Ionization
ionization is the procedure, with which of an atom or a molecule in or several electrons durch inelastische Elektronenstöße (E > 15 eV) to be removed. An ion develops. The reversal procedure, with which an electron is caught by an atom or a molecule, becomes as Recombination designates.
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] mechanisms of the ionization for ionization: On the one hand the idea of ionizing radiation of the subject electrons can entreissen and ionize it in such a way.In addition, ionization can appear as field ionization in an electrical field. Highly lively atoms can change also by autoionization independently into an ionized condition.
During collisions of “snap” Electrons, thus such with high kinetic energy with an atom or a moleculeit can likewise come to the ionization (electron collision ionization).
This process takes place in gas-discharge lamps and thyratron , whereby the loaded impact partners refer their energy from the electrical field between the electrodes.
ionization energies
all ionization processes it is the basis thatfor the separation of the electron from the atomic nucleus energy to be applied must (ionization energy). In the preceding section possible sources for this energy were called. Ionization energies lie typically in the order of magnitude of several electronvolts (example argon in the initial state: 15,7 eV). Ionization energies are dependentof to ionizing material and its current excitation state. So will it increasingly more difficult to ionize atoms or molecules already ionized further.
with
a significant portion of ionized particles one calls plasma a material , in particular a gas, Plasma. The entire visible subject in the universe is more or less strongly ionized almost.
