Canton Zurich

canton Zurich
Wappen Kanton Zürich
base data
principal place: Zurich
surface: 1 ' 729 km ²
(rank 7)
inhabitants: 1 ' 273 ' 278 (2005)
(rank 1)
population density: 736 Einw. /km ²
(rank 3)
entry to the confederation: 1351
abbreviation: ZH
languages: German
Website: Canton Zurich
map
Karte Kanton Zürich

the canton Zurich a canton is in the northeast of Switzerland.

German: Zurich; French: Zurich; Italian: Zurigo; RA-gate-Omani: Turitg; English: Zurich; Latin: Turicum; Swiss-German: Züri; officially: Swiss federal conditions Zurich

The unofficial hymn is the six-ringing march.

Table of contents

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geography

Lage des Kantons

the canton Zurich lies to a large extent in the Swiss central country and borders in the northto the canton work living and Germany, in the west to the canton Aargau, in the south to the cantons course and Schwyz, and in the east to the cantons Thurgau and pc. Gallen. East the canton Zurich begins those East Switzerland.

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waters

most important waters are to be united the Zurich lake and the Limmat, which leave the Zurich lake in Zurich, over then later in the canton Aargau with the Reuss and with the Aare and Koblenz finally with the Rhine. The Pfäffikersee and the seizing lake are importantly smaller. The smooth valley drains the smooth, where these two lakes also lie, and inhabitant of zurich flows the upper country and close from Glattfelden in the inhabitant of zurich Unterland into the Rhine.The Töss is likewise a mountain river, which rises in the inhabitant of zurich upper country and flows with the Tössegg into the Rhine. Also the Thur flows on the last few kilometers by the canton Zurich. The Rhine forms the canton border to the canton work livingin the north and also in parts the state border of Switzerland to Germany.

Up to the building of the railway the rivers and lakes were the main traffic veins of Switzerland, particularly for the transport of goods. And the small, but water-rich mountain rivers and brooks inhabitants of zurichUpper country formed with their water power two centuries ago also at the beginning of Swiss industry.

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mountains

highest mountain of the canton is the Schnebelhorn on 1293 m and. M. Further well-known trip summits in the inhabitant of zurich upper country are the Bachtel and the Hörnli.

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population

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languages

office language of the canton is German and since the acceptance of the new inhabitants of zurich condition to 27. February 2005 is expressly mentioned that the bearing language belongs also to the language liberties.

Colloquial language in the canton Zurich is Swiss German respectively its local Varietät, the Züridütsch.

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religions - denominations

the canton Zurich belonged to the traditionally reformed cantons, there the city Zurich under force-read guidance the reformation accepted and intheir whole subject area interspersed. Historical exceptions are the catholic Dietikon and the monastery village in equal numbers Rheinau (only 1803 assigned as replacement for the loss of stone at the Rhine and Dörflingen).

Due to strong Zuwanderung (Zurich as economic center) and increasing Konfessionslosigkeit is the canton today multi-religiously; none of the communities has more an absolute majority. Are publicly recognized the Evangelist-reformed regional church of the canton Zurich, the Roman-catholic body and the Christian-catholic (old-catholic) Kirchgemeinden.

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condition

of the people more selectedCondition advice compiled 2000 and 2004 a new condition between, which should replace and since that time the often changed canton condition valid since 1869. The draft became in a popular vote to 27. February 2005 accepted by the voters with clear majority. Thosenew condition stepped at the 1. January 2006 into force.

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legislation

legislative authority is the canton advice, that firmly counts 180 on four years members selected of the people in the Proporzverfahren (elections on the basis of proportional representation right).

In addition the people has direct portionat the legislation, by it referendum - and the Initiativrecht comes. Mandatory populars vote take place at all constitutional amendments, fakultative populars vote at law changes, if this by at least 3 ' 000 voters is required. Concerning people initiatives change or setting require the conditionthe support of at least 6 ' 000 voters; they are subject also to the popular vote if they are rejected by the canton advice. Zürcheri Unikum is the single initiative: an individual person can request the canton advice a law or a constitutional amendment, and this is the popular vote toosubmit, if it is supported by a majority of the canton advice. To the authority initiative (for example outgoing from a municipality parliament) the corresponding applies as to the single initiative.

