Illyri wars
the illyrischen wars were two military arguments of the Roman republic with different illyrischen trunks and their kings. They occurred in the last third of the 3. Century v. Chr. and mark the beginning of the Roman expansion east of Italy.
4 Web on the left of [work on
] the first Illyri war the first illyrischen war. Chr. against Teuta, the queen of the Labeaten. The military enterprise against the illyrische queen was not planned, on the contrary it came to the intervention of the Romans to the eastern Adriaküste, because the illyrische Piraterie damaged Roman commercial interests and Issa the senate had already asked the Greek colony allied with Rome 230 for assistance against illyrische encroachments. Except Issa also the Greek colonies Apollonia and Epidamnos were with the Romans allied
with plundering courses in the sea-area between Butrint and Korfu Teutas Piraten Roman buyers had damaged and thus the intervention of the senate had provoked. The senate sent 229 two envoys to Teuta after Shkodra, in order to demand compensation for the damaged buyers and the attitude of the Kaperaktivitäten. The queen refused and one of the envoys threatened it therefore with the military intervention of the Romans, whereupon Teuta let it kill.
The war was not to be avoided now no more. A Roman army was sent immediately after Illyrien. It stood under the command of the two consuls Cn. Fulvius and A. Postumius. The Roman fleet consisting of 200 ships drove first to Korfu, which was combatless handed over to a commander of fleet of the Teuta by Demetrius. It changed on the Roman side and was allowed to administer the island now in the name of the new gentlemen.
The Romans landed then with Apollonia and advanced northward. Before Shkodra the queen was finally defeated. It had itself 228 v. Chr. hard peace conditions to dictate leave. You remained only the rule over Shkodra and it had tribute to the Romans to pay. From now on finally never more than two illyrische ships were allowed into the sea-area south of Lissos sails. The kingdom of the Labeaten was eliminated, restored, the illyrische sea power broken the liberty of the Greek colonies and the area of the Labeaten in today's Albania stood now under indirect control of Rome.
As new size in the regional interplay of forces Demetrius of Pharos into the play had come, because the Romans had left the rule over Korfu to him. Demetrius, which was before already gentleman of the island Pharos at the dalmatinischen coast, could acquire itself also further places from the estate of the Labeatenreiches. Thus Demetrios, that got sufficient resources from of the type, a military adventurer and a political Hasardeur, in order to accomplish further war courses.
the second Illyri war
the intervention of the Romans had been able to calm the situation down to the eastern Adriaküste only for some years. After 228 v. Chr. the Romans had not remembered to settle durably in Illyrien. The peace order improvised by them after the first illyrischen war proved as unstable. With the stabilization of the Demetrius of Pharos the senate had created a factor of uncertainty. The new strong man at the illyrischen coast turned away soon from Rome and allied themselves with the Macedonian king Antigonos III. Doson against the Spartaner. As Demetrius together-did 219 with the illyrischen prince Scerdilaidas and to raids to the Küster of the Peloponnes and into the Ägäis it led a illyrische fleet it hurt the peace treaty from the year 228, whereby a reaction of Rome was provoked.
Directly before outbreak of the second illyrischen war the political and military situation for the Romans was many more complicated than ten years before. On the one hand the second Puni war begins , on the other hand Macedonia by the alliance with Demetrius had clearly shown at the same time that it regarded Illyrien and Epirus as part of its interest sphere.
Nevertheless the senate decided to punish the break of the peace yield and sent in the spring 219 v. Chr. an army under consul Lucius Aemilius Paullus against Demetrius and its illyrische clientele. The Romans could succeed on the mainland in shortest period and Demetrius withdrew themselves after Pharos. But also there it could not hold itself. It fled to the Macedonian yard, where after the death of the Antigonos (220) the young Philipp V. governed, whose became closest trusted friends Demetrius.
The Romans were now the gentlemen of the entire eastern Adriaküste from Histria to Aulona. As protectorate these areas became part of the Imperiums, whereby the Greek cities autonomy enjoyed in particular those, which were allied with Rome already longer. In the interior Roman power was not enough however.
With luck Rome had been able to terminate the second Illyri war in shortest period, above all because the Makededonier could not intervene because of the throne change taken place a short while before in the happening. The Romans had however not achieved a durable peace. Rather with Macedonia a far stronger opponent had arisen for them. Demetrius, the advisor Philipps V., could induce the king to an alliance with Karthago and 215 v. Chr. broke out the first Macedonian-Roman war .
literature
- Polybios, histories: 2,9-2,12; 3,16; 3,18-3,19 (on English here)
- Maria ennoble Cavallaro: There Teuta A epulo. Interpretazione depression guerre illyriche e histriche tra 229 e 177 a.C.. Bonn 2004. ISBN 3-7749-3150-X
- John Wilkes: The Illyrians. Oxford [among other things] 1995. ISBN 0-631-19807-5
