Guben

coat of arms	map
base data
Land of the Federal Republic:	Brandenburg
district:	Spree Neisse
geographical situation:	Coordinates: 51° 57 ′ N, 14° 43 ′ O 51° 57 ′ N, 14° 43 ′ O
height:	41-48 m and. NN
surface:	43.75 km ²
inhabitants:	21.010 (31. March 2006)
Population density:	480Inhabitant /km ²
postal zip code:	03172
telephone preselection:	03561
Kfz characteristics:	SPN
municipality key:	12 0 71 160
city arrangement:	3 quarters and 5 local parts
address of the city administration:	Uferstrasse 22 - 26 03172 Guben
Website:	www.guben.de
mayor:	Klaus Dieter Hübner (FDP)

Guben is a city in the district Spree Neisse in the country Brandenburg. In the Potsdamer agreement at the end of the Second World War in the year 1945 was specified the German east border on or and to Lausitzer Neisse (or Neisse border). Thus the larger part of the city, their historical center, became abgespalten and to the Polish City Gubin.

Table of contents 1 Geografie 1,1 geographical situation of 1,2 city arrangement 2 history 2,1 inhabitant development 3 culture and objects of interest 3,1 museums 3,2 churches 4 economics and infrastructure 4,1 traffic 5 personalities of 5,1 sons and daughters of the city 6 literature 7 Web on the left of

Geografie

geographical situation

of Guben is today because of the western bank of the Neisse in the Niederlausitz in the southeast of the country Brandenburg. The city is because of a narrow place of the flood-endangered Neissetales, where the high surfaces in the east and the west only approx. 1 km from each other removesare, and like that in the establishment time for car traffic was favorable.

The high surfaces developed as Grundmoränen the Weichsel ice age, on which in the west (Kaltenborner of mountains) and the east (Gubener of mountains) Endmoränen are put on. The further environment is covered with expanded Kiefern forests, the numerous seas (e.g.the Pinnower lake) contain.

city arrangement

the city is divided into (the unofficial quarters):

• Old part of town (developed from the earlier monastery suburb, which had developed to the industrial suburb of the old Guben)
• Sprucke (original Vorwerk Altsprucke, in addition starting from 1920 Neusprucke and starting from 1963 Obersprucke)
• Realm brook

and the official local parts (with local mayor)

• Bresinchen
• Deulowitz
• largely Breesen (with Green forest)
• cold fount
• impact village

history

Guben developed around 1200 as handels and craftsman settlement and Mark place at the crossing of the freeways from Leipzig to floats and of Görlitz after Frankfurt (or). The settlement on the east bank of the Neisse was protected by the Neissenebenfluss Lubst in the north and the east as well as sumps in the south. At the 1. June 1235 received it as oppidum by the Wettiner Heinrich to the Erlauchten, Mark count von Meissen, the municipal law.At the opposite western river bank 12 became in the second half. Century a Benediktiner - nun monastery based, with which the monastery suburb developed. In the year 1312 the Stadtwappen with its three towers appears for the first time on a document.

Guben belonged until 1815 continuously to the Markgrafentum Niederlausitz. Between 1367 and 1635 the Markgraftum including the city the Kingdom of Böhmen was inkorporiert. The attachment plants with the three town-gates became in 14. Century first from an earth barrier, a ditch and wood skin substantial establishes. In the years from 1523 to 1544 “golden Penise” is renewedand strengthened.1561 were begun with the salt simmering in the city. 1635 become the cure prince of Saxonia, Johann George I., in the Prager peace of the German emperor with the Markgraftum Niederlausitz including the city Guben belehnt.

From the Tuchmacherei relating to crafts in 16. Centurydeveloped in 19. Century strong cloth production, to which since 1849 the production of leather gloves came. 1822 began the hat production, which covered finally 65 per cent of the German need. Later followed mechanical engineering, the carpet and shoe production. In Guben that appeared in the Biedermeier period MUSE yearbook Helena. one began 1847 with the brown coal promotion at the eastern outskirts of a town.

Guben received to 1846 a railway connection to Frankfurt at the or and Breslau, 1871 after Cottbus and Crossen, 1904 after forest. Between that 24. February 1904 and that 8. June 1938 operated a streetcar in the city.

1815 were dissolved the Markgraftum Niederlausitz and Guben district town in the Prussian province Brandenburg. At the 1. April 1884 separated the municipality Guben from the circle Guben and formed from now on its own urban area. At the 1. December 1928 becamethe property district mosquito mountain from the district Guben into the municipality Guben integrated. In June 1950 the city was assigned to the district Cottbus. With the administrative reform of 23. July 1952 developed the 1950 dissolved circle Guben again. With the law for circle reorganisation in the country Brandenburg,to 6. December 1993 into force stepped, the circle was again dissolved. Guben became a city in the again created district Spree Neisse.

From 1961 to 1990 the city carried - city Guben " for the official place names “William Pieck in memories at the first and only presidentsthe GDR, which 1876 in Guben (in the part of the today's Gubin) were born and 1960 deceased.

