Malawi

Dziko la Malaŵi (Chichewa)
Republic of OF Malawi (English)
Republic of Malawi

(detail) (detail)
office language	Chichewa, English
capital	Lilongwe
system of government	Präsidialrepublik
president	Bingu wa Mutharika
surface	118,480 km ²
number of inhabitants	12.158.924 (conditions July 2005)
population density	of 102 inhabitantsper km ²
gros domestic product/inhabitant	157 US-$ (2004)
independence	from Great Britain to 6. July 1964
currency	Malawi Kwacha
time belt	UTC +2
national anthem	Mlungu salitsani Malawi
Kfz characteristic	MW
Internet TLD	.mw
preselection	+265

the Republic of Malawi [maˈlaːvi] (Chichewa: Dziko la Malaŵi; English.: Republic of OF Malawi [məˈlɑːwɪ]) is a state in southeast Africa. It borders on Tanzania, Mozambique and Zambia. National holiday is the 6. July, Tag of independence (1964).

Table of contents 1 geography 1.1 Situation of 1,2 landscape 1,3 climate 1,4 plant world 1,5 nature marriage worthynesses of 1,6 cities 2 population 2,1 languages 2,2 religions 3 history 4 politics 5 administrative arrangement 6 infrastructure 7 economics 7,1 general 7,2 agriculture of 7,3 Bodenschätze 7,4 handicraft 7,5 public expenditures 7,6 corruption 8 Web on the left of

geography

layer

the north south expansion is 850 km, the west east expansion 350 km. The external border has a length of 2.881 km, 1,569 km to Mozambique in the east and the south, 475 km to Tanzania in the northand 837 km to Zambia in the west.

landscape

the national surface amounts to about 118,484 km ² (world rank 99), of it 31% forest and shrub country, 25% water surface, 20% field, 15% meadows and pastures.

Malawi lies almostcompletely within the range East Africa niches of the ditch break system. The landscape shape becomes of high surfaces, which are towered above by individual island mountains, far levels and the Malawi lake (in former times: Njassasee) determines. With a surface of approximately 29,600 km ², 570 kilometers of length and widthup to 80 kilometers the Malawi lake is the largest lake of Malawi at the same time and third biggest inland waters of Africa; it belongs predominantly to the Malawian national territory. South the lake continues the Grabenbruch.

From one level with green dte plan days outstanding impressive Mulanje - massif forms the highest collection of the country, the highest mountain is the Sapitwa with 3.002 m height. The longest river is the almost one at 402 km length. As southern discharge of the Malawi lake the almost one flows through first the Malombesee,before it flows into Mozambique into the Sambesi.

climate

it prevails by the high situations moderated alternating-wet tropical climate with a middle yearly temperature of 19° C. There is a precipitation downward gradient of approximately 2,000 mm per year in the more near-equator northto scarcely 1,000 mm in the south, the ditch sole lying in the rain shade locally hardly receives 600 mm.

plant world

the Flora of the region is very different. Prevailing vegetation formations in the dry levels are savannahs and open grass corridors, as well as light Drying forest. Closed forests occur only in mountain situations and on the forest-rich high plateaus. The forest stand of the country was cleared in former times in the settlement areas, but aufgeforstet in the meantime again wide.

nature marriage worthynesses

worth seeing are the Kapichira Wasserfälle, the Malawi lake, the Malombesee and the mountain Mulanje. National park in Malawi are Kasungu, Lengwe, Majete, Mwabvi, Liwonde, Nyika, Vwaza and Nkhotakota.

cities

the largest cities are (conditions 1. January 2005): Lilongwe of 646,750 inhabitants, Blantyre of 584,877 inhabitants, Mzuzu of 128,361 inhabitants, Zomba of 80,932 inhabitants, Kasungu of 42,555 inhabitants and Mangochi of 40,236 inhabitants.

• See also: List of the cities in Malawi

population

the average life expectancy in Malawi is in the latterYears on 32.5 years sunk. In the meantime suffers 30 55% of the population at AIDS, which is responsible for almost three quarters of all deaths. Since above all young humans are concerned, has this enormous economic consequences. These are strengthened still througha strong population growth, extreme pressure on the country and its resources, the food situation, the job market and the social security benefits exercises.

The majority of the population lives on less than a US Dollar per day (conditions 2005).

The illiterate rate is with menwith 24% and with women with 51% (conditions 2005).

languages

office languages are Chichewa and English. In addition regionally Lomwe, Yao, Tumbuka and Sena are spoken.

religions

73% Christian (of itwith 55% predominantly Protestanten), besides 20% of Sunni Muslims and 5% trailer of nature religions.

The Bible is available already for more than hundred years in translations in the national languages Chichewa, Yao and Tumbuka and is to find in almost any Christian household.

