Yugoslavia
Yugoslavia (” Südslawien “) was a state in South-east Europe, which existed from 1929 to 2003. While there was a legal continuity between first and the second Yugoslav state, that was 1992 created third Yugoslavia after prevailing legal concept only oneof five succession states of second Yugoslavia (confederation of states Serbia and Montenegro). The former socialist federal Republic of Yugoslavia disintegrated in the following, international-recognized and sovereigns republics: Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegowina, Serbia and Montenegro, Macedonia. InTo case of Serbia and Montenegro (after 1992 as Yugoslavia called themselves and practically as remainder Yugoslavia applies) at present renewed splitting off tendencies prevail. So Montenegro wants to separate after a popular vote in the spring 2006 from the confederation of states Serbia and Montenegro. At present become alsointensive negotiations on international level led across the further position of the formerly autonomous province Kosovo.
| Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes/ Kingdom of Yugoslavia | |||||
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| Federativna Narodna Republika Jugoslavija federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia (1946-1963) СоцијалистичкафедеративнарепубликаЈугославија/ | |||||
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| Wahlspruch | Bratstvo i jedinstvo (fraternity and unit) | ||||
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| office languages | Serbo-Croatian (official a language with several variants), Slovenian, Macedonian, reduced also Albanian and Hungarian as well as on local level the languages of further nationalities | ||||
| capital | Belgrade (Beograd) | ||||
| surface | 255,804 km ² | ||||
| inhabitant | 20.522.972 | ||||
| currency | 1 Yugoslav dinar | ||||
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| СавезнаРепубликаЈугославија Federal Republic of Yugoslavia | |||||
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| office language | Serbian, locally also Albanian | ||||
| capital | Belgrade (Beograd), 1.8 millions Inhabitant | ||||
| surface | approx. 102,000 km ² | ||||
| inhabitants | approx. 11.000.000 | ||||
| national holiday | 29. November | ||||
table of contents |
kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes and/or. Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1918-1941)
- major item: Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovene
the Yugoslav state Serbia and Montenegro (under inclusion of the Macedonian areas acquired by Serbia in the Balkans wars 1912/13) developed and südslawisch settled parts after the First World War from the before independent kingdoms Austria Hungary (hpts. the former crowning country Krain with southern areas of the crowning countries Kärnten and Steiermark, Croatia Slawonien, Dalmatien, Bosnia and the Vojvodina).
Official designation was first kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovene (1918-1920 Kraljevstvo Srba, Hrvata i Slovenaca, since 1920 Kraljevina Srba, Hrvata i Slovenaca, shortened also SHS state). Head of state became the Serbian king Peter I..
From the beginning the political situation of the new state was coined/shaped by itself the zuspitzenden conflict between afterAutonomy striving Croatian forces and the largeSerbian nationalist. The failure of a reconciliation led finally to the state crisis: King Alexander I. the condition set repealed and established the first king dictatorship on the Balkans. In to 3. October 1929 imported conditionthe state in Kingdom of Yugoslavia (Kraljevina Jugoslavija) was renamed. A new administrative arrangement (9 Banovine) was introduced, which gave little consideration to traditional borders.
1941 became the Kingdom of Yugoslavia of Germany and Italy occupy and dissolved: While Serbia remained militarily occupied, Slovenia was divided between Germany and Italy, Croatia (with large parts of Bosnia Herzegovinas) to an illusoryindependent fascist vassal state on behalf of independent State of Croatia, during Montenegro and some further southern areas,to Albania were struck, Italian occupied vassal states became. Arrangement:
- 1918-1921 7 countries (Pokrajine)
- 1921-1929
- 1929-1939 9 Banschaften (Banovine)
- 1939-1941 7 normal Banschaften and the autonomous Banschaft Croatia (Banovina Hrvatska)
Banschaftenand capitals of 1929-1941
the Banschaften of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia:
- Dravska banovina (Banschaft Drau): Ljubljana
- Banovina Hrvatska (Banschaft Croatia): Zagreb (1939 pool of two Banschaften by the Cvetković - Maček contract)
- Vrbaska banovina (Banschaft Vrbas): Banja Luka
- Drinska banovina (Banschaft Drina): Sarajevo
- Zetska banovina (Banschaft Zeta): Cetinje
- Dunavska banovina (Banschaft Danube): Novi Sad
- Moravska banovina (Banschaft Morava): Niš
- Vardarska banovina (Banschaft Vardar): Skopje
FV Yugoslavia and/or. SFR Yugoslavia(1945-1992)
- Major item: Socialist federal Republic of Yugoslavia
after the Second World War became Yugoslavia as socialist Federal State from 6 partial republics (Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegowina, Montenegro, Serbia and Macedonia) based. It was called starting from 1945 officially first democratic federal Yugoslavia (Demokratska Federativna Jugoslavija). To 29. November 1945 became the federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia (FederativnaNarodna Republika Jugoslavija proclaims, to 31. January 1946 one after the model of the USSR arranged condition received. 1963 were renamed the state into socialist federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Socijalistička Federativna Republika Jugoslavija /SFRJ).
1974 became Serbia by a resolutionthe communist government under Tito with proclaiming the autonomous provinces Vojvodina and Kosovo divided into three parts.
In the course of the years 1991 - 1992 explained all partial republics up to Serbia after the first democratic elections and a referendum and Montenegro their national independence.
- Arrangement: 6 partial republics (Bosnia and Herzegowina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, Slovenia) and 2 autonomous provinces within of Serbia (Kosovo, Vojvodina)
- population: Serb, Croat, Slovene, Mazedonier, Yugoslav Muslims (1968 to an own nationality and to sixth konstitutiven people of Yugoslavia avowedly), Yugoslav Roma and Sinti, Montenegriner, Albanian, Romanian, Hungary, very few German
- religions: Serbian-orthodox, catholic, Muslims, Jew
- largest cities: Belgrade (Beograd) 1.500.000 Einw., Zagreb 780,000 Einw., Skopje 500,000 Einw., Prishtina approx. 500,000 Einw., Sarajevo approx. 400,000 Einw.
Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1992-2003)
- major item: Remainder Yugoslavia
in the year 1992the Republics of Serbia and Montenegro formed the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Savezna Republika Jugoslavija), also for remainder Yugoslavia mentioned. This became to 4. February 2003 by the confederation of states Serbia and Montenegro (Srbija i Crna Gora) replaced.
- Arrangement: 2 partial republics (Montenegro and Serbia)
the plenary assembly of the United Nations decided to 22. September 1992 by majority decision (approval of 127 countries with 26 abstentions and six dissenting votes) that the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia consisting of Serbia and Montenegro not automatically the right follow-up thatSFRJ as member state of the UN to begin can, but just like the other succession states of the SFRJ for the membership to apply again must. The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia may not notice therefore the seat of the SFRJ in the UN-plenary assembly no more. There the Federal RepublicYugoslavia itself refused accepting this resolution lost it in fact their seat in the plenary assembly. Only in the year 2000 the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, after it had demanded again applied as, was taken up again to the UN. With the acceptancea new condition in the year 2003 the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia designated itself over in „Serbia and Montenegro “.
see also
| Wikiquote: Yugoslav proverbs - quotations |
- history of Yugoslavia
- list of the heads of state of Yugoslavia
- Yugoslavia war
- Yugoslavia in the Internet - SFRJ Linkliste
literature
- cross-beam Sundhaussen: Experiment Yugoslavia. From the establishment of state to the state decay. Mannheim 1993, ISBN 3-411-10241-1