Since 1945 into the Polish Gubin and the German Guben on both sides the Neisse divided, experienced the former suburb as independent city Guben a strong enlargement, particularly by thatStructure of the chemical fibre work since 1964 and new populated areas. In the subsequent years of the German reunification in the year 1990 Guben lost substantially at resource and inhabitants. Today the city tries increased to co-operate with the Polish neighbour and twin city Gubin. Among the largest employers in Guben those rank Trevira GmbH, the baker's shop large-scale enterprise baker thirty, the sugar cotton wool manufacturer Cotton Candy and the 1902 created glass and light metal construction GmbH Joachim Dulitz .

In Guben is a district court.

In the time before the Second World War was Guben admits by its textile industry “Gubener hats- world well-known by their quality ". The Gubener manufacturer Wilke is considered as an inventor of the pressed Filzhutes.

In the recent time Guben won by an event in February 1999 inadvertently at admittingness. Alkoholisierte young people from the right-wing extremist scene rushed the Algerian asylum-seeker Omar Ben Noui by thoseCity center, after a desperate jump by a windowpane died this a little later at its injuries.

inhabitant development

it follows an overview with the numbers of inhabitants after the respective area conditions. Until 1844 it concerns usually around estimations, afterwards census results (¹) or official updatingthe respective statistic offices and/or the city administration.

Year inhabitant 1600 4,000 1800 5,200 1844 10,031 1. December 1875 ¹ 23,704 1. December 1880 ¹ 25,840 1. December 1885 ¹ 27,091 1. December 1890 ¹ 29,328 1. December 1900 ¹ 33,122 1. December 1905 ¹ 36.666 1. December 1910 ¹ 38,593 16. June 1925 ¹ 40,602

year inhabitant 16. June 1933 ¹ 43,934 17. May 1939 ¹ 45,934 29. October 1946 ¹ 25,297 31. August 1950 ¹ 25,929 31. December 1964 ¹ 25,492 1. January 1971 ¹ 29,607 31. December 1981 ¹ 36,708 31. December 1990 30,791 31. December 2000 25,245 31. December 2004 21,568 31. March 2006 21,010

¹ census result

culture and objects of interest

museums

• technical museum of the hat industry
• museum “Sprucker mill”

churches

• catholic church
• Evangelist church
• independent one Evangelical-Lutheran church

economics and infrastructure

traffic

• railway connection to Berlin, Frankfurt (or), Cottbus, Leipzig and potsdam
• motorway connection over the A15 after Cottbus and forest as well as the A12 with Frankfurt (or)
• border crossing in the city after Gubin (Poland) forPedestrian and passenger car as well as transit transition in the south of the city (OT impact village)
• next airfield with Drewitz of approximately 25 kilometers of Guben with landing possibilities for private and business flights

personalities

of sons and daughters of the city

• 14. Century, Johann of Guben, city clerk of Zittau and first chronicler of the Oberlausitz.
• 1598, Johann Crüger († 1662), church song composer, Kantor in Berlin (pc. Nicolai)
• 1618, Johann Franck († 1677), mayor von Guben, Kirchenliederdichter
• 1639, Gottfried Kirch († 1710), astronomer and others in Leipzig and Berlin
• 1751, Corona Schröter(† 1802), actress in the surrounding field of Goethe
• 1856, Alexander Tschirch († 1939), Pharmakologe in Berne, Switzerland
• 1876, William Pieck († 1960), German politician (KPD, SED), MdR, president of the GDR
• 1896, Hans's peace († 1978), German politician (GB/BHE), MdL (Schleswig-Holstein)
• 1903, Klaus gentleman man († 1972), German writer, Secretary-General of the German Schillerstiftung (starting from 1959)
• 1939, Barbara Dittus († 2001), German actress
• 1956, Lothar Thoms, German course wheel sportsman (1000 m-Zeitfahren), olympia winners 1980, 4facher world champion 1977-1981
• 1974, Danilo Honshu, German wheel running driver, German master 2002

literature

• “neighbour from once - pictures and documents of Jewish life in Guben”; ISBN 3-935881-02-9
• “Guben, bead of the Lausitz - moving leaders by Guben and environment”, Reprint of 1914; ISBN 3-935881-01-0
• “Gubener of texts - memories ona past city ", ISBN 3-935881-26-6
• “poet-rise - Gubener of verses and poems”, ISBN 3-935881-18-5
• “traffic plan of the city Guben 1927”, Reprint ISBN 3-935881-22-3
• “100 years Pestalozzischule Guben 1902-2002”, ISBN 3-935881-30-4
• “the circle Guben in the year 1927” Reprint of the Silva map, ISBN 3-935881-14-2
• “Guben easily to know learn” a Quizwith 100 questions and answers, ISBN of 3-935881-29-0

Web on the left of

• to Guben in the open directory cities
• and municipalities further Web on the left of official side