The canton advice is as follows compound since 2003 (in parentheses the results of 1999):

  • SVP: 61 (60) members
  • FR: 53 (43) members
  • FDP: 29 (35) members
  • the Greens: 14 (11) members (party splitting 2004: The Green of 12 members, green liberals of 2 members)
  • CVP: 12 (13) members
  • EVP: 9 (9) members
  • SD: 1(2) Members
  • EDU: 1 (1) member
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executive

the highest leading and carrying out authority of the canton is the government advice. It consists of seven equal members, becomes firm from the people in the Majorzverfahren (Mehrheitswahlrecht) on four yearsselected and from the annually changing head of the provincial government led.

The acting government advice are (conditions 2006):

the canton Zurich is thus at present the only canton, in which the women in the government possess the majority.

See also: List of the presidents of the government advice of the canton Zurich

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Judikative

highest courts are the court of cassation (in civilian and criminal actions), the Administrative Court (public right), the social security court and the upper court. The upper court are the commercial court and the jury (for acts of violence) attached as well as district court, single judge, renting courts and (in Winterthurand Zurich) the labor courts subordinates. On local level there are the justices of the peace. Besides exists still another agriculture court, which has however in practice no great importance.

The district court Zurich is with its approximately 400 coworkers the largest court in the cantonZurich.

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party system

in the canton Zurich gives it the usual parties acting in Switzerland. In former times above all the FDP had a determining position, lost these however appreciably in the last years and had their role as the largest Canton advice parliamentary group to the SVP transfer. In the land municipalities the SVP is above average strong and in the city the FR. A fourth-strongest party are the Greens, only one outsider role plays the Swissly federal more influential CVP.

Party strengths national council elections
a party elections 2003 Elections 1999
SVP 33,39 32,48
FR 25,66 25,63
FDP the 16,24 17,82
Greens 8,47 4,14
CVP 5,43 5,12
EVP 4,11 3,44
aluminium 2,17 2,01
EDU 2,06 1,76
FF 0,92 1,95
SD 0,87 1,55
remaining 0,49 3,12
EPS 0,10 0,18
FPS 0.09 0.82
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municipalities and districts

the canton Zurich counts 171 political municipalities, which are the carriers of the local autonomy; thus for example everyone comes to the individual right to determine the local basis of taxation.
see: Municipalities of the cantonZurich

further kinds of municipality are the school municipalities, which are integrated however increasingly into the political municipalities, the civil municipalities, whose it isolated only gives, and which and Roman as well as Christian-catholic Kirchgemeinden Evangelist-reformed.

Each municipality belongs to one of the 12Districts (see below), which are the decentralized units of the canton administration and thus without own autonomy.

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economics

the canton Zurich is the economically strongest region of Switzerland. Around the city Zurich has itself a dye also over oneMillion inhabitants developed, which already extends beyond the canton borders.
The Finanzplatz with national is particularly pronounced and internationally active banks and insurance, where Zurich can compete with London and Frankfurt/Main. Zurich is beside Munich leading a world-wideCenter for the reinsurance. Besides Zurich is a popular congress place.

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traffic

the canton Zurich becomes of a close national and regional Eisenbahnnetz as well as from eastward, the west, the north and the south prominent motorways pulled through. With Kloten liesthe international airport Zurich, which fulfills also the function of a stroke.

During the international connection the railway (particularly to Munich and Stuttgart) to wish leaves, has the canton owing to inhabitants of zurich of the traffic group ( ZVV) remaining an excellent suburban traffic netfor dye traffic, which is continued to develop.

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resident enterprise

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training centres

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special mechanisms and research

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history

see history of the canton Zurich.

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politics

political take the canton Zurich occasionally a role of the pioneer, for example with thatPromotion of public traffic, in the tax legislation, with the change of the training system, with rights for homosexual pairs and the reform of the official right (abolishment of the official status); within other ranges like the simplification of the administrative arrangement he limps behind other cantons such as Berne andPc. Gallen after. Into the decades long constant party landscape with its traditional dominance of the free sense and/or the freesense-industrial union-democratic party (FDP) - which only temporarily into two independent parties was divided - comes into outgoing 20. Century movement: InConnection with more difficult the economic situation become is broken this supremacy by the right-civil-conservative Swiss people's party (SVP), whose success expands in the future since whole Switzerland. On the left side at the same time the social-democratic party erstarkt (FR), with which that party, which coined/shaped the policy of the canton Zurich so long, threatens to be ground.

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cities and places

of cities of the canton Zurich

See also: Municipalities of the canton Zurich

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of districts with principal place

of districts of the canton Zurich

the canton Zurich is arranged into 12 districts:


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