Art

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This article treats the art as talent and/or. aesthetic activity. To the term Art in the mining industry see Miner language
Painting: Mona Lisa of Leonardo da Vinci
Portal:Art


The term Art designates the ability of humans for the aesthetic expression of his spirit. Art is also the term for the works created by humans, the one social relevance possess and a aesthetic sinnliche effect on that Recipient have, for example the works of the art forms Painting, Graphics, Sculpture, Architecture, Literature, Seal, Theatre, Music, Film or Video. The term "art" becomes handling linguistic frequently exclusively for the bringing out that Forming art used.

Besides the term becomes in connection with pronounced talents, thus uses technical skills, for example Cook art, Equitation, Speech art, Seduction art or Charm art.

To in 18. Century became with that Arts (Latin: artes) the entire range of human talents designates. The today's art term developed from the term of the technical skill, which etymologisch in German from that medium high German Word Ability to be deduced can - which leads however to misunderstandings: Technical perfection, the masterful control of a handicraft during the execution of an artistic work is for the today's Art theory neither a necessary condition for a work of art, still it constitutes alone a work of art.

The term art designates on the one hand Works of art as elements of the human Culture, not primarily by their appropriateness, separate by their differently understood Aesthetics are coined/shaped. Beyond that it covers also artistically arranged functional Artifacts and products of the range of the applied art in such a way specified.

Art in the sense of artistic talent and graphic collection is steered with humans by the right brain half. It is with priority responsible for spatial seizing, for musical feelings, creative organizations and the feelings.

Table of contents

History

Since its beginnings was art closely also Work, Play and that Holy one connected. Historically the arts from their contribution developed for the material organization of Cults and Rituals. A central moment was thus those Religion, since the early Modern times in the western societies gradually at influence lost.

Of that Arts became before that 19. Century mostly as spoken as today of the occupations, the one technical training presuppose. The handicrafts were considered as own arts, those artes mechanicae, just as those fan of the (philosophical) basic study, those artes liberal, those free arts, in the three large faculties theology, Jurisprudence and medicine were presupposed. Books concerning individual arts applied for fields of Koennerschaft easy to learn before this time mostly. Master achievements of the engineering became in books "mining industry -" or "hydraulic engineering art" (building of air-locks) treats.

In the second half 18. and at the beginning 19. Century, in the age that Clearing-up, the formed circles began Painting, Sculptures and Architecture, as well as Literature and Music to discuss as art in the today's sense of word. Topic-connecting those became Aesthetics in demarcation to the ugly one as category for the qualification of works of art justifies. Liberty became the ideal for politics, Science as well as for gradually the literature and art developing as independent ranges. The aspect relating to crafts of artistic work lost at meaning. One of the most important conditions for this process was by the beginning Industrielle revolution accelerated Secularization.

The differentiation between literature and art was the result briefly before of the begun Literature discussion, the no more with all mental work was not concerned, separate novels, Dramas and poems as Literature in a changed sense of word summarized. In the tendency, to respond a larger public, became the term Art first on paintings and sculptures narrows, on articles, into that Newspapers and Magazines - the journals, it since early 18. Century gave -, were introduced and judged. A common developed Review nature. The terms Work, Original and Genius as styles of the individuality of the Artist became through Kant coined/shaped. Around art communicatable to make, one needed suitable Pictures. One differentiates between inside and outside Pictures. Internal pictures are for example Language, Conceptions and those Ideas, expresses however furnishings, Buildings or any different one Thing.

Become in that History of art up to 19. Century sequential so mentioned Art epochs defined, developed since the early phases that modern art different Style directions next to each other. The more complex social conditions became, the more competitive contemporary and old art came on the prosperierenden Art market and into the again based Art museums . The meaning of Art exhibitions with topic tables constantly grows emphasis.

The debate around that Art term as a sign of the question What is art? shifted in (art) -History again and again. Those Artes in the modern times within the western culture range as human creative abilities were regarded and continued to differentiate ever. In other cultures and do not give there were various not answers which can be harmonized.

The today's, in most highly industrialized countries spread, Term that Art liberty ,the z.B. into that Basic Law taken up is, covers a multiplicity at human courses of action and expression, undirectedly or with different goals connected. In the course that Globalization on the one hand an increased dialogue of different art trends in all world developed, on the other hand regional differences were tendentious levelled. In numerous states the art practice is reglementiert and instrumentalisiert for propaganda purposes.

