Libya

الجماهيريةالعربيةالليبيةالشعبيةالاشتراكية
aluminium-Dschamāhīriyya aluminium-arabiyya aluminium-Lībiyya asch schabiyya aluminium-ischtirākiyya
socialist Libyan Arab Dschamahirija


(detail)	(detail)

office language

Arab

capital

Tripoli

system of government

People's Republic on Islam. Basis

revolution leader

Muammar aluminium-Gaddafi

head of state

Zanati Muhammad az-Zanati

head of the government

Schukri Muhammad Ghanim

Surface

1.759.540 km ²

number of inhabitants

5.631.585 (conditions July 2004)

population density

of 3.2 inhabitants per km ²

gros domestic product/inhabitant

4,293 US-$ (2004)

independence

from Italy to 24. December 1951

currency

Libyan dinar

time belt

UTC +1

national anthem

Allahu Akbar (God is large)

Kfz characteristic

LAR

Internet TLD

.ly

Preselection

+218

the Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya (Dschamahirija = republic), in the official short form Libyan Arab Dschamahirija or ugs. briefly Libya [ˈliːby̑ən], is a state in the north of Africa. Libya is because of the Mediterranean and borders in the west on the Maghreb- States of Tunesien and Algeria, in the east to Egypt and the Sudan and in the south to the Niger and Chad.

Libya is divided into the traditional landscapes Tripolitanien in the west, Fessan in the south, the Cyrenaika (Kyrene) in the east andthe Libyan desert up. Only 2.5% of the surface are agriculturally usable. There is however important natural gas - and oil deposits. Libya is the only country in the world, in which there is not one constant river: it has onlyso-called Wadis, which lead water however only after strong rainfalls temporarily.

The state divides into 25 provinces.

The lake over el Maa in Libya

1 population
2 religion
3 history
4 politics
5 economics
6 Web on the left of

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population

the population consists by the majority of Arabs (74%) and arabisierten Berbern (8%), besides it gives and others to Italian. Since 1975 rose the population from 2.5 million to six million humans. Due to the very high birth rate of3.6% are today 50% of the population under 16 years old. 80% of the Libyan population live in the coastal areas of Tripolitanien and the Kyrenaika. However in Tripoli, Banghazi and Misratah as well as the pertinent suburbs are thoseCenters of the settlement.

Host language is Arab. Besides some Berbersprachen are spoken:

Nafusi (101,000 speakers)
Ghadames (42.000)
Tamascheq (Tuareg; 17.000)

See also: List of the cities in Libya

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religion

about 97% of the population are Sunni Muslims, predominantly malikitischer direction. There are few catholics and some Ibaditen. Most Christian churches were closed after the revolution of 1969. Dropping from the Islam is punished with the immediate loss of the nationality. The Sanussiya - brother shank placedup to the revolution of 1969 the king. In the last years an intensified turn is to be registered to the orthodox Islam, masking the woman increases.

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history

major item: History of Libya

historical market place in Leptis Magna

Libyasince beginning of the historical excessive quantity by Berberstämmen one inhabited. In 7. Century v. Chr. the coast of the Cyrenaika by Greeks and the coast Tripolitaniens von Phöniziern were settled. In the first century v. Chr. the coasts of Libya came under the RomanRule. After the fall of the Roman realm Libya was already conquered 647 by the Muslims. In the future Tripolitanien belonged to Ifriqiya and by the Aghlabiden, Fatimiden, Ziriden and Hafsiden was controlled, while the Cyrenaika rather of Egyptout one controlled.

In 16. Century tried to conquer Spain the coastal towns of Libya, could not however not against the Korsaren allied with the Osmanen maintain ground. In the future the country of the osmanischen sovereignty was subordinate, however from the Qaramanli in 18. Century to be occasionally shaken off could. After the Osmanen had again subjected 1835 the country, they were driven out 1911 by Italy, which however the resistance of the Sanussiya - brother shank only 1935 to break could. After release by British troops in 2. World war, attained Libya under king Idris 1951 independence. This was fallen 1969 by Colonels Muammar aluminium-Ghaddafi.

See also: Italian-Turkish war

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politics

Muammar aluminium-Gaddafi (or Mu'ammar aluminium-Qaddhafi) (* September 1942), Arab: معمرالقذافي, is since1969 in fact head of state of Libya, while Zentani Muhammad az-Zentani is since 1992 a de jure head of state.

To 10. March 2004 signed Libya in Vienna the supplementary protocol in such a way specified to the nuclear weapon check contract. Thus the government in of Tripoli permits the international Atomic Energy Agencycomprehensive controllability of the nuclear plants of the country. In Libya the military service exists. Women and men between 18 and 35 years can be drawn in.

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economics

Libya is since 1962 member of the organization oil of exporting countries (OPEC). Because of its political security contrary to the states in the Near East became Libya lately an attractive business partner for western oil companies.

Libya has Tripoli , Benghazi , Misurata, Mersa Brega ports in Tobruk (Naturhafen ), as well asseveral oil shipping ports.

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