Merowinger

the sex of the Merowinger (or Merovinger) placed 751 in the year n.Chr. the rule dynasty of Franconias. The Karolinger followed them (see also Frankish realm).

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history

the Merowinger is the oldest Frankish king sex. The name is derived from Merowech (or Meroväus). From it and its two predecessors nothing is well-known except legendful excessive quantities.

Of its son Childerich I., 1653 the burial place in Tournai was found to a king of the Salfranken: Several preciousnesses had been put to the king in the grave, besides it carried the clothes of a Roman general. Childerich had actually as Föderat for west Rome and later forthe army master Aegidius fought, which developed itself after 461 its own realm in Nordgallien. Childerichs grandchild Chlodwig I. governed from 482 to 511 and raised the Franconia realm by victories over Syagrius, the son of the Aegidius, the neighbouring Frankish small kingdoms, Alamannen and the Westgoten as well as by the acceptance of the Christianity to world-historical meaning. The Merowinger made itself also the Gallo Roman culture too uses and followed the lateRoman administrative practice. Chlodwig divided the realm among its four sons,but three lines became extinct, so that Chlothar I. from 558 to 561 the whole realm by Thuringia and Burgund to extend could. With its death late ancient times phase of the realm end. Among its successors it was then again divided andby brother wars (for example around Brunichild, time of the so-called “Merovingi Gräuel “), from Chlothar II. tore up. however again combines 613.

Chlothar II. and Dagobert I.the last large rulers of the Merowinger were and already caught nevertheless among them the influenceto grow the house Meier (maior domus) on. In this situation the sex of the Pippiniden allied with the Arnulfingern rose to such power that Grimoald, the son of beep pin the older one 656 undertook the attempt, instead of of theMerowingers Dagobert II. to raise its own son to the king from Austrasien ( capital Metz). Because the other powerful families did not bear this, the Merowinger held its powerful position still further 100 years.

Since 687 had from the Arnulfingern andPippiniden come out Karolinger practically completely power in the hand. Karl Martell could combine finally the karolingischen house Meier - offices in itself. One of its sons, beep pin the younger one raised again a Merowinger, Childerich III. 743 to the king, left it however 752 by the Pope again sets off and in the monastery points. With it ended the rule of the Merowinger, which had been last only ceremony.

It means, they appeared only for specific occasions in the public. But they used an ox car.Their appearance was coined/shaped by long hair. In an at that time already ancient dialect they let read out proclamations, which had been written by their Hausmeiern. - This description originates from the medieval biography of Karl of the large one and is probably polarize-mixes exaggerated,in order to lend to the new karolingischen ruler sex more legitimacy.

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historical sources

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history of art

architecture see to Vorromanik

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ruler

thoseListing of the rulers represents a problem due to the constant divisions of the realm among the sons. Brothers or other relatives partly prevailed at the same time in partial realms up to four. The two most important were Austrasien in the east and Neustrien in the west of theCentral area of the Frankish kingdom.

to the relational relations see: Research beside

the written sources for

the epoch

of the Merowinger we draw master list of the Merowinger [work on] todaymainly information from archaeological sources. An archaeological source is information, which can be opened only with methods of the archaeology, D. h. only by its excavation abandons the knowledge. Primarily for this graves are to us at the disposal, their detailsDocumentation during the excavation (= destruction) the condition is for a meaningful interpretation. Because by excavation of a Nekropole it is irreparably destroyed, and therefore it - particularly for future questions - is necessary to document each little thing and on theseTo receive kind as information.

As in all disciplines also in the archaeology the question in the course of the time changed. It is still particularly interested goods early generations registered into the historical books in the find of large wealth, with thosesaw, asks the Frühgeschichtler of these days for the life circumstances also to the simple population. At least economic Kraft and Jenseits-Vorstellung can be derived from the inventory and the building (installations such as grave chamber or simple tree coffins, adjustment of the funeral, etc.) of a grave.

ThoseConception, after the civilized epoch of late ancient times followed a dark and a little civilized time of the Merowinger, must today be revised. Early history discusses still the problem of continuity or Diskontinuität in the transitional phase of the lateantique Roman crewto the early Middle Ages, but it can be accepted on the basis soil finds already today that the Merowinger had a very own aesthetic requirement to its equipment.

Beside a very large number of most different beads and different Trachten verzierte disk booklets became as also with AlmandinGarb needles carried. Beside golden decoration panels the women from economically potent families carried a multiplicity of glass beads of different forms and colors to their funeral also. Into the clothes or into the corpse cloth a fine gold thread (gold Lahn) can have been in-woven. SilverDecoration like Ohrringe in addition, Gürtelschnallen or the typically merowingischen thigh straps, a whose practical character in holding the Unterschenkel of covering cloth must be seen, as well as rings from precious metal belonged likewise to the equipment.

Surely can in splendourful burying „more nobly “, at leastbut economically persons better posed a group pressure of the community to be seen. It came only into a grave, which could to afford the family up give, because it was by burying the access extracted. That this condition not for allTimes was, becomes clear from the high number of old robbed graves, in which itself members of the community - usually some time after burying - which best pieces of the inventory stole.

Robs more rarely, because not so richthe graves economically not so of the families well placed are equipped or novels, which have another adding sample. Here or did not want one could do not the valuable and still for surviving or the status of important articles by the salvagegive up in the earth. Thus in such cases in former times often and worth-free of poor population one spoke not completely.

This group is it also, which can bring chronology systems of archaeologists in the Wanken. Often articles were only given up if them completelyfrom the mode had come, and its carrying no more value in the society had. Thus would add for instance a pair of ear rings, which should have a relatively limited chronological running time, sometimes over some decades and throws one shifts - inthe rule generally very sensitive - fine chronology nearly over. The consideration also this fact makes the evaluation of an archaeological source so complex like a merowingerzeitliches grave field.

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literature

  • Eugen eternal: The Merowinger and the Franconia realm. Stuttgart(Kohl hammer) 2001, paperback, ISBN 3170170449.
    (Standard work)
  • Patrick J. Geary: The Merowinger. Europe before Karl the large one, Munich 2003.
    (Standard work)
  • Martina Hartmann: Departure in the Middle Ages. The time of the Merowinger, Darmstadt 2003.
    (Current and richly illustrated representation.)
  • Ian Wood: The Merovingian Kingdoms, 450-751, London 1994.
    (Important overall display, which is more strongly systematically developed than about eternal.)
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Wiktionary: Merowinger - word origin, synonyms and translations
 

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