Hysteria
the name hysteria (of Greek hystera: Gebärmutter) describes neuro tables a disturbance. The designation “hysteria” became outdated as technical term and became in the meantime by the designation Histrioni personality disturbance (HPS) (of lat. histrio: Actor) replaces.
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symptoms
traditional the hysteria either by a various physical complaint picture without organic basis one characterizes, to z. B. Going disturbance, movement storm, paralyses, feeling disturbance, loss of the sensory organs such as blindness, deafness,… or that names the term hysterischen personality, designated by the important German Psychoanalytiker Fritz Riemann (see there), one of four Grundtypen of the personality.
In former times by hysteria one was understood excluding female psychological disturbance, which is relevant in more concretized form this very day in the medicament pictures of the Homöopathie, particularlythe treatment of women, exhibit the certain personality characteristics (ichbezogen, validity-needily, criticism-addicted, unreflected etc.).
Still until 1952 this term was not painted as comprehensive term for a multiplicity clearly more outlined and excluding female complaints used to it of „the American Psychiatric Society “from the list of the diseasesbecame. The term „hysteria “was replaced by the less misleading designation „Histrioni personality disturbance (HPS) “and is defined by a personality picture, which can occur with both sexes and to that for instance a increased tendency to Dramatisierungen, a decreased ability, between own interpretation and the reality toodifferentiate, a pronounced Suggestibilität, a increased validity behavior as well as the inclination belonged to unreflected opinions.
history of the disease picture
the hysteria is considered as the oldest of all observed psychological disturbances. Usual treatment medical treatment excluding female illness was alleged starting from 15. Jh. to inside in 19. Jh. the release of a hysterischen crisis, at that time officially unknown female Orgasmus, see. Orgasmus: Chapter „role plates “. In England became in the middle 19. Jh. operational measures applied: the Klitoris was removed for the women, see. Mutilating female genital organs. In the second half of the19. Jh. also the distance of the Gebärmutter was usually, medically as Hysterektomie translated. (Hyst Greek for Gebärmutter and - tomie cut).
Paul Julius Möbius defined (1888) the hysteria provisionally as everything those diseased features, which are caused by conceptions. This corresponded to the general definitionthe hysteria 1895 ago and seized practically a majority of all psychological illnesses. The disease picture was thus very much unspezifiziert and extensive. Superordinate characteristic of the hysteria was at that time already the absence of somatic causes, which is the basis today for all psychogenen diseases. Due to the size of its allocation it becamein 19. and in 20 beginning. Century particularly frequently diagnoses.
Characteristically also victory mouth Freuds way to the psychoanalysis led across the hysteria, whereby Freud appointed itself to the hysteria specialist Jean Martin Charcot (1825-1893) and with Josef Breuer its hysteria studies gave out later, 1895 for the first time published, closed editedwith the edition of 1922. These studies are generally considered as first works of the psychoanalysis. The term „hysteria “was however redefined by Freud, whereby it introduced among other things the term conversion neurosis, because here in its opinion psychological suffering into physical converted. However has itselfnot to intersperse knows this renaming, particularly since it was recognized later that almost any psychological suffering causes physical symptoms, which do not have to exhibit by any means „hysterische “characteristics. As typical Prädiktoren for the hysterische development Freud saw mentally efficient young humans, those growing up in suggestion and to education-poor family climate andthe one slope to the day fantasy (Breuer) exhibit.
Likewise on the two scientists the introduction of ätiogenetischer criteria decreases/goes back regarding a illness-typical psychological procedure. To uncover Freud saw it as the actual problem, because he was with those information, which the Hysteriker gives generously not to recognize.It appeared, as if the patient would want to hide straight this procedure. Late discovery of unconscious conception contents made by Freud were suitable for the development of a ätiogenetischen explanation as well as for the development of the psychoanalysis than form of the client-centered therapy without application of the Hypnose.
Today's knowledge conditions
today are considered the hysterische alias histrionische reaction particularly as a form of the psychological conflict resolution, which must not have necessarily negative consequences for the concerning. As important the modern therapeutic research recognized the public referringness of histrionischer behaviors: most symptoms of the Histrioni personality disturbanceunfold only with presence one (or several) opposite. Every now and then for this reason in non-scientific connections pretty often simulators, Phantasten are called and to exaltiertem occurrence bending humans overall “hysterisch”.
The term „hysteria “appears also problematic, because a pejorative meaning adheres to it. Thathangs together with before-bleached the sex-specific connection, which decreases/goes back to the antique description of the hysteria in old-Egyptian papyri as with Platon and Hippokrates, which saw the cause of the illness in the Gebärmutter. Conceptionally one assumed the Gebärmutter, so her not regularly alsoSeed (sperm) is fed , in the body searching around-curves itself and then at the brain festbeisse, which leads then to the typical “hysterischen” behavior. See also insanity: Physical causes.
That for the first time the English physician Thomas Sydenham (1624-1689), also Charcot and Freud contradicted referred to on the fact thatHysteria excluding a woman illness is not.
