University
university is a comprehensive name for an educational facility of the tertiary education range. To it belong universities, comprehensive universities, academies of art, technical universities, educational universities, medical universities and professional schools. A special form of the university education marks a correspondence university. To it against it vocational academies ( BA) do not belong and similarly structured mechanisms, whose conclusions are not academic degrees.
overview
in the closer sense designates a university a mechanism, which operates research and so that creates new knowledge, scientific teachings (Study and scientific further training) mediate and academic degrees as study conclusions lend.
Beside the national universities there are also non-governmental universities. The non-governmental universities become mostly of churches, municipalities, in addition, of donations and in more recent time also by private businesscarried.
Universities were integrated in the course of the time also in universities or specialized and renamed to have. An example for this are technical universities, which renamed themselves - to stress around their of equal standingness - into technical university (e.g. those DO Berlin 1946 or DO Munich, exception: RWTH Aachen). The legal position of the universities is regulated in most states by a special Act concerning universities; in Germany the university system is land thing (s.auch university framework law).
A university exists insubstantial from faculties (departments, at their point a Dekan (university), and/or. a Dekanin stands), for the university line from Rektorat /presidency, chancellor; the centers university administration, academic senate … as well as centers service facilities of the university (university library, computing centre, center University advisory service, Career service, academic international exchange…).
The studying written at a university form those for studying shank. Beyond that there are student autonomies and protections of interests ( S. at the universities. wrote studying shank).
For the enterprise of refectories and hostels,for the administration (S.Student financial assistance scheme) and for further offers in the surrounding field of a university mostly the student councils are responsible.
People's highschools so mentioned are however no universities and offer also no academic conclusions.
A characteristic in Germany is those Educational university (pH) with the predecessor educational academy (Pa). The pH into the 1960er years in most countries of the German Federal Republic into the universities were integrated, in order to standardize the teacher formation scientifically. Today only the educational universities exist in Baden-Wuerttemberg(in Freiburg in mash gau, Heidelberg, Karlsruhe, Ludwigsburg, Swabian Gmünd and wine garden). The PHs Baden-Wuerttemberg received only end of the 1990er years the Habilitationsrecht. This right was so far on at the pH taught field of activity, thusTeacher training for reason, main, material and special schools and general Pädagogik, limit. Only the new national Act concerning universities Baden-Wuerttemberg of 2005 brought here the unrestricted Habilitationsrecht to the educational universities.
To a prognosis of the conference of Secretary of cultural affairs from the year 2005 comes on the universities intoGermany in the next years an avalanche of new first-year university students too; therefore is the number of the studying from present (conditions: 2005) increase approximately 1.9 million on 2,2 to 2.4 million students in the year 2011. For the accomplishment of this education attack the universities would havewith additional permanent posts for professors to be equipped. At universities of the German Federal Republic at present only one professor cares for about 62 students in the fan average. In the comparison to it the US-American institutions for elite stand such as Harvard or Stanford with a care relationship of 1:10 or better substantially more favorably. Since 1995 is the number of the permanent posts at universities of the German Federal Republic (here: University professors) gradually by 25.000 to 23.000 lowered.
lists of universities
- universities and universities in Germany
- universities and universities in Africa
- universities and universities inAustralia
- universities and universities in the Netherlands
- Austrian universities and professional schools
- Swiss Universities of and professional schools
- universities in the Principality of Liechtenstein
- Italian universities and universities
- Japanese universities, universities and professional schools
- British universities, universities and professional schools
- universities and universities in California
- Spanish universities
- Universities and universities in Tschechien
- Universities of and universities in the Ukraine
- universities and universities in France
- universities and universities in Turkey
see also
| Wiktionary: University - word origin, synonyms and translations |
