Circle Ilmenau

base data
Land of the Federal Republic:	Thuringia
district (GDR):	Suhl
administrative seat:	Ilmenau
surface:	340.64 km ²
inhabitants:	62.909 (31. December 1994)
Population density:	185 inhabitants for each km ²
Kfz characteristics:	O (until 1990; Bez. Suhl) IL (starting from 1990)
circle arrangement:	28 municipalities
postal zip codes:	63xx
inventory time:	1952 to 1994
layer in ehem. Bez. Suhl
circle map

the circle Ilmenau is a former district in Thuringia, which existed from 1952 to 1994.

Geografie

the circle Ilmenau lay in the northeast of the former district Suhl and was the only circle of the district, which by the majority north the running paste was. It bordered in the north on the circle Arnstadt (district Erfurt), in the east on the circle Rudolstadt (district Gera), in the southeast on the circle new house (district Suhl), in the south on the circle Hildburghausen (district Suhl) and in the southwest on the circle Suhl (district Suhl).

The circle Ilmenau was one the forest-richest GDR. The forest portion was to the total area with approximately 70%. The circle area was not appropriate nearly completely in the Thüringer forest, only the places Heyda and those (today's) for the wolf mountain municipality lay in the forest. The highest mountains in the circle were the Kickelhahn with Ilmenau (861 m), the large dark mountain (944 m) and the large iron mountain (907 m), both forging field. Important also the long mountain ( 808 m) is with large width brook.

The most important watercourses of the circle were the Ilm, the Zahme Gera and the well-being rose.

According to the area planning plan Ilmenau was central center and Gehren, large width brook, EDT of fear of countess outer, Geraberg and forging field Unterzentren and/or. Small centers.

history

the area of the circle Ilmenau became between that 12. and that 14. Century settles. The oldest places in the circle area are long meadows and Gehren in the Ilmtal and/or. Well-being rose valley and the recent places of the circle are to run-rise, e.g. New city and forging field. After the circle area in the Middle Ages under the influence of the counts von Henneberg and Schwarzburg stood, it came in the early modern times to becoming extinct the Henneberger and to Erbteilungen with the black citizens. Like that 1920 six States of possessions in the circle Ilmenau had, this were in the year: Saxonia Weimar iron oh (Ilmenau), Saxonia Coburg and Gotha (Geraberg), Saxonia Meiningen (new city), black castle special living (Gehren, large width brook), Schwarzburg Rudolstadt (Gräfinau, planks) and Prussia (forging field). In the year 1922 the district Arnstadt was formed, among which the majority of the circle area ranked first. As the GDR 1952 its administration reformed 14 districts was formed. The area of the district Arnstadt was planned first into the district Erfurt, what would lead however to the fact that this would be too small guessed/advised too largely and the neighbouring district Suhl. Thus one decided to slam parts shut of the district Erfurt the district Suhl. Since Ilmenau was the city at Suhl, next lain, the area was integrated despite its situation on the north side of the Thüringer of forest into the district Suhl and the circle Ilmenau was formed. With the population this measure encountered refusal, since the infrastructure direction Erfurt was well developed (federal highway and railway line), while the traffic routes were not well developed after Suhl (no railway connection, unfavorable road connections). In addition humans felt both cultural and historical and geographically rather with central Thuringia as with south Thuringia connected.

As 1990 the German reunification took place the country Thuringia was again based and the districts dissolved. The circle Ilmenau belonged from now on to this Land of the Federal Republic. He got the KFZ indication IL assigned, which replaced the O (for district Suhl) on the number sign. 1993 were decided the regional reorganization for Thuringia. Since the circle was relatively small Ilmenau, it should be folded up with another. In the discussion the circles were Suhl (- country) and Arnstadt. One decided then for latter variant, since it appeared more meaningful, to distribute the circle Suhl country on the districts Hildburghausen and Meiningen. Thus the circle Ilmenau and the circle Arnstadt fused 1994 to the Ilm circle.

The highest number of inhabitants reached the circle in the middle of the 1950er-Jahre with approximately 72,000 inhabitants. In the year 1910 54,228 humans lived in the area of the later circle.

municipalities (1994)

