton-Cult (religion) of the Echnaton and in Judentum trained, becomes particularly from the relatively recent religions how Christianity and Islam represented.

Different forms of monotheistischer God conceptions are:

  • that Theismus, the faith in a personal God, that the world create has, it receives and steers;
  • that Deismus, after the God creator of the world is, but since that Creation no more into the happening of the world intervenes itself and no longer revealed;
  • that Pantheismus, its trailers God as the not transcendental epitome all universal Seins and all working forces define;
  • that Theokratismus, the faith, that God ruler is however not creator of the universe.

A displacement found historical of the in many culture areas Polytheismus by that Monotheismus instead of. In Evening country took place in the course that Clearing-up a large Secularization, one Separation from state and church. Since that time religion and God faith in higher measure than private thing are seen. In 19. Century formulated Ludwig fire brook in reversal of the Biblical Creation report the thesis, humans created God according to his picture. Friedrich Nietz finally each God conception leaned off with the utterance "God is dead" (from "the merry science").

Table of contents

Atheisti view

Atheisten reject the faith in Gods or the like or represent the view, that God-like natures do not exist and/or. not to at all exist can. This is justified usually with scientific or logical Arguments (see also Theodizee). Agnostiker on the other hand exclude the existence of higher natures not in principle; they consider it either for unknown or unrecognizable.

Conceptions in the Jew and Christianity

The Hebrew word "El", that probably "powerful" or "strong ones" means, becomes in that Bible in the Pluralform "Elohim"regarding that Creator the universe, in the Singular also on other God natures and even on humans uses. Often the term for a "highest feature" is used. This inclusive general term for something Goettliches of the exclusive becomes Name the only God Jahwe, with its rescue act on Israel is inseparably connected (ex 3.14), differentiated.

"Theos", the Greek word for God, come of probably the verb "theo", platzieren. "Theos" is therefore literally a Platzierer, a Unterordner. In New will it comes therefore on that Context on, in order to recognize, who is meant with it. Jesus as rulers on the throne is called God (lift 1:8) and Paulus (Ap. 28,6), as by it a miracle was worked. Also the own body can be a God (Phil. 3,19). Jesus becomes "only-witnessed God" (Joh. 1,18) called. Its father is however the God of all (Eph. 4,6, 1. Kor. 8,4).

The Jewish and Christian God become (like also the God of the Islam and that Baha'i) the attributes Omnipotence (Omnipotenz), Knowledge (all knowledgeness), Quality, Love, Eternity, Unchangeableness and Infinity attributed. See also: Monotheismus

The Jewish and Christian God carries the names Jahwe (falsely often Jehova), - old Jewish practice following - also in modern Bibles by the title "GENTLEMAN" is replaced often. In addition some further names and name additives for Jahwe are used, among them Zebaot (also "Sabaoth", German: "master of the army crowds").

Jesus Christ in the new will "son of God" one calls. Those Gospels report, that it stressed this title also for itself. The Christian Reflection led to the theory of that Three-agreement God: The God is community of father, Son and holy spirit; the son divided people fate up to death at the cross (People becoming of God) and everything takes, by its death and the reon purchasing under the power of death stand and it trust, into the community with that dreifaltigen God up.

Critical view of the Jewish, Christian and Islamic God

As long as there is religion, there are critical expressions to it. Different philosophies and kinds of faith, itself with the criticism at the respective God picture argue, become under the term Religion criticism treated.

In the light that Clearing-up the "nature of God" shows itself also as the faith movement, it in each case admires. It is to that extent the manifestation of the transcendental (over the perception of the particular and the present one handing out) nature of the "cultural measures" and their joint sense structure (compares: Law; Conception of the world; Custom; Group feeling order; often connected with the requirement on universality and absolutely Truth).

From the view of some religion scientists and Atheisten the behavior Jahwehs partly stands contrary to its characteristics: That Old will reported of situations, in those God brother and child murder arranged and in wars even genocide, there the peoples okkulte Practices exercised "the GENTLEMAN abhorred" (5. Mose 18, 12)

In that Religion science becomes that JahweFaith sometimes attributed to external sources: roots to be called u. A. Babylon (Inanna; today's Iraq, the homeland Abrahams), Egypt (the homeland of the Mose), Persia (more strongly Dualism God - Devil, Ahura Masda - Ahriman), phoenizisch (El, Baal (hebr. ba-aluminium zevuv "Master of the flies"), and finally Kanaan (fertility divinities Aschera/Astarte/Astaroth and Dagon, as well as Moloch/Melech hebr. "gentleman", the child victims demands). Conservative theologians deny such a dependence. Old person the will testifies a critical argument along and a joggle of these divinities, thus to sacrifice the Israeliten in the Bible expressly warned by God of it the Goetzen Moloch their children, because "the GENTLEMAN abhors your God".

