Canton whale-read

this article is concerned with the canton whale-read, further meanings under whale-read (term clarifying).

Canton whale-read

base data
principal place:	Customs/Sion
surface:	5 ' 224 km ² (rank 3)
inhabitant:	288 ' 800 (2004) (rank 9)
population density:	55 Einw. /km ² (rank 24)
entryto the confederation:	1815
abbreviation:	VS
languages:	French, German
Website:	Canton whale-read
map

the canton whale-read is a canton in the southwest of Switzerland.

German: Whale-read; French: Valais; Italian: Vallese; RA-gate-Omani: Vallais; Arpitanisch: Valês; English: Valais

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geography

whale-read exists (with exception small of an area beyond the Simplonpasses) from the valley of the Rhône (gangs) of Rhôneglet up to the Geneva lake and the side valleys. In the north the Bernese and Waadtländer alps lie, in the south the Walliser alps with the highest mountains of Switzerland (Mischabel - and Monte pink one - massif). The highest mountains of the Walliser alps are those Dufourspitze with 4634 m.ü. M. (highest mountain of Switzerland), cathedral 4545 m.ü. M., reading comb 4527 m.ü. M., white horn 4505 m.ü. M., Täschhorn 4490 m.ü. M. and the matte horn 4478 m.ü. M.

With that Aletschglet, that Gornerglet and the Walliser Fiescherglet the three are in whale-readlargest glacier of the alps.

By the protection of the surrounding mountains the main valley of the upper is whale-reads, in addition, the lower Vispertal expressed drying and warmly (steppe climate). The water supply becomes in many places through already in the Middle Ages water pipelines put on (Suonen, bites) ensures.

View of the Bettmerhorn of the Walliser alps

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important side valleys

North the Rhône:	South the Rhône:
Fieschertal	being valley
Lötschental	Saastal
Dalatal (Leukerbad)	Nikolaital
	Turtmanntal
	Val d'Anniviers (Eifischtal)
	Val d'Hérens (Eringertal)
	Val de Bagnes (Baniental)
	Val d'Entremont
	Val d'Illiez

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population

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languages

in upperwhale-read (east of Sierre, German Siders) becomes German and/or. a höchstalemannischer dialect spoken, in the Unterwallis (to the west of Sierre) one speaks French and/or. partly still frankoprovenzalische dialect.The natural language border forms north the Rhône the small brook racing pill between Sierre and Salgesch. South the Rhône is marked the language border by the Pfynwald.

French: 60%
German: 30%
Italian: 3%
others: 7%

Kantonale office languages are the French andthe German, local office language either French or German.

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religions - denominations

the following numbers in accordance with census 2000 (in parentheses in accordance with census 1990):

Catholic: 81,2% (89%)
Protestant: 6,3% (5%)
others/none: 12,5% (6%)

the Roman-catholic and the Evangelist-reformed churchboth are publicly recognized.

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condition and politics

the present canton condition date from 1907 (with numerous changes).

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legislation

legislative authority is firm the large advice (Grand Conseil) with 130 from the people on four years selectedDelegate and 130 deputies (Suppleanten). With the elections the parties achieved the following Sitzzahlen:

A party	2001	2005
Christian-democratic people's party (CVP)	61	58
Christian-social people's party (CSP)	14	15
a freesense-industrial union-democratic party (FDP)	32	28
a social-democratic party of Switzerland (FR)	18	21
liberals a partySwitzerland (PLV)	1	6
non-party 1 0 also after		the grand council elections
2005		the CVP/CSP

family can govern 3 2 Swiss people's party (SVP) generally speaking advice with an absolute majority. This absolute majority exists now already nearly for 150 years.Also the surface covering attack of the SVP could change in it nothing. Laws issued by the large advice are subject to the popular vote. The people has besides the right to suggest by means of people initiative condition and law changes; necessary are for this 8 ' 000 signatures.

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executive

Highest administering and carrying out authority is the Council of State (Conseil d'Etat) with 5 directly by the people firm on four years selected members (3 CVP, 1 FDP, 1 FR); the state chancellor is assigned to to it. The upper, central and Unterwallis must ever alsoat least one member represented its.

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Judikative

highest kantonales court is the canton court with seat in customs. Subordinated courts are the civilian, correction and criminal courts. For administrative disputes essentially the Administrative Court is responsible.

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municipalities

Public-legal kinds of municipality are the inhabitant municipalities. They are the carriers of the local autonomy (see:Municipalities of the canton whale-read). There are give the citizen municipalities (distribution of the municipality citizen right and administration of the civil goods) and the Roman-catholic as well as Evangelist-reformed Kirchgemeinden.

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Party system

in the canton whale-read holds the CVP (inclusive - the national CVP attached - the CSP) a dominant factor position. It holds the absolute majority, which in (after the elections on the basis of proportional representation right selected) the parliament and in (after selected majority-choice-hands) the governmentSwitzerland far an exception represents. The CVP, but also the CSP, the FDP, the FR and the SVP were not only divided into autonomous German and französichschprachige parties.

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economics

the Goms from air

apart from tourism gives itElectricity supply industry, viticulture, fruit-growing, industry (Lonza) in Visp and Monthey.

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artificial lake

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tourism

whale-read is world-wide one thatmost well-known vacation areas of Switzerland. The idyllische mountain village Zermatt at the foot of the matte horn in upperwhale-read to one of the most important summer and Winterkurorte developed. Further well-known tourism centers are Saas Fee and Crans Montana.

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traffic

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Course

express train distances:
- Lausanne - Simplon
- Berne - Lötschberg - Simplon
narrow-gauge railways:
- Zermatt - Visp - Brig - Urserental - Oberalp - Chur (matte horn God hard course)
- Sierre - Montana VS
- Martigny - Orsières
- Martigny - Chamonix
- Monthey - Champéry

beside it givesit innumerable post office autolines and mountain railways.

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roads

motorway
- the Rhône motorway leads valley upward to Brig (stages still in the building or planning).

Passport roads:
- of Italy: Simplon, large pc. Bernhard
- of France: Pas de Morgins, Col de laForclaz
- of the Tessin: Nufenen
- of Uri: Furka
- of Berne: Grimsel, Sanetschpass (only of the Walliserseite ago passably)

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education

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history

major item: History whale-read

history

around 25 the v. Chr. from the Romans conqueredand afterwards to the province Rätien belonging area became in 5. Century within the range of the Unterwallis of Burgundern occupies, while in the today's upperwhale-read yourself Alemannen established. 999 came the county whale-read to the bishop von Sitten. In the second half of the15. Century conquered the rural municipality organizations („the 7 Zenden”) upperwhale-read that in the meantime to Savoyen belonging Unterwallis and subordinated it to 1798 to their administration. In 16. Century forced whale-reads the independence from bischöflicher rule. 1802 explained Napoleon I. thatArea to the independent republic and 1810 to the French Département you Simplon. 1815 stepped whale-read as 22 canton of the Swiss Confederation. A condition was adopted 1907, the women of the canton is entitled to vote since 1970.

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