Langobarden

the Langobarden (” long beards “, also Winniler) were closely to the Semnonen related a partial trunk of the Sueben , and to it a Germanic trunk, which originally settled at the lower Elbe.

The landscape south the Elbe in the districts Harburg and Lueneburg are called to today Bardengau, to which also the name of the place Bardowick refers.

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Name

after the legend the Winniler pulled against a supremacy in the war and it prayed to Wotan. He said that he would give the victory to the army, which he sees in the morning first. There Freyja said,the wife Wotans that the women of the Winniler should strike themselves their hair around the neck thereby it to look like beards. On the next morning Wotan saw to the women and said: ” Who are these long beards? “There Freyja spoke: ” You havea name given to them, now give them the victory. “From the day on the Winniler Langobarden called itself.

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history

at the beginning of the Markomannenkriege the Langobarden 166 n penetrated. Chr. in the Roman realm and occupied the areaat the middle Danube, in which the Rugier settled before (today Lower Austria). Around 490 n. Chr. a group, which the sources call Langobarden, pulled after Mähren and at the beginning 6. Century after Pannonien. In the year 510 destroyed it finally the Herulerreich governed by Rudolf.

In the year 567 they destroyed the Gepidenreich together with the Awaren, had however perhaps even to the Awaren to then evade. They conquered parts of Italy starting from 568 under king Alboin.The Teutons continued to penetrate (the course did not have themselves by any means only Langobarden attached) to the south, them could however not the whole peninsula conquer: About half of the country remained under control of the eastRoman realm. The langobardische colonization in Italyis considered as the last course of the lateantique people migration.

The Langobardenreich, with the capital Pavia (therefore it Lombardei), covered north Italy and parts of central and south Italy and disintegrated into several Dukate. Authari (584-590), marries with Theudelinde, daughter of the duke ofBavaria, crossed from the arianischen to the catholic faith. Under Grimoald (662-671) and Liutprand (712-744) the Langobardenreich achieved its largest spatial expansion. Karl the large one conquered 774 Pavia under the last Langobardenkönig Desiderius and left himself to the king of the Langobardencrown (major items: Langobardenfeldzug). In the south the duchy remained Benevent up to conquest by the Normannen in the 11. Century independently. The Italian region Lombardei carries this very day the names of the Langobarden.

The king crown of the Langobarden was the so-called Iron crown. Napoleon let centuries later be crowned with the iron crown to the king of Italy, in order to legitimize its rule.

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dukes of the Langobarden

reference: The first dukes to Wacho do not let themselves be occupied historically, themare contained only in the master legend. The reigns to Alboin are not secured.

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of kings of the Langobarden

(Lombardei, Italy)

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see also


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literature

  • Tacitus, Germania, chapter 40 (e.g. with Reclam)
  • Ralf shrubs (Hrsg.): The Langobarden. Of the Unterelbe to Italy (publication Hamburg museums for archaeology and thoseHistory Harburgs (helmet museum); Bd. 54), Wachholtz, new cathedral 1988, ISBN 3-529-01833-3
  • Thomas Cerny: The Langobarden, Universitas publishing house, Munich 2003, ISBN 3-8004-1451-1
  • Jörg Jarnut: History of the Langobarden, Kohl hammer, Stuttgart 1982, ISBN 3-17-007515-2 (scientific introduction of the number of “Urban paperbacks”)
  • Wilfried: The Langobarden, Theiss publishing house, Stuttgart 1985, ISBN 3-8802-0364-4 (history of the Langobarden from archaeological-historical view)
  • Karin priests: History of the Langobarden. Society, culture, everyday life life, Theiss publishing house, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-80621-848-X (alive more told, well pictorials entrance)
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