Special Repressalien and partial of brutal pursuit were exposed in Malawi in the time to in party government of Hastings Kamuzu Banda those at that time 18,000 witnesses Jehovas in the country. Because it itself because of their strict party-politicalNeutrality refused acquiring the mandatory party documents of identification carrying military service out and participating in national ceremonies, became their activity to 20. Octobers 1967 forbade. Encroachments of Parteimobs, plunderings, arsons and on them set killer commands drove occasionally many thousands in refugee camps after Zambia and Mozambique. 1976 was more than 5,000 witnesses Jehovas in the local prisons locked up. After the prohibition was waived 1993 and the chicaneries ended, the number of the witnesses grew in the meantime on over 63.000 (conditions: 2005).

history

Earliest provable settling took place via trunks of the San. North of Lilongwe this very day stone-temporal designs of this culture from hunters and collecting tanks are to be found to in the caves of two saliently mountains from granite rock, rising up out of the landscape. The nextprovable settlement took place via the Chewa - trunk from the Luba - area, whereby the data vary at present the immigration between 1000 and 1480 AD.

On Malawian soil allegedly the kingdom of the Maravi was before the age of the imperialism.Slave trade and master wars beutelten the northernmost region.1859 reached David Livingstone as first Europeans the Malawi lake. 1891 were converted Malawi British protectorate , 1907 this into the colony Njassaland. 1915, as the British government the military service for the colony inhabitants, revolted the native population under the Baptistengeistlichen John Chilembwe arranged against the foreign rule.

1953 became Malawi (Njassaland) member of the Central African federation.

1964 attained the country independence. The first president Hastings Kamuzu Banda seized soon power and governedthe country at the point Malawi Congress party (MCP) diktatorisch. This dictatorship ended only 1993 with a referendum peacefully running off, which 1994 flowed into free elections. Initiated this development was by a Hirtenbrief of six Roman-catholic bishops inYear 1992, in which for years publicly political reforms were demanded for the first time.

With the first free elections Bakili Muluzi was selected of the United Democratic front (UDF) to the president and red-elect 1999. After futile attempts to change the condition overits presidency to extend, he became after the disputed choice of 20. May 2004 replaced from the Bingu Mutharika (UDF ), wished of it as a successor, above all because the opposition parties could not agree on a common rival candidate. The swearing-in inthe new president found to 24. May 2004 in Blantyre in the presence several African heads of state instead of.

politics

after the condition of 1966 are Malawi a präsidiale republic in the Commonwealth. An only certified party was Malawi CongressParty. After a referendum 1993 the introduction of a multiple party system was decided. Afterwards the parliament has 177 delegates, who are again selected every 5 years. Likewise every 5 years the head of state in direct choice, which president determines, becomes. The juridical systemorients itself at the British right.

Malawi is member into the Southern African development Community (SADC)

• official operational readiness level of the SADC

administrative arrangement

Malawi is divided into three regions (Provinces): The regions are again divided into 27 districts,this again in 137 chieftain areas and 68 Unterhäuptlingsgebiete.

• Central region (Lilongwe),

with the districts: Dedza, Dowa, Kasungu, Lilongwe, Mchinji, Nkhotakota, Ntcheu, Ntchisi, Salima

• north region (Mzuzu)

with the districts: Chitipa, Karonga, Likoma, Mzimba, Nkhata Bay, Rumphi

• south region (Blantyre)

with the districts: Balaka, Blantyre, Chikwawa, Chiradzulu, Machinga, Mangochi, Mulanje, Mwanza, Nsanje, Phalombe, Thyolo, Zomba

infrastructure

• airports:

Malawi has 6 airports with GET ores runways (Lilongwe Kamuzu internationally air haven 3.047m. Blantyre Chileka air haven 2.437m, four further with 914-1.523m) and 37 with untarred (900-1.500m).

Kamuzu air haven becomes international regularly of the South African SAAfrom Johannesburg approached (usually on the way to the Comoros), of British Airways from London on the way to Johannesburg/South Africa, of the air France and of the Kenyan Airways of Nairobi.

• Road system:

Malawi has a maintained road systemof 14.597 km. In the year 2001 of it 2,773 km GET ore and 11.821 km are untarred (maintained crushed stone runway). Besides there are some times better, times more badly passable ways.

The most important road is well developed from north to south, if also noteverywhere GET ore. From the Zambian border over Chipita to Karonga a maintained crushed stone runway leads. From Karonga to Mzuzu sections with German development assistance are developed and GET ore, above all the rise in the mountains. From Mzuzu to Lilongwe change tar andCrushed stone. From Lilongwe a well removed tar route leads across Dedza after Liwonde and Zomba. Just as well first the variant is further after Salima at the lake and to Chipoka. From there after Liwonde the road is in no goodCondition.

From Zomba a British colonial runway leads times in, times zweispurig GET ore after Blantyre. From there a very good road built with German development assistance leads river after Chikwawa and across a bridge across the almost one -. There beginsmore geteerter, but bad section with many impact holes up to the border to Mozambique in the south.

Importantly the GET ores are road from Lilongwe to Chipata in Zambia and the crushed stone runway from Blantyre to Mwanza and far GET ores after as connection eastward, Tete in Mozambique. To the west the partial GET ores road of Liwonde continue to lead across Mangochi after Chiponde at the Mozambican border and from there after Nacala. A further road to the west leads GET ore of Blantyre across Thyolo after Luchenza andfrom there as crushed stone runway Muloza at the Mozambican border after Milange.

