Meeresströmung
Meeresströmungen are mass flows of the sea water, which are determined by numerous drive effects and measured variables. As a rule it acts here over thermohalin conditioned currents. These are particularly or rule andthe larger flow samples of the global conveyor quite reliably in their occurrence, can vary however also under meteorological and ozeanologische factors of influence. Usually this variance follows a rhythm, which adapts to the seasons and so that on the variability of the sun exposure depends.
Meeresströmungen are main on thoseEffect of the wind on the surface of the sea (Ekmann spiral, Upwelling), on the relative heating up of the Wassermassen by the sun to attribute to the relative cooling and to the influence of the relief (topography) of the bottom of the sea. As result become Wassermassen with thatCharacteristics of the main sphere of influence into other parts of the oceans ships or due to the different density for the ascending and descending lively.
The local process of the Meeresströmungen becomes, out of of the flowproducing forces, by the secondarily working distribution of the land masses, Coriolis Kraft, the centrifugal energy with rotations and the friction force affects. The most important sizes are here the water temperature (sea surface temperature), the Salinität and from this resulting the density of the water.
Well-known Meeresströmungen are the gulf stream and the Humboldtstrom.
organization
after the temporal duration one differentiates
- constant,
- periodic and
- temporary currents.
According to the origin and the flowaffecting forces one differentiates
- tidal currents (see tides)
- breaking current reversal (see surf)
- gravitation currents (see gravitation)
- compensation currents, those the exhausted water compensatorily replaces
- friction currents, those on the friction at the boundary layer water/air is based
- to Korkenzieherströmung, caused by the wind in the group with the Corioliskraft
after the physicochemical characteristics one differentiates
- warm currents
- cold currents
- salty currents
- salt-poor currents
according to the situation and layering of the currents differentiates between one
- surface currents
- depth currents
- soil currents
- coastal currents
the demarcations of this organization is partly redundant andusually material currents exhibit a combination of most diverse influences.
Meeresströmungen and their causes
| Name | sea | temperature | causes |
|---|---|---|---|
| East Greenland and Labradorstrom | Atlantic, Arktik | coldly | by wind caused current, discharge of cold polar water, |
| with Florida, Irish one do not bind andNorwegian river | Atlantic, arctic ocean | warmly | by wind caused current, accumulating the northequatorial |
| north | do not bind | warmly | Kuro Schio river Pacific for branching of the Nordäquatorialstroms at |
| seasons - and Südäquatorialstrom | Atlantic, Pacific, Indik | warmly | trade winds (NO trade wind north, then trade windsouth of the equator |
| Pacific | branching | of the Südäquatorialstroms at seasons warmly do not bind Brasilstrom | |
| Atlantic | branching | of the Südäquatorialstroms at seasons warmly do not bind Agulhasstrom | |
| Indik | do not bind | for priority | by wind caused current at seasons warmly do not bind |
| polar west drift | Atlantic, Indik and. Pacific | coldly | continuously blowing “good west hoist” at seasons bound |
| for Humboldt river | Pacific | coldly | branching of the Westwinddrift at seasons Falklandstrom |
| Atlantic | do not bind | coldly | branching of the Westwinddrift |
| Benguelastrom | Atlantic | coldly | branching of the Westwinddrift at seasons do not bind |
| Westaustralstrom | Pacific | coldly | branching of the Westwinddrift not at seasons bound |
| Monsoon stream | Indik | warmly | in the summer landwärts, in the winter meerwärts blowing Monsune |
| coldly | winter | discharge | from Ochotski and the Bering sea bind Oyashio river |
| Atlantic | bind | caused | current California stream Pacific coldly |
| by | lift water | coldly | by lift water caused current |