Ranges

In Roman realm one differentiated between those Filters of free arts (artes liberal), consisting of that Trivium and Quadrivium, in relation to the mechanical arts became more highly estimated: Grammar, Dialectic, Rhetorik; Geometry, Arithmetic, Astronomy and Music.

The organization into literature, Art, Handicraft and Science formed since end of the 18. Century in Europe out.

According to today's understanding the art is divided into the subranges:

Besides still becomes between more profanely and more sakraler Art differentiated between. A further important beginning for the classification of works of art according to their function are the categories Order art and Free art. In addition comes a rating demarcation of Advanced culture, to which the art is counted, and Everyday culture.

Trespasses beyond the border between these disciplines and ranges as well as the used styles are frequent, the nature of the art as creative expression accordingly.

In the 20's of the last century separated arts and crafts, in the sense of artistic bringing out of values in use (Work federation controversy) and the Design, in the sense of well-planned acting for industrielle of purposes. The Design was a substantial cultural strength that Modern one and in the 80's the arising Postmodernism in the highly industrialized countries.

Quality criteria

The evaluation of the quality of works of art constantly changed in the course of history. The criteria became from the socially accepted and/or. interspersed Taste the respective rule and education layer set up, from a minority analyzes and from large parts of the population not taken over. Each age developed own conceptions over it, which belongs to the range of the art and which as inferior, that Mass taste accordingly, one abqualifiziert. To that extent art knows also a cultural means to elitaeren Demarcation of individuals and groups its.

The postmodernism opinion of art places partially the ideas of liberty, Originality and authenticity in question, uses consciously quotations of other artists and connects historical and contemporary styles, Materials and methods in addition, various Art kinds with one another. Plagiarisms, Imitate and very strongly of other artists affected works gave and gives it in each phase to the history of art. Today such styles are examined and are not all together devalued. It is, the producer hides its models and tries, on the black market also Falsifications To earn money.

Art is more human the product Creativity, a creative achievement, their result the work of art is. It can be judged with difficulty, there everyone Artist its own conceptions of art and his own approach to creative-artistic acting has (Phases of the creative process). The aesthetic value one Work of art been based on social agreement or been based on a break with the same. Art is determined - like each human mode of expression - by the respective company forms, those the liberty of the art partly substantially limit. Art can on this background in totalitarian states one affirmative, in addition, subversive Role play. Those National socialist despised the free modern art so much, that it it as degenerated art diffamierten, Artists pursued, Mechanisms - like that Building house - closed and works of art destroyed.

Art results from the choice of a certain Medium, from fixed rules for its use and from special conceptions and Values, those determine, which is to be expressed by the respective medium, for example which ideas, which world views, which feelings consciously or unconsciously to be expressed. Experimental art tried, to exceed these borders.

The American painter Ad Reinhardt leads the term into the absurd, by saying: ,,Art is art. Everything else is everything else ". It is therefore useless, To want to define art exactly. Alternatively one can according to the function of art and/or. a work of art, for the intention of the artist as well as for the rezeption of an artistic work ask and the conditions consider, under those it developed.

Quotations

- quotations
  • Art is beautiful, however much work makes! Karl Valentin
  • Art is, if man's cannot, because if man's can, ist's no art. Johann Nestroy
  • Art is magic, released from the lie, To be truth. - Theodor W. Adorno
  • Art comes from ability, she would come from wools, thus it became bulge is called. Max dear man
  • Each free humans are creative. Since creativity constitutes an artist, follows: only who artist is is humans. ... Each humans are an artist. Joseph Beuys
  • If I knew, which art is, I was not betrayed it. Pablo Picasso
  • As a child everyone is an artist. The difficulty lies in it, to remain as an adult of one.. Pablo Picasso
  • Art washes the dust of the everyday life of the soul. - Pablo Picasso
  • Art is that, which we make. Christo on the question as it and his Mrs. Kunst would define.
  • The art is a daughter of the liberty. - Friedrich Schiller
  • Blows, if it succeeded to us, to define the term and cement thus! Art gives itself to recognize there, where we over the aesthetic sinnliche experience of our possibilities as spirit-talented creatures to be reminded. Art has to do something with the need, to go to our borders. It zumutet a certain effort to humans, indeed those, beyond its horizon. Helmut Lachenmann on the question What is art?

Terms

Terms around art

Terms in the art

Exhibitions, Museums, Meetings

See also


Web on the left of


- pictures, Video or audio files
- learning and teaching materials
- word origin, Synonymous one and translations

nap:Arte

 

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