All other roads induce themselves between crushed stone runway and dirt road, times in outstanding condition to drive on times only with large Bodenabstand.

• Bus connections:

Between Blantyre, Lilongwe and Mzuzu operate in thatExpress connection of luxury touring buses. In the rest of country there is good Busverbidnungen.

• Railway:

See: Malawi Rail

• navigation:

The ms Ilala operates regularly on the Malawi lake. The rivers are not navigable.

• Electricity mains

220 V (as in Europe), English plugs.

Only larger places south of theNyika plateaus are attached.

• Communication:

Telephone (2004): Malawi has a fixed net with 93.000 connections and 222,100 mobile phones.

Radio: 9 MW, 5 UKW, 2 KW

of television stations: 1

Internet host: 305 (2005)

Internet users: 46.100 (2005)

• bank system

National Bank OF Malawi has 13 addressesand a set of agencies in the country. She is to be found in nearly each district capital, not however in the surrounding countryside. National Bank works profitable and employs about 1,000 coworkers. The usages of the banking transaction in Malawi differs from inEurope above all in the fact that accounts cannot to be covered and for transfers weeks take up. For the owner of an account definitely only the money is available, which is concretely on its account booked as assets. With projects that can do the entirePlanning temporally far delay and due salary payments impossible make.

economics

general

Malawi ranks the gross domestic product ( GROS DOMESTIC PRODUCT ) per head among the poorest national economies of the world, amounts to 142 euro per year. The BSP amounted to 2005 US-$1.91 billion, that are US-$ 600 per head of the population. The economy depends on the substantial financial subsidies on IWF, the World Bank and individual donor nations. 2003 amounted the portion of the population with less than 1 US Dollar perDay on 42% (see also: Table: The highest poverty world-wide).

agriculture

the economy is aligned predominantly agriculturally, a highest goal is the surface covering supply of the population with corn; 2002 were a catastrophic year of drought.

ThatAgrarian sector employs 90% of the population and furnishes nearly 40% of the GROS DOMESTIC PRODUCT and nearly 90% of the export incomes (mainly tobacco is exported, followed by dte and Zuckerrohr). 55% of the population of Malawi live under the poverty border.

Malawi

has Bodenschätze up to bauxite no considerable Bodenschätze. Energy is won mainly from water power.

According to data of the president Bingu wa Mutharika of 17. October 2005 threatens in the African State of a hunger disaster, from the 5 million inhabitantare threatened. According to the government one made available 50 million $ for 330.000 t grain from South Africa, needs however still 158,000 t, over the supply of the population up to the next harvest in March and/or. To be able to guarantee April 2006. Thus,the fact that more than 14% of the population are infected with AIDS is missing to many Farmern and farm workers simply Kraft for the necessary work.

handicraft

it gives spreads the Holzschnitzerei, whose products belong to the most beautiful in Africa.They differ from in the meantime the “air haven spread everywhere kind” by a remained nativeness. Besides Portuguese influence is clearly noticeable when felling trees resting, the Mozambican civil war refugees with maurischen samples verzieren, which was taken over by Malawian craftsmen. There has itself meanwhile inindependent sector with division of labor establishes. In Mua mission with Salima gives it in the meantime a recognized Holzschnitzerschule.

Also development assistance projects carry in the meantime fruits. Manual work from Raffiabast, reed, Palm and corn sheets became professional common and. Potteries are particularly in the Dedza- Region endemically become. Also the weaving mill for handicapped ones in Blantyre left in the meantime the project and became its own section. There are in the meantime Bathiken, which are coloured superb, although still much of Malawi straight times red. Green, yellowand blue to keep apart can. The differentiated Farbwahrmung is evenly also a culture achievement. Those are bases and talents, the condition for industrielle investments are.

Long a network of automobile workshops put over the country, which repair meanwhile also newer carscan. On the basis of scrapped cars developed a metalworking trade, which can manufacture simply dividing. Pots, furnaces, herd are offered everywhere from own production. Same applies to building crafts.

between

1991 and 1999 the portion was appropriate for public expendituresthe public expenditures for

• the health service with 7%
• the training system with 12%
• the military with 5%

corruption

as in each country with small training ratio and low national level of organization, is common also in Malawi corruption. That is the kindDistribution fight, which does not require a university conclusion, but on traditional rights, privileges, supremacies constructs. Thus there is an informal, which is enormously conflict-laden for the stability of the country not insignificant, but apart from the public national budget.

Web on the left of

• www.malawi.gov.mw official side
• land and travel information of the Foreign Office
• malawisee.com information to the country and to the culture with malawisee.com]
• Internet operational readiness level of CARE international in Malawi (in English language) see also to CARE international
• Internet operational readiness level of the travel and tourism industryfrom Malawi (in English language)
• tourism offers in Malawi
• tourism offers in Malawi

coordinates: 9°-17° S, 33°-35° O