in parentheses the whereabouts of the municipality after 1994

1. old person field (independent, entry to the VG large width brook)
2. planks (independent, entry to the VG large width brook)
3. Bücheloh (education of the municipality wolf mountain)
4. Elgersburg (independent, entry to the VG Geratal)
5. woman Mrs. (independent, entry to the VG run-rise)
6. Friedersdorf (independent, entry to the VG large width brook)
7. Gehren, city (independent, entry to the VG long mountain)
8. Geraberg (independent, entry to the VG Geratal)
9. Geschwenda (independent, entry to the VG upper Geratal)
10. Gillersdorf (independent, entry to the VG large width brook)
11. EDT of fear of countess outer (education of the municipality wolf mountain)
12. large width brook, city (independent, entry to the VG large width brook)
13. Herschdorf (independent, entry to the VG long mountain)
14. Heyda (incorporation after Ilmenau)
15. Ilmenau, district town (independent)
16. long meadows, city (independent)
17. one brook (incorporation after Ilmenau)
18. Martinroda (independent, entry to the VG Geratal)
19. carrot brook (independent, entry to the VG long mountain)
20. new city to run-rise (independently, entry to the VG long mountain)
21. Oberpörlitz (incorporation after Ilmenau)
22. eye stick (incorporation after long meadows)
23. Pennewitz (independent, entry to the VG long mountain)
24. forging field to run-rise (independently, entry to the VG run-rise)
25. support hereditaryoh (independently, entry to the VG run-rise)
26. Vesser (incorporation after Suhl)
27. wild-jump (independently, Entry to the VG large width brook)
28. Wümbach (education of the municipality wolf mountain)

further one of places

• Roda, 1939 after Ilmenau in in common December
• Unterpörlitz, 1981 after Ilmenau in in common December
• Jesuborn, 1950 after Gehren in in common December
• Willmersdorf, 1984 after Herschdorf in in common December
• all village, 1984 after Herschdorf in in common December

economics

the restructuring of the economy of the circle Ilmenau was nationally planned and steered on the part of the GDR government. The process of the centralization of the economy began in the circle, which was essentially final in the middle of the 1970er-Jahre. In former times if all places possessed more or less large factories, then these were now closed and new collective combines were based. Planning looked in such a way that the smaller villages are deindustrialisiert and but in the middle places larger unit resources develop should. Thus for each region an industry was particularly promoted. This were for EDT of fear of countess outer (with the villages Wümbach and Bücheloh) the agriculture and production of food and/or. the processing of the agricultural products. For Geraberg (with Geschwenda, Martinroda and Elgersburg) agriculture became (plants in Martinroda) as well as the thermometer industry selected. The latter was concentrated in a large work in Geraberg with 2000 coworkers (from the TWG the enterprise Geratherm came out ). In Ilmenau glass and china industry were concentrated. In the glass work in Ilmenau about 4,000 humans worked and in the porcelain work hen mountain about 2,000 humans. For Gehren (with long meadows, carrot brook, Jesuborn and Pennewitz) the wood industry became determining. At the Gehrener station developed the largest sawmill of the GDR. In large width brook (with new city, old person field, Gillersdorf, Herschdorf, Willmersdorf, all village, Gillersdorf, Friedersdorf, planks and wild-jump) glass industry and relay technique were concentrated. For forging field to run-rise (with support hereditaryoh, woman forest and Vesser) glass industry and tourism were selected and promoted.

traffic

in the circle area three trunk roads (today's federal highways) and three railway lines ran:

• F4/B4: Erfurt - Arnstadt - Ilmenau - Schleusingen
• F87/B87: Ilmenau - Stadtilm - Weimar
• F88/B88: Gotha - Ohrdruf - Ilmenau - king lake - Rudolstadt

• Erfurt Ilmenauer railway: Erfurt - Arnstadt - Ilmenau (stations in the circle: Martinroda, Geraberg, Elgersburg, Roda and Ilmenau)
• running climbing course: Ilmenau - Schleusingen - (Themar) (of stations in the circle area: Ilmenau, Ilmenau bath, one brook, support hereditaryoh, BF run-rise, forging field)
• Ilmenau Grossbreitenbacher railway: Ilmenau - Gehren - large width brook (stations in the circle area: everything)

former districts in Thuringia

1922 to 1952: Old person castle | Old person castle (city) | Apolda (city) | Arnstadt | Arnstadt (city) | Iron oh | Iron oh (city) | Erfurt | Erfurt (city) | Gera | Gera (city) | Gotha | Gotha (city) | County high stone | Greiz | Greiz (city) | Holy city | Rule Schmalkalden | Hildburghausen| | Jena (city) | Langensalza | Meiningen | Mühlhausen | Mühlhausen (city) | Northlive (city) | Rudolstadt | Hall field | Schleiz | Schleusingen | Speciallive | Sun mountain | Stadtroda | Weimar | Weimar (city) | White lake | Worbis | Goat back

1952 to 1994: Old person castle | Apolda | Arnstadt | Artern | Bath salting | Iron oh | Iron mountain | Erfurt | Erfurt (city) | Gera | Gera (city) | Gotha | Greiz | Holy city | Hildburghausen | Ilmenau | Jena | Jena (city) | Langensalza | Praising stone | Meiningen | Mühlhausen | New house | Northlive | Pössneck | Rudolstadt | Hall field | Schleiz | Schmalkalden | Schmölln | Sömmerda | Speciallive | Sun mountain | Stadtroda | Suhl | Suhl (city) | Weimar | Weimar (city) | Worbis | Zeulenroda |