For glaeubige Monotheisten the essential question arises, why more all-powerfully, good God Suffer and Misfortune in the world does not prevent. This TheodizeeProblem busily since centuries the theologians and is considered to that as an argument Atheisten, Pantheisten and Deisten. (see Leibniz)

As also against other religious Phenomena or generally the faith in uebersinnliche natures or conditions, also to the monotheistischen God faith by Atheisten one objects religion-critically, it concerns bare Projection.

Linguistic meaning

The word trunk of God is very old and exclusive in Germanic Developed for area. Designations are medium high-German, old-high-German Got, gothical Guth, English God, Swedish Gud. All designations go on that Germanic * guda (call) God back, which had originally neutral sex, because it male and female Divinities summarized.

After that Christianisierung the word was reinterpreted and used within the entire Germanic language range as designation usually as male felt Christian God. Since then it is only under The God admits and became to the origin after God are called.

The origin of the Germanic word is not completely clarified until today. One assumes that, that the term from the substantivierten second participle of the indogermanischen * ghuto m of the verbal root * ghau (= [ an]rufen) developed. After this thesis would be God [ by magic word ] called natures. Further it knows gheu on the indogermanische root * (= pour) to be back led, whereafter God as that, [ with ] the drink victim one sacrifices to understand would be.

Vgl. German dictionary of Jakob Grimm, see HTTP:www.dwb.university more trier.de/index.HTML


- word origin, Synonymous one and translations

Word use generally linguistic usage

The word God finds in the German linguistic usage also outside of the religion use, usually in formulas, in former times once the religious meaning had, today however without religious Beiklang to be used, z. B. in calls like "Oh God!“, "God is thanks!“, "over God will!"or Greeting formulas as "Greet God!“.

In Netherlands one and Bairi it finds also to use in Insult words.

Quotations


- quotations
  • "you have us to your property to create and restless are our heart, to it rests in you." (Augustinus of Hippo)
  • "that you hang your heart, that is your God." (Martin Luther)
  • "few humans suspect, which would make God from them, if they handed themselves over to the guidance of the grace supportless." (Ignatius of Loyola)
  • "the actual God, that the Christianity anbetet, it is daselbst." (Ludwig fire brook)
  • "God is dead, but like that as the kind of humans is, it will give perhaps still thousands of years long to caves, in which one shows its shade, and we, we must defeat also still its shade." (Friedrich Nietz)
  • "the more we love each other, the more near we are God." (Abdul Baha)
  • "I by the way believe, that the entire universe with all our memories, Theories and religions 20 minutes ago ago of the God Quitzlipochtli to create became. Who can prove the opposite to me?" (Bertrand Russell)
  • "there is nothing, which could support the conception of a personal God. I am Atheist. There were large evolution biologists, in God believed. But I never understood, like one in the brain two completely separated fan to have can, and in one the science lies and in the other one the religion." (Ernst Mayr)
  • "Oh, my God!" (Colloquial language)
  • "God does not wuerfelt!" (Albert Einstein)

Literature

  • Those Bible
  • That Koran
  • Markus Witte (Hrsg.): "God and the world of the religions". 1. Aufl. Religion & culture publishing house, Peppering castle 2003 ISBN 3933891140
  • Campbell Joseph: "the masks of God, 4 Bde. - newer realizations from archaeology, Ethnologie and anthropology " ISBN 3-423-59034-3
  • Jack Miles: "God, a biography " [ over the God of the old person of will ]. Old persons the will as a literature creation of mankind; a God, with a large convertableness into action goes. ISBN 3423307110
  • Wolfgang Cramer: "God proofs and their criticism - examination of their conclusive force", Frankfurt/Main 1967 ISBN 3525774109
  • John A.T. Robinson: "God is different", 1967, B0000BMW32
  • Tilman Moser: "from the God poisoning to a bearable God"
  • Bandini: "Who's who in the sky" (the God world of A-Z) ISBN 3-423-32539-9
  • Pascal Boyer: "and humans created God", 2004, ISBN 3608940324
  • Pure hard Schmidt: The God of the love is for wrong, Pain and death not responsible. Texts and poems in the area of conflict between natural evolution and Christian faith. Helmbrechts 2004 ISBN 3-8311-0704-1
  • Bô Yin Râ: "the book of the alive God", ISBN 3-85767-073-8
  • Friedrich Nietz: "the anti-Christian"

See also

Web on the left of

- pictures, Video or audio files

Versus God faith:

 

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